Laboratory Report 3

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Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville *

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GEOG-418

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Mechanical Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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Laboratory Report: Grain Size DistribuƟon Test of Soils Title : Grain Size DistribuƟon Test of Soils Date : 02/07/2024 ObjecƟve : This experiment’s objecƟve is to determine the grain size distribuƟon curve for a soil sample. Equipment : 1. Stack of sieves with a cover 2. Mortar and pestle 3. Scale 4. Oven 5. Mechanical sieve shaker 6. Brush 7. Oven dried soil sample Procedure : 1. Use the mortar and pestle to break up and large chunks of soil 2. Record the weight of the soil sample with the pan 3. Pour the soil sample into the stack of sieves making sure all the soil leaves the pan 4. Record the weight of the pan 5. To find the weight of the soil subtract the weight of the pan from the weight of the pan and soil and record this weight as W0 6. Ensure the cover is firmly on the stack of sieve and place it into the mechanical sieve shaker 7. Let the stack of sieves shake for 10 minutes 8. Remove the stack of sieve from the shaker and record the weight of soil retained on each individual sieve using the same method used to get W0 9. Once these weights are recorded transfer the data to MicrosoŌ Excel and plot the size distribuƟon curve

CalculaƟons : Size Distribution Sieve No. Sieve Opening Sieve Wt. Sieve + Soil Wt. Wt. of Soil Retained Cumulative Wt. Passing Wt. Percent Passing 4 4.750 510.9 530.8 19.9 19.9 493.1 96.12 8 2.360 455.0 491.2 36.2 56.1 456.9 89.06 16 1.180 341.2 402.6 61.4 117.5 395.5 77.10 30 0.600 398.4 480.5 82.1 199.6 313.4 61.09 50 0.300 333.0 417.3 84.3 283.9 229.1 44.66 100 0.150 406.5 466.5 60.0 343.9 169.1 32.96 200 0.075 538.5 568.1 29.6 373.5 139.5 27.19 Pan 0 421.4 560.9 139.5 513.0 0 0.00 Size DistribuƟon : W0 is calculated using the equaƟon: 𝑊 ଴ = (𝑊𝑡. 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑜𝑖𝑙 + 𝑃𝑎𝑛) − (𝑊𝑡. 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑎𝑛) 𝑊 ଴ = 761.8 − 248.8 = 513.0 The percent passing is calculated using the equaƟon: % 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 = (𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑊𝑡. )/(𝑊 ଴ )

0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 Percent Passing Sieve Size Size Distribution Curve Results : The experiment results in a preƩy smooth size distribuƟon curve indicaƟng that the soil sample is well graded. Discussion : AŌer compleƟng the lab and looking back at the data I found that the percent of soil passing each sieve was well distributed throughout the stack of sieves. This would indicate that the soil sample is well graded or that it has a variety of soil parƟcles of various sizes. AŌer collecƟng all of the data and using a couple of equaƟons I was able to make a size distribuƟon curve graph for the soil sample. Ensuring to make the y-axis percent passing and the x-axis the various sieve sizes on a logarithmic scale I found that the size distribuƟon curve to be smooth. This confirmed my suspicion that the soil sample is well graded as the size distribuƟon curve of a poorly graded soil sample would have a steeper slope.

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Conclusion : This lab was completed successfully using a stack of sieves, a mechanical sieve shaker, and an oven dried soil sample. Using the lab equipment previously listed I was able to create and interpret the size distribuƟon curve of the soil sample. RecommendaƟons : Using soil samples from a job site and without Ɵme being a factor I would recommend leƫng the stack of sieve shake in the mechanical sieve shaker longer. These soil samples should be shaken for the amount of Ɵme highlighted in the reference listed below rather than just 10 minutes. References : ASTM D6913: Standard Test Methods for ParƟcle-Size DistribuƟon (GradaƟon) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis.

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