Faculty of Science and Engineering

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School

Curtin University *

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12925

Subject

Mechanical Engineering

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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4

Uploaded by ChiefFog12162

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Faculty of Science and Engineering ENGR2000 – Fluid Mechanics Semester 1 2019 LABORATORY 2 REPORT FLOW THROUGH PIPES
Abstract This report is focused on the study of flow in pipes. With experiment conducted looking specifically at laminar, transitional and turbulent flows, with purpose of identifying and understanding the effects of friction on the fluid flow. The objectives of this laboratory were to distinguish values of Reynolds Number for the three different flow regimes, and to understand the Friction Factor concept as it is applied in a flow through a pipe. The experimental results that were acquired during the experiment were used to compare against the theoretical values of Friction Factor, against a Moody Chart. A Water and Mercury manometer were used to measure and record the alterations in pressure through the pipe, whilst being timed to comprehend how long it was taking for the tank to fill up. As a result, it has been observed that the theoretical and experimental relationship between the friction factor and Reynolds Number were similar. It was found that there were discrepancies between theoretical and experimental values regarding the Friction Factors, and in order to improve, it is recommended that multiple tests are conducted at each stage of the procedure. The necessary knowledge, regarding the theory of flow through pipes, was learnt from Fluid Mechanics ENGR2000. ii
Table of Contents Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Background --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Objective ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Apparatus ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Experimental Procedure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 Results --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 Analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 Discussion ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Conclusion ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 References ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Appendix ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 Appendix A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 Appendix B ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 iii
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List of Figures Figure 1: Flow Differences Between Laminar, Transitional and Turbulent ------------------- 1 Figure 2: Mercury Manometer ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Figure 3: Water Manometer -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Figure 4: Hydraulic Gradient against Mean Velocity --------------------------------------------- 7 Figure 5: Experimental Friction Factor plotted with Reynolds Number (Moody Chart) ---- 7 List of Tables Table 1: Properties of Pipe, Water and Mercury -------------------------------------------------- 4 Table 2: Water Manometer Tests -------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Table 3: Mercury Manometer Tests ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Table 4: Calculations and Results (Water Manometer Tests) ----------------------------------- 6 Table 5: Calculations and Results (Mercury Manometer Tests) -------------------------------- 6 Table 6: Comparison of the Experimental and Theoretical Friction Factor -------------------- 8 iv

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