GOVT-Exam 2

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Texas A&M University, Kingsville *

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2306

Subject

Law

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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3

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What size population do you need to have in order to qualify as a home rule city? at least 5,000 The joining of unincorporated land into the boundary of an existing city is known as annexation. Texas has more than 50 locally governed ____ _ (or boards) for community college or junior college districts Texans interact most frequently with a special district we know as our local __ ___ school district. A home rule city is allowed more freedom than a general law city in Texas True How many commissioners serve on the county commissioner’s court? 4 Each county has a _____ ___. county judge and a commissioner’s court County judges manage all of the above County clerks perform which of the following duties: all of the above A system of local government headed by an elected mayor and a city council, mayor-council A single-purpose government that performs a specialized function is called special district. A __ _ provides water, sewage, drainage, and other services municipal utility district (MUD) An administrator hired to run the day-to-day operations in a city is called a city manager. A __ _____ is a system of local government in which the city council appoints a council-manager system A city that is only allowed to operate under the laws that the state provides is a general law city. A city that is allowed self-governance independent of state law is a home rule city. A city’s governing document is its charter. Why might a juror be dismissed from service by one of the attorneys? all of the above Which type of misdemeanor is the most severe? Class A When law enforcement agents search an accused’s property search and seizure. Victims’ rights include which of the following? all of the above The state’s lawyer, who is responsible for bringing prosecutor . There are three categories of __ ____: A, B, and C. misdemeanors. The legal grounds law enforcement uses to make probable cause . The initial appearance of the accused in court is an arraignment. Sentencing a convicted individual to death, is commonly referred to as the death penalty. Cases in which individuals, corporations, or the government civil cases ___ is where the defendant agrees to a lesser set of charges A plea bargain Crimes are classified into two primary categories: misdemeanors and felonies. A system in which a prisoner is released from prison prior parole. A plea where a defendant does not admit guilt, but is not contesting a no contest plea The process in which individuals acquire political values political socialization Texas voter turnout is consistently lower than other states An election in which each party selects its nominees for office is called a primary election Incumbents are more likely to win a general election with incumbent advantage A statute mandating that state governments provide voter A motor voter law An organization that collects donations from donors and uses these funds Political Action Committee (PAC) An election where, if no candidate receives a majority of the votes, runoff election An election contest held, as needed, to fill vacancies created by special election A candidate who is currently the officeholder, is called the incumbent Which of the following are a regular part of a lobbyist’s job? all of the above What are interest groups involved in? All of the above The relationship that forms between interest groups, the iron triangle. The idea that “public policy is bought and sold like a commodity transactional theory The idea that “groups that have greater resources are in a better elite theory The idea that “competition keeps powerful interest groups in check pluralist theory Private goods made available to people who organize for a collective good, are called _ ______ benefits selective Groups that benefit the public in general are called: public interest groups Groups that advocate for the benefit of their members are called: private interest groups Getting members of the general public, who are interested in an issue, grassroots lobbying Direct communications with members of the legislative or executive lobbying A situation in which individuals benefit from a publicly provided good the free-rider problem
A legal filing with relevant opinions or information pertinent to a case that an amicus curiae brief. Which agency coordinates, develops and evaluates higher education in Texas? the Texas Higher Education Which agency administers the state’s Medicaid program? the Texas Health and Human Services Commission The placement of an issue onto the public agenda is known as agenda setting. The fund that contains the money from the state’s long-term investment and permanent school fund. The final phase of the policymaking process, in which lawmakers and evaluation. Surface water is subject to control and management by the state, capture Implementation is simply when agencies carryout the policies that have been passed. True No Child Left Behind (NCLB) is a mandate from the _ to _ ____. federal government to state Policymakers can only address policies that have been defined or identified? True Medical coverage for low-income Texans provided by the federal government, Medicaid Income measured programs that provide aid to individuals and families with low incomes, means- tested A program that provides financial and medical assistance to needy children and Temporary Assistance to Needy A policy that provides additional benefits or opportunities to individuals who have affirmative action. A national social insurance program for older Americans, sixty-five and above, Medicare Who/what determines the value of your home (sets the appraisal rate) Your appraisal district. The state sets the sales tax rate at 6.25% and local government can add up to another __ _____. 2% The state comptroller provides a ___ ___ at the beginning of each regular session. biennial revenue estimate (BRE) The state charges 20 cents per gallon on __ _. The more you drive, the more _ ______ you pay. gas; tax The sales tax is considered to be a regressive tax. The income a state receives from taxes, fees, and other sources is known as revenue. The __ _ has served as the state’s largest single source of tax income. sales tax The budget rule that states that Texas cannot spend more money than it receives the “pay as you go” rule. Texas relies primarily on two sources of tax revenue: sales and property taxes Texas has __ __ income tax. No Taxes imposed on the sale of alcohol and tobacco and on some forms of gambling, “sin” taxes. The Governor and LBB can shift funds during the 2 year budget cycle. True LARs (Legislative Agency Requests) are important because that is what will True Property taxes are assessed based upon the ___ the taxpayer owns. value of the property Legislation that specifies what spending the state will undertake is referred to as an appropriations bill. Every Texas homeowner receives a __ _ exemption on their home. This is known as the homestead $25,000 Each session, lawmakers pass a budget that is implemented in the following two fiscal years. A tax with a rate that increases as the amount that is taxed rises is known as a a progressive tax. A tax that exacts a larger percentage of the earnings of low-income than of high-income individuals regressive tax. A portion of property value that Texans don’t have to pay taxes on is known as the homestead exemption.
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