AGR Lecture Note 1

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School

University of Guelph *

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1350

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Health Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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3

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AGR Lecture Notes- Jan 23 rd Dry Cow Diet 65% of diet is forage (corn silage and haylage) Protein is lower Rumen completely full of feed right before birth for energy sources when they calve and go off feed Standard Milk - 150 Days in Milk - 4% butterfat - 3.3% protein Sand bedding does not grow bacteria (inorganic) - Organic materials can cause mastitis and other health issues Facilities 1.) Pack Bedding (more room to move around, not brush against metal as much ect) 2.) Free stall (mostly consumer and animal welfare driven) 3.) Tie stall (popular in Quebec (60% in Canada) January 30 th PROACTION PROGRAM (modules created in 2015) Health Management - Promote optimal health - Promote animal welfare - Promote human and food safety o High milk quality o All milk is pasteurized (low temp low amt of time) Biosecurity Environment - Proper drug disposal - Grazing practices - Manure management - Carcass disposal Feeding lush grass causes a major increase in crude protein in milk and urine and the runoff of that increases the nitrogen level in nearby watersheds. Rumen is at its largest size about 5-6 months. Therefore, causing a negative energy balance in early lactation.
Early life programming How early stress and stimuli affect calves February 1 st Notes IgG -> Immunoglobulin G When raised in groups, calves… - Eat more starter - Calves that are braver and can deal with stress produce more milk February 8 th Notes Peak feed intake for a cow after calving around month 4 of lactation Speeding up blood flow to the mammary gland= increased milk production Milk fever usually only happens 3 rd lactation and after 1kg decrease at peak lactation = 200kg decrease in milk production for the lactation Reduction in dry matter intake spikes NEFA (Non-esterified fatty acid) NEFA-> triglycerides in the liver (fatty liver= bad) Friday Feb 10 th Notes Stocking density too high for transition cows Monday Feb 13 th Notes Milk production Cow-> water buffalo-> goat-> sheep
DRY Far off Dry ~3 weeks Close up Dry 3 weeks CALVING Fresh 2 weeks
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