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AN 2 /oY 7 [o IS U 15 1) ofF SN \\ (VYA 2 (e Tl | DIE o] gletdTo] s IR @0 £ ol 2loTTq R {19 [ MY/ oM OIT[-T s - world history (1681) Unit 4: New Racial Distinctions - Casta Painting Analysis WebQuest Maritime Empires Maintained and Developed Rulers used a variety of methods to legitimize and consolidate their power. The Atlantic trading system involved the movement of labor--including slaves--and the mixing of African, American, and European cultures and peoples, with all parties contributing to this cultural synthesis. States treated different ethnic and religious groups in ways that utilized their economic contributions while limiting their ability to challenge the authority of the state. Example: Spanish and Portuguese creation of new racial classifications in the Americas including mestizo, mulatto, and creole. STEP 1: Bacl | Casta Painti Visit the following site and use it to answer the following questions: CLICK HERE FOR THE READING 1. What is a casta painting? Paintings that “attempt to capture reality, yet they are largely fiction. Typically, casta paintings display a mother, father, and a child (sometimes multiple).” 2. How are casta paintings a product of the European Enlightenment? They speak to Enlightenment concerns, “specifically the notion that people can be rationally categorized based on their ethnic makeup and appearance.” 3. Describe how casta paintings indicate who has power in New Spanish societies. The closer you were to the top, the more European you are and the more social power you have 4. Who do many historians believe commissioned casta paintings? Many historians believe that "Viceroys or the stand-in for the Spanish King in the Americas” commissioned casta paintings. 5. Why do historians believe they were commissioned? Many historians believe that they were commissioned because they “reflect increasing social anxieties about inter-ethnic mixing. It is possible that elites who claimed to be of pure blood, and who likely found the dilution of pure-bloodedness alarming, were among those individuals who commissioned casta paintings” STEP 2: Practice with Sourcing Source: In his Idea compendiosa del Reyno de Nueva Esparfia (1774), the native of Cadiz, Pedro Alonso O'Crouley, provides a detailed description of the lineages of New Spain. In this account the author explains how Spanish blood, as opposed to Black, could be redeemed. It is known that neither Indian nor Negro contends in dignity and esteem with the Spaniard; nor do any of the others envy the lot of the Negro, who is the "most dispirited and despised." . . If the mixed-blood is the offspring of a Spaniard and an Indian, the stigma disappears at the third step in descent because it is held as systematic that a Spaniard and an Indian produce a mestizo; a mestizo and a Spaniard, a castizo; and a castizo and a Spaniard, a Spaniard... Because it is agreed that from a Spaniard and a Negro a mulatto is born; from a mulatto and a Spaniard, a morisco; from a morisco and a Spaniard, a torna atras [return-backwards]; and from a torna atras and a Spaniard, a tente en el aire [hold-yourself-in-mid-air], which is the same as mulatto, it is said, and with reason, that a mulatto can never leave his condition of mixed blood, but rather it is the Spanish element that is lost and absorbed into the condition of a Neara. .. The same thina hannens from the union of a Nearo and Indian, the descent ¥ bo and and chino and Indi I 4 10 the n Source the document above in the TWO of the following ways: Point-of-View Written by . ain and wrote about what HE experienced and saw about the lineages.