Chapter 18 Review Questions
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The American Yawp
Chapter 18 – Industrial America
1. In the late nineteenth century, which American city had the largest meat processing industry?
a. Chicago
b. New York
c. St. Louis
d. Dallas
[A] Page 57, Paragraph 2, Also considered America’s butcher city, the City of Chicago had a district which was the countries largest meat processing center.
2. How did railroads transform the American economy?
a. Created a new white color middle class of managers
b. Inspired the development of organized labor to meet the needs of a permanent
working class
c. Increased the role of government in the economy
d. All of the above
[D] Pages 59-60, Through Abraham Lincolns legislation granting subsides to the growing railroads linking rural and urban markets, sparked the unification of farm to city industries. 3. Which census first revealed that a majority of Americans were living in cities
a. 1880
b. 1900
c. 1910
d. 1920
[D] Page 62, Paragraph 1, Due to the influx of immigrants coming from European countries which caused the rise in urban America living. 4. By 1890, in most large northern cities, immigrants and their children amounted to what
percent of the population?
a. 20%
b. 33%
c. 50%
d. 60%
[D] Page 63, Paragraph 1, Many migrants flooded to larger cities based off of labor needs in the factories.
5. All the following groups provided cultural space for immigrants to maintain their arts,
languages, and traditions EXCEPT
a. Rotary clubs
b. Workmen’s clubs
c. Mutual-aid societies
d. Parish churches
[A] Page 63, Paragraph 1. Through these societies’ immigrants were able to have a better transition into American while preserving their culture. 6. Immigrant Americans tended to vote for which political party?
a. Democratic Party
b. Republican Party
c. Progressive Party
d. Immigrant voters were nearly equally divided in their party allegiance
[A] Page 63, paragraph 2, Political parties often acted as mutual aid societies. The democratic party appealed to the needs of the immigrants, outlining the terrible living conditions. 7. All of the following statements regarding the boosters of the New South are true EXCEPT
a. They saw economic independence as a means of limiting connections between
North and South
b. They embraced industrialization as a tool to encourage economic development
c. They were exclusively white and sought to maintain the racial status quo
d. They sought to move away from the South’s dependence on cotton, believing that
agricultural diversification would lead to economic development
[C] Page 65, Section IV, Paragraph 1, The south was trying to boost its image to the northern states, after their loss during the Civil War and reconstruction period. On the outside their goals
of rebuilding the south looked good, but the “New South” was just smoke and mirrors to the soon to be Jim Crow Laws. 8. From 1880 to 1950, approximately _______ African Americans were murdered by white
mobs.
a. 139
b. 345
c. 870
d. 5,000
[D] Page 66, Paragraph 1, Although a “New South”, under the Jim Crow laws, white Americans had the authority to do justified killings known as lynching.
9. ________________, wrote an influential book, Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases
and helped inspire the anti-lynching movement.
a. Ida Tarbell
b. Ida B. Wells
c. Lincoln Steffens
d. Booker T. Washington
[B] Page 67, Paragraph 4, Having experienced the loss of three friends due to lynching mobs and forming an alliance with black activist and while supporters sparked the anti-lynch movement.
10. What tactics were used to disenfranchise black voters?
a. Poll taxes
b. Literacy tests
c. Violence and intimidation
d. All of the above
[D} Page 68, Paragraph 2, While segregating Black Americans from public facilities and transportation, they also instilled hate by passing laws that would prevent every black American
the right to cast their vote. 11. What was the Lost Cause?
a. A belief that the South could never have won the war because northern soldiers
exerted greater virtue and courage
b. A glorification of the memory of the Confederacy and a romanticization of the Old
South as a pastoral land with benevolent masters and happy slaves
c. The belief among northerners that southerners would never accept racial equality
d. All of the above
[B] Page 69, Paragraph 2, The south completely justified their racial hatred by painting a grand picture of faithful southern wives, loyal slaves, and who fought for their homes and not to continue slavery. 12. What was the most important aspect of the southern economy in the late nineteenth and
early twentieth centuries?
a. Agriculture
b. Textile mills
c. Tobacco production
d. Furniture making
[A] Page 70, Paragraph 2, Although industries such as tobacco, mills, and furniture making played a key role in the growing south economy. Agriculture mainly cotton, was the most important aspect.
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13. What was the “tainted money debate?”
a. A widely publicized debate between Pennsylvania Senate candidates that questioned
whether American industrial development damaged American liberty
b. The decision whether the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
would accept a large donation by John D. Rockefeller
c. The title of a series of essays written by Jacob Riis that exposed corruption in New
York City government
d. Debates over whether the United States currency should be backed by the gold
standard
[B] Page 72, Paragraphs 1&2, This debate brought up many questions about how millionaire Americans could use their power of financial wealth towards religion and capitalism, potentially
forcing religious figures to support a certain group.
14. Which of the following statements regarding “muscular Christianity” are true:
a. Motivated by a fear that the country had become a nation of emasculated men
b. Sought to stiffen young men’s’ backbones by putting them in touch with their primal
manliness
c. Built summer camps and gymnasiums where young American men could strengthen
their bodies and spirits
d. All of the above
[D] Page 75, Paragraph 1, Due to the fear that American men were losing their masculinity by taking jobs behind desk and not in factories or farms. Organizations such as the YMCA was formed to bring men back to their primal state. 15. Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms?
a. Charlotte Perkins Gilman
b. Kate Chopin
c. Both of these
d. Neither of these
[C] Page 74, Paragraph 2, Although separated by location Kate Chopin being from the South, both shared the same feminist views against the gender norms in the Victorian age.
How did Chicago represent industrial America?
Chicago represented industrial America by becoming the major hub for the meat industry, that was connected through the railroad system. Cattle raised from Texas ranches would be transported to Chicago than distributed to many cities in the east. Due to the vast network of meat transportation that Chicago has adopted, led to the growing of a new class of managers, and sparked the development of organized labor between rural and urban America. (Pages 59-
60).
How did the era of industrialization transform American culture?
American culture transformed in many ways during the industrialization era, however, the greatest affect it had was the major influx of immigrants into the United States in search of better opportunities. American cities became melting pots of Europeans and Natural born citizens. During the 1920 census, for the first time it showed that majority of Americans were living in urban areas, this showed that rural America was diminishing. Industrialization also brought a voice and expression to American women, while having the ability go against the gender norm of that era.