CJ 350 Module Two Practice Activity Template

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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350

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History

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Dec 6, 2023

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CJ 350 Practice Activity Template: Evolution of Intelligence Complete the following template by replacing the bracketed text with your responses. Event Date or Year of Event Explanation (25–50 words each) Pearl Harbor December 07, 1941 The United States should have listened to Ambassador Joseph Grew when he said there was going to be an attack, instead of spending too much time trying to decode the secret Japanese messages. These messages, called "Purple," were mostly about diplomatic stuff, and by December 1941, the U.S. could only understand a small part of them. National Security Act July 26, 1947 When the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Security Council (NSC) were set up, it led to the creation of these organizations. However, a big problem was that there were a lot of arguments and not enough talking between the agencies. If they had planned things better from the start and made sure they had clear lines of communication, the arguments wouldn't have been a problem. Korean War June 25, 1950 During this war, there were some misunderstandings that might have made the war end sooner. One of the problems was that they didn't know that China was going to join the fight. Also, the way they planned and picked their targets wasn't very good. Vietnam War November 01, 1955 In this war, there were a bunch of things that the intelligence agencies didn't understand well. The United States thought it was a civil war at first, but it wasn't. The enemy had more soldiers than they thought. It took a few years, from 1955 to 1963, to send in troops. If the U.S. had a better understanding of the conflict from the beginning, the war might have turned out differently. Bay of Pigs April 17, 1961 The CIA had a plan to invade Cuba a year before this happened. They gave President Kennedy, who was the new president at the time, the wrong information. The idea was to get rid of Fidel Castro, the leader of Cuba, but instead, the U.S. ended up giving Cuba and Fidel over $50 million worth of food and medicine. If President Kennedy had been given the right information, I think the plan to remove Castro would have worked.
Event Date or Year of Event Explanation (25–50 words each) Cuban Missile Crisis October 16, 1962 The Bay of Pigs was an important factor that led to a big event between the United States and Cuba. This event was a conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union wanted to put nuclear missiles in Cuba, which was a major threat to the U.S. President Kennedy sent a message to the Soviet Union, asking them to take out the missiles and promising not to invade Cuba in return. As a result of this conflict, the U.S. placed an embargo on Cuba. Six Day War June 05-June 10, 1967 This was a fight between the Israelis and Arabs. The United States and the Soviet Union didn't want a big war, so they tried to solve it through diplomacy, but it didn't work. The Israeli military acted and succeeded against the Arabs. The United States had good information about the Arab-Israeli war but was unsure about sending soldiers to get involved. The Iranian Revolution January 07, 1978- February 11, 1979 The CIA made a significant mistake by not realizing that Iran was going through a revolution. If the agency had made a better decision, the two-year hostage situation might not have occurred, or it wouldn't have lasted as long. Operation Desert Storm January 15, 1991 At first, the United States was caught off guard when Kuwait was invaded. However, the U.S. gathered valuable and accurate information to assist them. As a result, the U.S. was able to push back and defeat the enemy. September 11 Attacks September 11, 2001 U.S. agencies had lots of information before the terrorist attacks. Due to these agencies not communicating with each other, it allowed terrorists to come into the country and hijack planes on U.S. soil. The terrorists crashed two planes into the Twin Towers in New York, one into the Pentagon, and the last plane crashed in a field in Pennsylvania. Passengers on that last plane fought the hijackers and stopped them from crashing the plane into another building. If the agencies had shared their information, they might have stopped the attacks. As a result, the Department of Homeland Security was created to watch for any terrorist activity and prevent such attacks in the future.
References Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, October 29). Pearl Harbor attack. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Pearl-Harbor-attack Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, October 19). National Security Act. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Security-Act Millett, A. R. (2023, October 21). Korean War. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Korean-War Editors. (2023, March 28). Vietnam War: Causes, facts & impact. History.com. https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-history The Bay of Pigs. The Bay of Pigs | JFK Library. (n.d.). https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/jfk-in- history/the-bay-of-pigs Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, October 15). Cuban missile crisis. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Cuban-missile-crisis Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, August 13). Six-Day War. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Six-Day-War Afary, J. (2023, October 19). Iranian Revolution. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Iranian-Revolution Collins, S. (2019, January 11). Desert storm: A look back. U.S. Department of Defense. https://www.defense.gov/News/Feature-Stories/story/article/1728715/desert-storm-a-look- back/ Bergen, P. L. (2023, October 18). September 11 attacks. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/September-11-attacks
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