Skate ParkSP22

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Chandler-Gilbert Community College *

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111

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Mechanical Engineering

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by DukeIron355

Name: _________________________________ Mechanical Energy (Kinetic – Potential) Conservation Phet Energy Skate Park Exercise Purpose : When Tony Hawk wants to launch himself as high as possible off the half-pipe, how does he achieve this? The skate park is an excellent example of the conservation of energy. The law of conservation of energy tells us that we can never create or destroy energy, but we can change its form. In this lab, analyze energy transfers between gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and energy lost due to collisions or friction (converted to thermal energy) as a skateboarder rides along a track. Go to https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/energy-skate-park/latest/energy-skate-park_en.html and press the play button, then select Intro. Take some time to play with the simulation. Turn on the Bar Graph (click "Energy" on the left), ‘Grid’ (from the bottom left) and ‘Speed’ (from the right). Become familiar with the ‘Reset’ buttons on the bottom right ("Restart Skater" vs full reset icon) and how to change the speed of the simulation with the buttons on the bottom. Introduction If you didn't already, turn on the ‘Energy’ bar graph, ‘Grid,’ and ‘Speed’ options. Set the skater 2 meters above the ground on the ramp and release them. 1. What type of energy does the skater have at the 2-meter mark? Potential energy 2. How high does the skater get on the other end of the ramp? 2 meters 3. Explain, in terms of the conservation of energy, why the skater will never go higher than your answer to question 2 at this point. The maximum potential energy will always be the same as total energy never decreases. 4. If you were to place the skater at the 5-meter mark, how high would the skater go on the other side of the track? Write your prediction, then try it and state whether it matched your prediction or not and, if not, what happened instead Prediction: 5 meters Actual result: 5 meters 1

5. Mark the column that best describes the energy change for the following situations: increase Stay the same decreas e How does the skater’s kinetic energy change as they move down the ramp? How does the skater’s kinetic energy change as they move up the ramp? How does the skater’s potential energy change as they move down the ramp? How does the skater’s potential energy change as they move up the ramp? How does the skater’s total energy change as they move down the ramp? How does the skater’s total energy change as they move up the ramp? 6. Describe the skater’s kinetic energy at the bottom of the ramp. The kinetic energy is at 100% meaning there’s no potential energy. 7. Describe the skater’s potential energy at the bottom of the ramp. There is no potential energy at the bottom of the ramp 8. What happens to the types of energy when the skater is dropped in the air to fall on to the ramp from above? (Hint: look at the bar graph.) The potential energy starts off at 100%, then it balances out with the kinetic energy until it reaches the bottom where potential energy is 0 and kinetic energy is 100 9. What happens to the total energy when the skater is dropped in the air to fall on to the ramp from above? (Again, look at the bar graph.) Total energy stays the same 10. Observe the following situations. Make a prediction in your mind of the bar graph for each situation, then test it and draw (or screen shot) the resulting bar graphs for each case. Attach file with your four bar graphs, clearly labeled or arranged appropriately. 2

a. Top of the ramp stopped for an instant b. Halfway down the ramp, moving mid speed c. ¾ way down the ramp, moving pretty fast d. Bottom of the ramp, zooming past the middle A. B. C. D. 3

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11. Observe the following bar graphs. In your mind, predict where the skater might be for each bar graph, then test it and draw the appropriate location on the track for each case. Sketch and clearly label on the graphs below. Maintain the same scale throughout all four. 17. Consider this zany track (which you can select from the right side of the screen; keep 'Stick to Track' setting selected). If released from one end, at what point or points on this track does the skater have ... 4