HIM 242 Chapter 13 Quiz Key
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Feb 20, 2024
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HIM 242 Chapter 13 Quiz Key
Chapter 13
Review Quiz (with Key)
1.
When a number is assigned to a specific category, such as a 1= male and 2 = female, this is what type of variable?
a. Ordinal
b. Interval
c. Ratio
d. Nominal
Rationale: Nominal variables are those in which a number is assigned to a specific category, such as a 1= male and 2 = female.
2.
The key to building a _____ presentation is to make it able to stand alone so anyone reading it can understand the information displayed. a. Graph
b. Plot
c. Table
d. Measure of central tendency
Rationale: Tables should be designed so that they stand alone without any additional information.
3.
Identify the numerical value that goes from one whole number to the next whole number, such as $30,567.32, 62.596, and 18.65. a. Discrete
b. Continuous
c. Simple
d. Ordinal
Rationale: Continuous variables
include any numerical value that goes from one whole number to the next whole number.
4. Identify a simple chart that is used to describe qualitative, categorical, or discrete variables such as nominal or ordinal data.
a. Line graph
b. Pie chart
c. Frequency polygon
d. Bar chart
Rationale: Bar charts are simple charts used to describe qualitative, categorical, or discrete variables such as nominal or ordinal data. The bars may be drawn vertically, wherein the value represents the height of the bar drawn, or horizontally,
wherein the value represents the length of the bar drawn. There are several types of
bar charts. The easiest bar chart to build is the one-variable bar chart, which displays a bar to represent the amount of the specific category.
5. Identify the type of chart that follows.
Urban
Suburban
Rural
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
45
25
15
10
5
2
Number of healthcare facilities and trauma units in Region 1
Number of healthcare facilities
Number of trauma units
Number of healthcare facilities and trauma units
Region
a. Pie chart
b. Horizontal stacked bar chart
c. One-variable bar chart
d. Histogram
Rationale: When titles get longer or if data is shown from the smallest at the top to the largest at the bottom as well as showing proportions of two areas, the horizontal stacked bar chart can be used.
6.
Identify the statistical presentation that could be used to present and summarize data for multiple groups. Data that includes information on median, data range and any found outliers. a. Bubble chart
b. Pareto chart
c. Box-and-whisker plot
d. Stem and leaf plot
Rationale: Box-and-whisker plots visually summarize several main factors: median, range, and outliers. In this type of data presentation, the box represents quartiles, or quarters.
7.
Refer to the pie chart below. Identify which locality has the greatest percentage of healthcare organizations in Region 1?
a. Rural
b. Suburban
c. Urban
d. It cannot be determined from this graph Rationale: Since the largest part of the pie (53%) is blue and the legend tells us that blue corresponds to urban, the best answer is urban. 8.
A _________________ is a graphical device used to display continuous data and to show changes or trends of the data over time.
a. Line graph
b. Bar chart
c. Table
d. Pareto chart
Rationale: A line graph is a graphical device used to display continuous data and to show changes or trends of the data over time. The x-axis on the line graph from left to right, designates time (such as month, day, or year) and the y-axis shows the quantity of the plotted data. A line graph looks similar to a frequency polygon although its purpose is different and is explained later in this chapter. A line graph is best to use when one has many different data points to plot or more than one set of data to be plotted. Multiple lines can be put on one graph for very useful comparisons.
9.
A ______________ should be used with discrete data that is part of a frequency distribution.
a. Histogram
b. Bar chart
c. Pie chart
d. Pareto chart
Rationale: A histogram should be used with continuous data that is part of a frequency distribution.
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10.
Identify the first step in the analysis of data for a scheduled presentation. a. Determine the statistical test to be used
b. Edit the created presentation
c. Determine the objective of the presentation
d. Hire or appoint a statistician to the project
Rationale: The first step is to determine the objective of the information being presented so
that the data analysis can be focused on that objective.
11. An ANOVA is a statistical test used to ______________.
a. Provide demographic information
b. Show the relationship between two research variables
c. Show information on data frequency
d. Examine the means of two or more data groups
Rationale: An ANOVA is a test used to find and examine the differences in the determined averages (means) within and between data groups.
12.
Coder status such as as 1=advanced, 2=intermediate, 3=beginner is an example of a __________ in common data configurations of statistical software.
a. Data list
b. Missing value
c. Output
d. Value label
Rationale: Value labels assign a value to a specific variable and appears in the output for easy interpretation.
13.
Based on the following output table, what is the average coding test score for the beginner coder?
Coding test score Coder status
Mean
N
Standard
Deviation
advanced
93.0000
3
5.00000
intermediate
89.5000
2
0.70711
beginner
73.3333
3
6.42910
Total
84.7500
8
10.51190
a. 93
b. 6.4
c. 73
d. 90
Rationale: Since the mean is the average and the value next to the beginner under coder status is 73.3333, round the value to a whole number and the best answer is 73.
14.
If the research focus or question relates to the number of hours students spend in an online course and the final course grade, which of the following is a workable null hypothesis? a. Students who spend 10 hours or more logged into an online course do not receive a grade above a B. b. Students who spend 10 hours or more logged into an online course receive a grade of A or B. c. Students need to have great time management skills to get an A in an online course.
d. The course learning management system should determine how many hours per week are required for a student to get a passing course grade. Rationale: A null hypothesis is a positive statement of what is expected to be found in the research; therefore, the statement in option b is the best
null hypothesis. Option a is an alternative hypothesis. Option c does meet the parameters of the research; it does not address the number of student hours. Option d does not address the number of hours but instead the recording of the hours by the learning management system. 15.
A ____________ is similar to a scatter chart except that it compares three data variables.
a. Histogram
b. Bubble chart
c. Stem and leaf plots
d. Line graph
Rationale: A bubble chart is like a scatter chart except that it compares three data variables. The larger the bubble the larger the value of the variable. 16.
A researcher is planning to examine the culture surrounding the hiring of women with HIM backgrounds and credentials for non-HIM roles in healthcare organizations. Which of the following is the best research methodology for this research?
a. Experimental b. Ethnography
c. Correlational
d. Prospective
17.
The statistics that examine the spread of different values around the measures of central tendency is known as _____.
a. Measures of variability
b. Measures of significance
c. The range
d. The variance
Rationale: Measures of variability examine the spread of different values around the measures of central tendency. The measures of variability include the range, variance, and standard deviation.
18.
The measure of variability that is the simplest one to compute is _____.
a. Standard deviation
b. Variance
c. Range
d. Mode
Rationale: The range is the simplest measure of variation to compute and is calculated by determining difference between the highest and lowest values. It is quick and easy to do, but not very useful since it only considers extremes and not the entire sample of data values.
19.
The first step to compute the _________ is ranking the values from lowest to highest.
a. Mean
b. Median
c. Mode
d. Standard deviation
Rationale: When values are ranked, the median is the value in which there is the same amount of numbers above and below. It is the middlemost value when arranged in numerical order. For an odd number of observations, the median is the middle number in an ordered set of numbers; for an even number of observations it is the mean or average of the middle two numbers.
The first step to compute the median is ranking these values from
lowest to highest.
20.
Identify the standardized unit that provides the relative position of any observation in the distribution and is also the number of standard deviations that the observed value lies away from the mean, μ.
a. T-score
b. Z-score
c. F-test
d. Chi test
Rationale: A Z-score is a standardized unit that provides the relative position of any observation in the distribution and is also the number of standard deviations that the observed value lies away from the mean, μ. Transforming the raw observations to Z values makes it possible to make comparisons between distributions.
21.
A Z-score of 3.5 represents a score that is how many standard deviations above the
mean?
a. 3.5
b. 6.5
c. 68
d. 3.5 below the mean
Rationale: Z-scores represent the number of standard deviations above or below the mean,
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so a Z-score of 3.5 represents a score that is 3.5 standard deviations above the mean. 22.
Which of the following is a type of study design that was used to explore how the use of
automated coding software could be used to enhance anti-fraud activities?
a. Retrospective
b. Prospective
c. Experimental
d. Descriptive
Rationale: Descriptive studies include research that is exploratory in
nature and generate new hypotheses from the data collected. 23.
If a researcher was interested in whether the use of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) caused colon cancer in postmenopausal women, they would recruit a group of women with colon cancer (cases) and another group of women without colon cancer (controls) as
subjects. This type of study design is known as _____.
a. Prospective cohort b. Historical prospective
c. Descriptive
d. Retrospective case-control
Rationale: In epidemiology, retrospective studies (also called case-control studies) are conducted by reviewing records and asking the subjects to recall past events in order to determine the presence or absence of the independent variable under study. This is compared in samples of subjects with the disease under study (cases) and without the disease (controls). 24.
This particular process is important in effectively testing whether the specific
intervention actually made a difference in the outcome of the disease in experimental
studies. It is called _____.
a. Odds ratio
b. Relative risk
c. Randomization
d. Incidence rate
Rationale: When study participants are randomly chosen to be in the experimental, control, or comparison group using an indiscriminate method, so each participant has an equal chance of being selected for one of the groups, it is called randomization. Randomization is important in effectively testing whether the specific intervention actually made a difference in the outcome of the disease. 25.
In which type of distribution are the mean, median, and mode equal?
a. Bimodal distribution
b. Simple distribution
c. Non-normal distribution
d. Normal distribution
Rationale: The normal distribution is where data follows a symmetrical curve. The normal distribution is a theoretical family of distributions that may have any mean or any standard deviation. In a normal distribution, the mean, median, and mode are equal.