Hist 112- Essay 2 Manche
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War and Revolution (1900-1950): Navigating Ideological Shifts, Traditions, and the
Ambivalence Towards Modernity
Erika Manche
History 112: Making the Modern World
Professor Andrew Reeves
February 5, 2024
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In examining the documents from ‘the Way of the World’ by Robert W. Strayer covering the period from 1900 to 1950, it becomes clear that the ideas presented during the war and revolution were undeniably revolutionary, challenging established norms and power structures. The rejection and acceptance of various aspects of modern life, intricately woven into these ideas, illustrate the intricate nature of the war and revolution, as portrayed throughout the reading
and working with evidence section. Delving into revolutionary nature of ideas presented in the documents, exploring the extent to which they challenged established norms while acknowledging their roots in long-standing traditions.
In the turbulent period from 1900 to 1950, war and revolution reshaped the global landscape, giving rise to ideologies that both challenged established traditions, and in some cases, drew upon historical foundations. Analyzing documents in the working with evidence section, it is evident that revolutionary concepts emerged, challenging traditional power structures and advocating for profound societal transformations. A letter from Adolf Hitler states “The highest purpose of the folkish state is therefore concern for the preservation of those original cultural-bestowing racial elements that create the beauty and dignity of higher humanity.
We, as Aryans, conceive of the state simply as the living organism of a nation that not only ensures the preservation of the nation, but through the development of its spiritual and intellectual abilities leads it to the highest freedom.…” 1
Adolf Hitlers ideologies stood as particularly consequential during this period of time, representing significant and far-reaching influence on the events that unfolded. His radical beliefs shaped the events that unfolded during this time. “All great cultures of the past collapsed 1
Robert W. Strayer and Eric W. Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources, 5
th
ed.
(Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s/MacMillan Learning, 2022), 915.
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only because the originally creative race died off from the poisoning of their blood.…”
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Hitler’s notions in his speeches were revolutionary in their sinister embrace of racist ideologies and totalitarianism. His ideas deviated sharply from established norms, leading to catastrophic consequences such as the Holocaust and World War II. The voice of Beth A. Griech-Polelle stated “In this “Us” vs “Them” world, insiders are told that their very existence is threatened by an enemy who seeks to define, pollute, and destroy the coherence of “us.” The threatening imagery of “the Jew” … was built up over the course of centuries.” 3
furthermore, Griech-Polelle
said “Images of the “diabolical, cunning” Jew could be used to instill fear and anxiety and could serve as an explanation as to why an average German person felt stymied in their personal and professional development. They were told repeatedly that the enemy, the Jew, was standing in their way of creating a peaceful harmonious society.… In order for the German people to live, Jews had to die.…”
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As these ideas unfolded, they engaged with various aspects of modern life, reflecting both acceptance and rejection. The embrace of industrialization, technology, and modern warfare
strategies during the World Wars exemplified the acceptance of certain areas of modernity. Simultaneously, anti-colonial movements rejected imperialistic structures asserting the right to self-determination for nations. This relationship with modernity underscores the multifaceted nature of the era, where revolutionary ideas navigated the complexities of tradition and the evolving changes of the new world. 2
Strayer and Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources
, 915.
3
Strayer and Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources
, 920.
4
Strayer and Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources
, 920.
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Bibliography
Robert W. Strayer and Eric W. Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources, 5
th
ed.
(Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s/MacMillan Learning, 2022), 915.
Robert W. Strayer and Eric W. Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources, 5
th
ed.
(Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s/MacMillan Learning, 2022), 915.
Robert W. Strayer and Eric W. Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources, 5
th
ed.
(Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s/MacMillan Learning, 2022), 920.
Robert W. Strayer and Eric W. Nelson, Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources, 5
th
ed.
(Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s/MacMillan Learning, 2022), 920