CJ 207 Project Three Template
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Southern New Hampshire University *
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207
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History
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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3
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CJ 207 Project Three Template
Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information. Mapp v. Ohio
Summary
Impact of the Case
Police officers in Ohio forcibly entered Dollree Mapp's home without a search warrant while she
was in her nightgown, in search of a suspect in a bombing investigation. When they found no evidence of the suspected bomber, they searched the rest of her home and found obscene materials, for which she was arrested and convicted (Duignan, 2019).
The supreme court ruled that evidence obtained in an unconstitutional search and seizure cannot be used in criminal prosecutions at the state level
(Duignan, 2019).
Gideon v. Wainwright
Summary
Impact of the Case
Clarence Earl Gideon was charged with breaking and entering a pool hall in Florida, which was a felony offense. Gideon was unable to afford an attorney, and he requested that one be appointed to him. However, the trial court denied his request, arguing that under Florida law, only indigent defendants facing capital offenses had the right to counsel at state expense. As a result, Gideon had to represent himself at trial and was ultimately convicted and sentenced to five years in prison (Ashenmiller, 2019).
Gideon v. Wainwright established the right to counsel for anyone accused of a felony, regardless of their ability to pay for legal representation. Before this decision defendants who couldn’t afford representation had to represent themselves. This decision led to the creation of public defender offices in many jurisdictions (Ashenmiller, 2019). Furman v. Georgia and Gregg v. Georgia
Summary
Impact of the Case
William Henry Furman was convicted of murder in Georgia and sentenced to death by electrocution. Furman challenged his sentence, arguing that the death penalty was unconstitutional and violated his Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments rights (Cornell Law School, 2020).
Troy Leon Gregg was convicted of armed robbery
and murder and sentenced to death. Gregg challenged the death penalty on the grounds that
it was cruel and unusual punishment, in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments (Team, 2017).
Furman v. Georgia was significant because it led to a nationwide moratorium on the death penalty and many states revised their statutes to address the concerns. In the years following the ruling, the use of the death penalty declined (Cornell Law School, 2020).
Gregg v. Georgia was significant because the ruling reinstated the death penalty in many states and allowed other states to revise their statutes. Since this ruling, the use of the death penalty increased (Team, 2017). Roper v. Simmons OR In re Gault
Summary
Impact of the Case
Christopher Simmons was 17 years old when he and a friend murdered a woman by throwing her off a bridge. Simmons was found guilty and sentenced to death but appealed the decision on the grounds that executing a juvenile was cruel and unusual punishment and therefore unconstitutional (
Roper v. Simmons - Case Summary and Case Brief
, 2017). The Supreme Court ruled that the execution of juveniles violates the Eight Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment and
invalidates laws in many states. After this ruling, the United States joined many nations in prohibiting death penalties for juveniles. It also recognized that juveniles are less culpable than adults and should not face the same penalties (
Roper v. Simmons - Case Summary and Case Brief
, 2017).
References:
Duignan, B. (2019). Mapp v. Ohio | law case. In Encyclopædia Britannica
. https://www.britannica.com/event/Mapp-v-Ohio
Ashenmiller, J. (2019). Gideon v. Wainwright | Summary, Result, Significance, & Facts. In Encyclopædia Britannica
. https://www.britannica.com/event/Gideon-v-Wainwright
Cornell Law School. (2020). Furman v. Georgia (1972)
. LII / Legal Information Institute. https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/furman_v_georgia_%281972%29
Team, C. (2017, April 16). Gregg v. Georgia - Case Summary and Case Brief. Legal Dictionary. https://legaldictionary.net/gregg-v-georgia/
Roper v. Simmons - Case Summary and Case Brief
. (2017, April 16). Legal Dictionary. https://legaldictionary.net/roper-v-simmons/
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