ThompsonBIOS256_Labs_Week_4_lab

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Chamberlain University College of Nursing *

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256

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Mechanical Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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BIOS256 OL, Week 4 Lab Name: Tavia Thompson OL Lab 4: Renal Physiology: Find the mode of action of a diuretic drug Learning Objectives:  Understand the morphological relationships between the kidney tubules and the circulatory system  Analyze experimental data for calculating glomerular filtration rate  Set up and perform a perfusion of renal tubules, including the calculation of liquid absorption rates  Learn about the epithelial transport mechanism in the kidney tubules  Use experimental data to assess the mode of action of a diuretic drug Kidneys play a critical role in the filtration and reabsorption of essential substances that are required for the body. In this simulation, you will explore the anatomy of the kidney through 3D holograms and identify the physiological roles in maintaining homeostasis as well as the factors that influence urine regulation. In this simulation, you will use the kidney from a dissected rat to study the mode of action of a new diuretic drug and learn the reabsorption process in the renal tubules. You will learn how to calculate the glomerular filtration rate or GFR and learn the hormones that influence urine output. At the end of the simulation, you should be able to correlate the relationship between renal and circulatory systems in controlling blood pressure. Part 1: Complete Labster- Renal Physiology: Find the mode of action of a diuretic drug Part 2: Report and Reflection Purpose: Describe in your own words and in complete sentences, the purpose of this experiment. The purpose of this simulation is to gain a better understanding of how the kidneys play a role in reabsorption and filtration. This is studied by dissecting a mouse and analyzing the effects of a diuretic drug and the urinary system. Also, learning how to calculate GFR and how different hormones can influence urine output.

BIOS256 OL, Week 4 Lab Name: Tavia Thompson Observations: List 2 observations you have made in this simulation. Two observations that I have made after completing this simulation is how diuretics help the kidneys release more sodium into our urine, and how the sites of a nephron differ with their functions and structures. Answer all the questions below: 1. In the simulation, why was the ascending limb of the nephron selected to study the effect of the diuretic drug? (2 points) The ascending limb of the nephron was selected to study the effect of the diuretic drug because it is the primary site of action for diuretic drugs. This vital organ of the body can control the retention and elimination of sodium and chloride. 2. What is renal perfusion and how does it affect blood pressure? (2 points) Renal perfusion is the volume of blood that reaches the kidneys per unit time. It is needed to maintain normal urine output and glomerular filtration rate. Reduced cardiac output causes decreased renal perfusions. Increased blood pressure leads to increased renal perfusion. 3. Compare and contrast the cortical and Juxtamedullary nephrons. (2 points) The differences between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons are that cortical nephrons have a short loop of Henle, they only enter the outer renal medulla and account for 80-85% of nephrons. Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops that extend into the deeper region of the medulla. 4. What are the hormones that regulate urine output? (2 points) The hormones that regulate urine output are ADH and Angiotensin II. 5. What is countercurrent multiplication in a nephron and how does it affect the urine concentration? (2 points) Countercurrent multiplication in a nephron is the process of using energy to generate an osmotic gradient that enables you to reabsorb water from the tubular fluid and produce concentrated urine. The concentration of urine is controlled by antidiuretic hormone, which helps the kidneys to conserve water. 6. Reflection: Reflect on at least 2 key concepts you have learned from this simulation. How can you apply it to human health and diseases?

BIOS256 OL, Week 4 Lab Name: Tavia Thompson One of the key concepts I learned from this simulation is how to calculate GFR to assess kidney functions. This is important information to know as an aspiring nurse. I have also gained knowledge of diuretic drugs and how they affect kidney function. Grading Rubric: Activity Deliverable Points Part 1 Complete simulation 15 Part 2 Complete lab report and answer questions  Purpose (1 point)  Observation (2 points)  Questions (10 points)  Reflection (2 points) 15 Total Complete all lab activities 30

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