Chapter 20 Review Questions

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The American Yawp Chapter 20 – The Progressive Era 1. How did progressive Democrats in the South seek to solve the problems of racial strife? a. Advocating for equal access to education for all b. Seeking to dismantle Jim Crow laws c. Legislating segregation d. All of the above [C] page 129, paragraph 1, Democrat candidates in the South often kicked the racial beehive by sending fear of Black dominance throughout the white community, often leading to lynching and voting intimidation. 2. How did southern reformers seek to combat corruption? a. Disenfranchising black voters b. Invoking the Fifteenth Amendment in legal cases c. Passing campaign finance reform d. Southern reformers did not show a concern with corruption [A] page 128, Section VI, paragraph 1, Southern reformers vision for combatting corruption was through disenfranchising black voters. This would single out the black population by forcing literacy test, and ballot taxing. This put the white southerners at ease of the treat of black dominance. 3. In the election of 1896, 130,000 black Louisianans voted. In 1900 the number was _____________. a. 158,450 b. 139,482 c. 53,459 d. 5,320 [D] page, 130, paragraph 2, Through the disenfranchised law which required voters to take literacy test and pay a tax to vote eliminated the black voters in the South. 4. Which of the following definition best describes the work of muckrakers? a. Investigative journalists b. Organized crime hitmen c. Social workers d. Legislators who defended lynching [A] page 112, paragraph 2, Journalist who sought to expose business owners, corruption, and low living standards of poverty was given the name of muckrakers by Roosevelt.

5. What legal principle was enshrined by the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson? a. Habeas corpus b. Separate but equal c. No taxation without representation d. Lynch law [B] page 131, paragraph 2, Having the ability to go around the constitutional rights of black Americans, small businesses found a loophole that as long as the establishment was equal, they would allow to than separate by race. 6. Theodore Roosevelt first gained fame as a trustbuster by attacking which monopoly in 1902? a. Standard Oil b. Northern Securities c. J.P. Morgan Chase d. General Electric [B] page 124, paragraph 2, Roosevelt targeted the Northern Securities Company which held many wealthy banker’s controlling shares. 7. Why did so many die in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? a. Unsafe working conditions b. Racial violence c. Corrupt law enforcement d. Union protests [A] page 110, Section II, paragraph 1, Both owners of the factory chained the doors to ensure unauthorized breaks were taken. The owners were able to escape the fire but left behind over 200 women in the factory to burn alive or jump to their deaths. 8. Who advocated racial accomodationism? a. W.E.B. DuBois b. Booker T. Washington c. Eugene Debs d. Ida B. Wells [B] page 133, paragraph 1, Booker T. Washington was a pioneer during the fight for civil rights, however, was ridiculed on his belief that Black Americans could still be socially separated and co-exist with White Americans. Many opposed this belief such as W.E.B DuBois. 9. Which of the following best describes the Social Gospel? a. The belief that Christ would return to Earth in the next decade b. A theological defense of segregation c. A religious of temperance activists d. The goal of saving society as well as souls [D] page 114, paragraph 2, this movement brought light to protestants that there is power in helping the community rather than to be focused on just individual’s family, and their church that they attend.

10. W. E. B. Du Bois, founder the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, broke with his former mentor Booker T. Washington because, Du Bois believed that Washington _______. a. Was not bold enough b. Was too radical c. Was corrupt and immoral d. Lacked the skills to organize a large movement [A] page 135, paragraph 1, Du Bois unlike Washington, urged that black Americans fight for equal rights under the law, not to settle for any compromise, and not surrender to white supremacy. 11. All of the following statements regarding the National Women’s Party are true EXCEPT a. Led by Alice Paul b. Picketed the White House c. Advocated violent resistance to sexism d. Over 150 members were arrested and imprisoned [D] page 120, paragraph 3, Alice Paul pushed for a more forceful means to get woman’s suffrage across that inspired thousands of women. Leading to President Woodward Wilson declaring his support for the movements. 12. All of the following were candidates in the 1912 presidential election EXCEPT a. Woodrow Wilson b. Theodore Roosevelt c. William Howard Taft d. Al Smith [D] page 124-125, paragraph 4, All three candidates used trustbusting to win the election, however, Woodrow Wilson emphasized on smaller business incentives. 13. Which of the following writers most effectively used photography in their work? a. Upton Sinclair b. Jacob Riis c. Edward Bellamy d. Ida B. Wells [B] page 112, paragraph 3, By showing the country how the other side (poverty) was living and working not only by empowering messages, with photography. His point of view to the public led to housing reform in many cities.

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14. Which of the following environmental thinkers advocated preservation rather than conservation? a. John Miur b. Gifford Pinchot c. Alice Hamilton d. All of the above [A] page 126, paragraph 1, Miur advocated for setting aside land for the sake of industrialist to not destroy based on the land’s aesthetic and spiritual value. 15. Which of the following statements regarding Jane Addams’ activism are true? a. Spoke out against militarism b. Created an influential settlement home in Chicago c. Favored cooperation between the rich and the poor d. All of the above [D] pages 117-119, Women’s activist Jane Addams spoke out against militarism by using her work in the anti-imperialism during the Spanish-American war. She also established a home in Chicago after being inspired by English Homes on her world tour. Addams’ like many other activists favored more towards cooperation between rich and poor based off the conditions they were forced to adhere to. What is meant by the name “The Gilded Age,” and what did this mean to workers in the US? The Gilded Age brought great fortunes to many American industries as well as great poverty and hardship. One tragedy that stuck out that I believe is a true representation of the Gilded Age is the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire of 1911. With the owners of the factory fleeing and leaving behind over 200 women workers shows how poor conditions of factories were and the mistreatment of their employees. Even with protest a year prior to the fire for higher pay and safer working conditions, the common practice of chaining doors so workers cannot take unwanted breaks led to the total loss of that tragedy. Workers in the Gilded age were merely considered numbers than actual humans. Although industrialization was booming and companies began making fortunes while monopolizing, the treatment of the working class was surrounded in unfair treatment. (page 110, section II, paragraph 1.)

What were the main motivations and goals of American progressives? Due to many years of unfair treatment in the urban industrialization cities, many organizations began to bring awareness and further fight for equal rights among the working class. Gender unfairness that came in the forms of voting, and working the factories sparked many rises to bring gender equality. Unfortunately, this meant that many black women were not able to join the activist groups. Motivations and goals came from many suffering’s that manifested into social justice for all Americans. Racial leaders such as Booker T. Washington and W.E.B DuBois fought for racial equality and justice even under the rule of Jim Crow Laws. As well as women leaders like Alice Paul, who fought for the same rights as men. The American progressives fought for fairness for the people and the environment. (pg 112, paragraph 3) (pg 132, paragraph 2).

Chapter 20 Review Questions

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