Discussion Post_Chapter 6_Jesuits
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Dec 6, 2023
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Notes:
Page 47: Spanish colonists
Migration from Spain to the Indies and other parts of the Americas, Peru was growing at
this time late 16
th
century
Built according to the Spanish model: central plaza, churches, and universities to educate
wealthy colonists.
Spanish colonists thought they were superior to the American Indians, viewed Natives as
children and treated them as such.
Lima, Peru had central plaza, beautiful architecture, convents, cathedrals, and
universities.
Founded the University of San Marcos in Lima. In 1584 the printing press was
established in Lima.
1630s religious schools for Indians, the Spanish presented opportunities for the Peruvian
Indian in economics and education.
o
Owned haciendas
o
Grew crops
o
Were welcome into Spanish colonial society and enrolled their sons into the same
Jesuit boarding schools as the colonist did
The Portuguese:
In 1531 began colonizing Brazil.
Main purpose stated by the King on pg47
Sent Jesuits 6 in the beginning and increased to 125 over a few decades.
Jesuits were more like conquistadors than missionaries.
The aldeias created to house the natives and created by the Jesuits required the natives to
assimilate to Spanish religion and customs and grow food for the aldeias.
Chapter 6: Jesuits in the Atlantic World, 1500s-1700s
Question 2:
Describe early Spanish and Portuguese efforts to educate the Indians and how their
education of the natives compared to the education offered to colonial children.
Spanish and Portuguese Education and Colonialization of Native Indians
Spanish migration to the Indies and Americas in the 16
th
century grew rapidly, resulting in
the construction of cities in New Spain and Peru (Smith, 2020). Cities were built according to the
Spanish model and contained a plaza, churches, and universities to educate wealthy colonists
(Smith, 2020). The Spanish colonists did not view the Indians as equal but thought they were
superior to the Natives (Smith, 2020). As a result, the colonist viewed the Indians as children and
treated them as such. The University of San was established in Lima, Peru, in the 1500s, and by
1584 the printing press was established in the city (Smith, 2020). By the 1630s, Indians attended
religious schools, and the Spanish colonists presented opportunities for the Peruvian Indians to
participate in economics and education. The Natives owned haciendas, grew crops, and enrolled
their sons in the same Jesuit boarding schools as the colonist (Smith, 2020).
The Portuguese began colonizing Brazil in 1531 (Smith, 2020). The motivation behind
the colonization of Brazil was due to the King of Portugal’s desire to “settle the land of Brazil…
in order that the people that land might be converted to our Holy Catholic Faith” (Smith, 2020, p.
47). The king sent Jesuits, a monastic order founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1540, to Brazil
(Smith, 2020). Initially, six Jesuits were sent; however, over a few decades, the number of Jesuits
in Brazil increased to 125 (Smith, 2020). The Jesuits were more like conquistadors than
missionaries. The Mission villages known as aldeias, where the Natives lived, required them to
assimilate into Spanish religion and costumes (Smith, 2020). Natives also grew food for the
aldeias (Smith, 2020).
The Spanish and Portuguese sought to bring their customs and cultures to the Native
people of the Atlantic World. Although the Spanish colonist allowed the Indians to participate
more in colonial society, they still viewed the Indians as inferior (Smith, 2020). Similarly, the
Portuguese sought to convert the Indians to the Catholic faith but required them to grow food for
the aldeias that the Jesuits created (Smith, 2020). Regarding education, the Spanish provided
more equality by allowing wealthy Indian children to enroll in colonial schools with colonist
children. However, it is unclear if poor Indian children were given the same advantage. Overall,
the Spanish and Portuguese provided some form of education to the Indians of the Atlantic
World.
Reference
Smith, S. J. (2020). Windows into the history & philosophy of education. Kendall Hunt
Publishing Company.
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