US History II Touchstone 4 1.27.2024
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Feb 20, 2024
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Name: Ashley Benningfield
Date: 01/27/2024
US History II Touchstone 4: Thinking Like a Historian Template
Complete the following template, including all parts. Fill out all cells using complete sentences. Part 1: Change Over Time
Write down your selected topic and time period.
U.S. Society and Culture, 1940-1990
Identify and describe something within your topic that changed over the selected time period, using specific historical evidence. (5-6 sentences)
The evolution of gender roles and expectations was one major shift in American society and culture between 1940
and 1990. The "Baby Boom" generation emerged in the years following World War II, and this led to a change in the expectations society had for women. The conventional view of women as homemakers was maintained in the 1950s, but these roles were questioned
in the 1960s and 1970s when the feminist movement gained traction. The feminist movement began with the release of Betty Friedan's "The Feminine Mystique," a foundational work that criticized the constrained roles that
women may play and sparked a push for gender equality in 1963. The Women's Liberation Movement, the establishment of the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966, and the adoption of Title IX in 1972—
which outlawed gender-based discrimination in education
—were the pinnacles of this change. These discoveries laid the foundation for continuing conversations about gender roles and expectations in the decades that followed, marking a substantial societal shift toward acknowledging and addressing gender inequities.
Identify and describe something within your topic that stayed the same
over the selected time The continuing influence of popular culture, especially as it relates to television, was one facet of American society and culture that did not change much between 1940 and 1990. In America, television spread like wildfire in the
period, using specific historical evidence. (5-6 sentences)
1950s and went on to influence morals and cultural standards for many years to come. Television programs that captivated a wide range of viewers, such as "I Love Lucy" in the 1950s, "The Twilight Zone" in the 1960s, and
"MAS*H" in the 1970s and 1980s, demonstrated the medium's persistent influence on culture. Furthermore, music, fashion, and cultural trends were all widely spread
thanks in large part to television. Renowned musical performances, like Elvis Presley's visits on "The Ed Sullivan Show," showed how the medium could promote and elevate particular cultural expressions. Furthermore, television's influence on national dialogues and perspectives was highlighted by televised events like the moon landing in 1969 and political debates.
Part 2: Context, Causality, and Contingency
Write down the title of the primary source you selected from the Touchstone 4 Primary Source List, and paste the
weblink here. NOTE: Submissions that discuss a primary source that is not on the provided list will be returned ungraded.
Police Report on Arrest of Rosa Parks, 1955:
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/596074
Describe what is happening in the source. (5-6 sentences)
The event that precipitated the Montgomery Bus Boycott and turned into a crucial turning point in the Civil Rights Movement is documented in the police report on Rosa Parks' 1955 arrest. Rosa Parks, an African American lady, was jailed on December 1, 1955, for refusing to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama to a white man. The circumstances surrounding her arrest, the charges brought against her, and any interactions
she may have had with law enforcement are probably all covered in detail in the police report.
Parks was arrested for defying the racist seating regulations in place at the time, and her actions also served as impetus for the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a demonstration against racial segregation on public transit. As a historical record, the police report sheds light on the circumstances surrounding Parks' detention and highlights the bravery and tenacity of those who were instrumental in the fight for equality and civil rights in the US.
Describe
two
other things happening in the United States during the topic or event depicted by your source that are related to it. (5-6 sentences) 1.
During the 40 years between 1940 and 1990, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a milestone. The goal
of this historic law was to eradicate racial discrimination and segregation in public spaces and the workplace. President Lyndon B. Johnson signed it into law, which was a significant turning point in the fight for civil rights. In addition to addressing the concerns brought up by incidents like as Rosa Parks' arrest, the Act aimed to end entrenched racism in a number of facets of American culture, making the country more welcoming and equal.
2.
A well-known group during the Civil Rights Movement was the Southern Christian Leadership
Conference, which was established in 1957 by Martin Luther King Jr. and other notable figures. Its participation in campaigns and events like as the Montgomery Bus Boycott served to energize support for the cause and demonstrated the effectiveness of group, nonviolent action in the fight for racial equality. Describe two
things that happened in an earlier
time period that led to what is depicted in your source. Explain the cause/effect relationship. (5-6 sentences) 1.Millions of African Americans moved from the rural South to the cities in the North during the Great Migration, which took place between the early 20th century and the 1970s, in an effort to escape Jim Crow segregation and pursue better economic prospects. The demography of urban areas were dramatically changed by this mass movement, resulting in the emergence of
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thriving African American communities in places like Chicago, Detroit, and New York. Urban centers became centers of political and social activism, and the flood of people with varied experiences and backgrounds set the stage for a more forceful and coordinated civil rights movement.
2.The Harlem district of New York City served as the epicenter of the 1920s and 1930s Harlem Renaissance, a thriving artistic, social, and cultural movement. African American authors, composers, artists, and thinkers celebrated and articulated their cultural identity during this time. Within the African American community, the Renaissance promoted a positive self-image and a sense
of pride and solidarity while dispelling racial prejudices.
Describe two
things that happened in a later time period as a result of what is depicted in your source.
Explain the cause/effect relationship. (5-6 sentences)
1. The brave act of disobedience by Rosa Parks and the ensuing Montgomery Bus Boycott served as a catalyst for the Civil Rights Movement. President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law, which prohibited discrimination on the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin and attempted to eliminate racial segregation in public areas. The demand for voting rights was further driven by the Civil Rights Movement's success, which included activism inspired by
Rosa Parks. The cause-and-effect link illustrates how Parks' imprisonment serves as an example of grassroots activism.
2.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott and Rosa Parks' act of civil disobedience had a significant influence on public opinion and cultural attitudes. The Civil Rights Movement
was aided in gaining support by the extensive media coverage of the boycott and the nonviolent protests called for by activists such as Martin Luther King Jr.
Part 3: Complexity and Reflection
Were you able to think of Of course, there were more than two causes or effects of
more than two things that led to or resulted from the
topic or event depicted in your source? How did you
choose which things to write about? (5-6 sentences)
the Rosa Parks arrest and the Montgomery Bus Boycott that I mentioned in my previous response. The factors that were picked were chosen to present a thorough understanding of the historical background and the wider effects of these events on American society and culture between 1940 and 1990. I thought about their historical significance, their immediate connection to the Civil Rights Movement, and their influence on later developments while deciding which elements to emphasize. The African American community's sense of solidarity, cultural pride, and political consciousness were bolstered by earlier influences such as the Great Migration and the Harlem Renaissance, which laid the groundwork for the later, more forceful civil rights movement. To demonstrate the direct influence of grassroots activism
on policy changes, I concentrated on legislative landmarks like the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 for later developments. I also talked about the shift in cultural views and public opinion, highlighting how important it was for incidents like Rosa Parks' arrest to dispel prejudices and promote a more accepting society.
How can you apply these skills of historical thinking to your daily life? (5-6 sentences) Gaining knowledge of historical ideas can be useful in day-to-day situations. A critical component of historical comprehension, perspective-taking facilitates the negotiation of opposing points of view in interpersonal and professional contexts. Using chronological reasoning to prioritize and arrange tasks helps people manage their time well. Cause-and-effect relationship analysis improves problem-solving skills and facilitates a deeper comprehension of consequences. A key component of historical thinking is the critical appraisal of evidence, which is useful in identifying trustworthy information in a variety of settings, from news stories to casual discussions. Last but not least, putting continuity and change theory into practice encourages flexibility,
empowering people to deal with changing situations and see how the past has shaped the present.
Checklist for Success:
❒ Did you complete all sections of the Thinking Like a Historian template?
❒ Did you choose a primary source from the provided list for Part 2?
❒ Did you review the grading rubric and compare it to your responses?
❒ Did you review the sample submission to see an example of a completed assignment? ❒ Did you proofread your work for proper grammar, punctuation, spelling, and capitalization?
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