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Medical Terminology – Lesson 4 Lesson 4 - Assignment 4 September 21 st , 2023 Medical Terminology – Assignment 4 In the medical field, there are for basic elements of a word. They are word root, prefix, suffix, and combining form. These four parts are essential components to understand and determine the meaning of medical terms. Every word has a main foundation. Word root is like the backbone of a word. It is the core part of a word that provides the primary meaning. An example is “cardi”, which is the word root in the word cardiology. It means relating to the study of the heart. The word root may indicate a body part or body system. The medical word may just be a root or it may be a combination of elements parts. Prefixes are the part of a word that is added in the beginning of a word. Most prefixes in medical terms are the same used in ordinary English words. Such as pre and post, which means before and after. The prefix can provide a specific event or condition. And example is “hypertension”, which the prefix is hyper. Hyper in hypertension means above normal or excessive or high blood pressure. According to James and Bartlett learning Medical Terminology – Prefix & Suffix, “Sometimes you need to reason out a meaning that is not quite the prefix plus the root but is a meaning that makes sense.” Meaning a prefix alone may not make sense without

the word root. Suffixes are the part of a word that is attached at the end of a word. This usually indicates the type of condition or a procedure in medical terminology. Suffixes can alter the meaning of medical terms. It is important to spell and pronounce suffixes correctly. An example is “appendectomy”, which the prefix is “ectomy”. The meaning of the word is removal of the appendix and the suffix meaning is surgical removal. Combining forms are word roots that combine with a vowel. The vowel “o” is most used in medical terminology. This allows the joining of different word parts together. This will also ease the pronunciation of the word. For example, the combining form “gastr/o” represents the stomach. When it is combined with the word root “ enter/o” and with the suffix “ - logist,” it becomes Gastroenterologist . All parts together, the word means a healthcare specialist who studies and treats disorders of the stomach and intestines. This allows the easy pronunciation and break down to understand. The phonetic spelled pronunciation guide is a tool that is very valuable in correctively pronouncing medical terms and/or phrases. This tool assists at promoting accurate communication. Pronouncing medical terms can prevent any misunderstandings by breaking down the complex terms. Mispronouncing certain medical terms can cause severe consequences. The term “tachycardia” means an abnormally fast heart beat. If tachycardia is mispronounced can lead to misunderstandings in triaging a patient’s cardiac condition. Possible even affecting appropriate treatment conditions. The term “anemia” means a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin. Mispronouncing anemia can possibly cause a misunderstanding in evaluating a patient’s blood-related condition, which may result in inadequate diagnoses and unresolved

symptoms. The term “hemorrhage” signifies excessive bleeding. If pronounced incorrectly, it may result in to a failure to diagnose the severity of the bleeding. That can lead to possible complications for the patient. Mispronouncing some medical terms can cause significant effects on a patient’s care. Using the phonetic spelled guide is crucial for efficient healthcare and accurate assessments to ensure the best treatment decisions for patients. It will also prevent medical professionals in misunderstanding the body systems. The cardiovascular system is a very important system in the human body. It has many responsibilities, such as transporting oxygen, hormones, and other essential substances from throughout the body. The cardiovascular system consists of the blood, the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart is the central organ that contracts and relaxes to circulate blood throughout the whole body. In the heart there is for chambers: left and right atria and left and right ventricles. The atria get blood returning to the heart and the ventricles pump out blood from the heart. The blood is a particular fluid with the blood vessels. It consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Blood vessels form a unique group of tubes that transfer blood to all different parts of the body. The three types of blood vessels are the veins, arteries, and capillaries. The cardiovascular system works together to perform important functions. The functions are oxygen and nutrient delivery, deoxygenating and waste removal, regulating the body’s temperature, and defending the immune system. If this system has any part that does not work, the body can get ill. Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) are some illnesses related to the cardiovascular system. Hypertension occurs where the pressure of blood against the artery walls

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pumps really high all the time. If the is left untreated, hypertension can cause crucial heart conditions. Even complications such as heart attacks, stroke, and possible kidney problems. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a disease where the coronary arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart, turns narrow or even blocked due to buildup of plaque. CAD can lead to chest pain, heart attacks, and heart failure. These illness pinpoints the importance of maintaining a good healthy cardiovascular system. So, keeping a good immune system, picking the right lifestyle choices, exercising, stress less, and a decent balanced diet is crucial the body.