Diploma of Nursing

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U.E.T Taxila *

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6552

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Health Science

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Nov 24, 2024

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docx

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11

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Question 13 Outline five (5) potential health issues that may relate to her environment and socio- cultural background. Here are five potential health issues: 1. Respiratory Diseases Issues: People may be at risk of acquiring respiratory problems like asthma, chronic bronchitis, or other respiratory ailments if they live in places with high levels of indoor allergens or air pollution. 2. Circulatory Diseases: This elements, including nutrition and lifestyle decisions, might raise the risk of cardiac diseases such hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. 3. Psychological Disorders: Society and cultural issues, such as the negative perceptions associated with mental illness or trauma exposure, can have an effect on a person's mental health and contribute to disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, or depression. 4. Nutritional Deficiencies: People from certain sociocultural backgrounds might not have as much access to nutrient-rich foods, which could result in a lack of important vitamins and minerals, which can have a variety of negative health effects. 5. Bacterial Diseases: Climate variables, particularly in places with poor sanitation and healthcare facilities, might affect the prevalence of infectious diseases, such as waterborne illnesses or vector-borne infections. Question 14 Based on the potential health issues identified in question 13, a) determine three (3) health goals for Maali b) provide one (1) intervention for each health goal, and c) Outline members of the MDT who can assist Maali, and what support they could offer. a) determine three (3) health goals for Maali 1. Establish and Sustain a Balanced Weight : Getting overweight or obese enhances your chance of developing a variety of health problems, including as coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, some types of cancer, and more. On the other hand, being underweight has its own set of health hazards. As a result, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight might be a key health objective. 2. Consistent Practical Activity: Making a commitment to engage in physical activity on the majority of days of the week can help lower the risk of developing chronic diseases, enhance balance and coordination, support healthy weight maintenance, and enhance general wellbeing. 3. Healthy Living Eating: Maintaining a nutritious, well-balanced diet can be another significant health objective. This entails increasing your intake of fresh produce, whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and lean proteins while reducing your consumption of refined products, high-sugar foods, and fats that are not healthy. Remember that you should develop goals that are both attainable and reasonable.
b) provide one (1) intervention for each health goal 1. Health goal: Establish and Sustain a Balanced Weight Intervention: Conscious eating and Control of Portion An effective technique for managing weight is to practice portion control and be conscious of what and how much you consume. At the outset, serve food on smaller plates and bowls to promote lesser quantities. You might feel full and satisfied with less food if you chew your food carefully and savour each bite. Keeping your attention diverted while eating, such as by watching TV or using your phone, might result in overeating. You may monitor your eating patterns and find opportunities for improvement by keeping a food journal. 2. Health goal: Consistent Practical Activity Intervention: Establish a Regular Workout Plan: Organize and time consistent exercise every day of the week. Pick enjoyable exercises like walking, running, pedaling a bike, or singing. Look for one hour of severe cardio or at least a half-hour of moderate aerobic exercise per week, spread out across multiple days. Include strength training for the main muscle groups two or more times a week as well. A well- planned exercise regimen might assist you in maintaining stability and passion. 3. Health goal: Healthy Living Eating Intervention: The preparation of meals and wholesome eating To avoid relying on poor food options when you're busy or weary, prepare and portion balanced meals and snacks in advance. Plan your meals to incorporate a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean meats, and whole grains, plus a balance of other nutrients. Maintain a supply of nutritious snacks, such as yoghurt, nuts, or diced fruit, so that you won't be tempted by bad choices also make an effort to consume fewer sugary beverages in favour of water or other unrefined drinks. c) Outline members of the MDT who can assist Maali, and what support they could offer. MDT Members Assist Support Physicians Provides professional medical advice and care for particular medical issues. To properly identify diseases, doctors do thorough medical examinations and diagnostic procedures. They make diagnoses and give information about the patient's health using their knowledge and experience in medicine. Dietitian Delivers nutritional evaluations and guidance for encouraging wholesome eating practices. Makes custom meal programs for patients with particular dietary requirements or medical
problems. Social worker Offers support for social and emotional needs. Helps patients in finding local services and resources. Pharmacist Medication reviews help guarantee safe and effective medication use. Supporters with the healthcare team to support recipients with pharmaceutical counselling. Nurses Assists in the care and instruction of patients. As instructed by doctors, supervises medication and carries out medical operations. Following the patient's development and informing the medical staff of any changes. Psychiatrist, Psychologist Assists in tackling psychological difficulties including anxiety, depressive symptoms, or concentration. Represents those who are struggling with psychological difficulties counselling and support. Professional therapist Assists patients in restoring the abilities required for daily tasks and employment. Therapists carry out in- depth examinations to comprehend the client's worries, symptoms, and difficulties. They apply their knowledge to make accurate diagnoses of mental health issues and to gain a thorough understanding of the client's psychological state. Question 15 Provide one (1) community resource that will assist Maali for each of the goals listed below. Consider in your response Maali’s cultural background and the accessibility to resources in her community. Your response should include 1-2 sentences for each organisation explaining how they can assist Maali to reach the planned goal. 1. Weight loss. 2. Smoking cessation. 3. Healthy eating. 4. Chronic disease management. 5. Health education Community resource Response 1 Weight loss Gardening in the One can take cooking workshops
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community and culinary workshops that teach healthy cooking methods in addition to a community garden programme that encourages culturally appropriate fruits and vegetables. This site gives them a supply of vegetables that are fresh and useful information to help them in their weight loss efforts. 2 Smoking cessation Group for Smoking Cessation Promote Adapted to Culture Can enroll in a group of support run by counsellors who are proficient in their unique difficulties and is culturally adjusted to their needs. This group gives information to assist people in effectively quitting smoking as well as a secure environment to exchange experiences. 3 Healthy eating Nutritional workshops and cultural cuisine cooperatives To make it simpler to include traditional foods in a balanced diet, one can join a cultural food union that sources culturally diverse, healthful food selections and nutrition seminars can teach people how to honour their national food history while making healthy decisions. 4 Chronic disease management Multiculturalism medical Centre with translators A patient can go to a linguistic medical facility where the staff members are in touch in their native tongue along with their cultural values. To help patients manage their health conditions efficiently, this clinic offers individualized care, chronic illness management programmes, and culturally competent education. 5 Health education Healthcare Right for the Community with Language Services The individual can go to an area healthcare fair that offers numerous workshops and screenings for health education. They can completely engage in
learning about health topics that are pertinent to their cultural background if interpretation services are made available. Question no:16 Review the factors impacting the health of indigenous population in Australia. a) Provide three (3) cultural and three (2) social factors affecting the health of an Indigenous person. b) Outline three (3) cultural safety strategies you could use to assist in building a therapeutic relationship with Maali. c) Provide three (3) communication strategies that would be appropriate to use while you support Maali. a) Provide three (3) cultural and three (2) social factors affecting the health of an Indigenous person. Cultural Factors 1 Identification in Tradition and Relationship to Land The wellbeing of Indigenous Australians depends on their strong sense of cultural identity. Losing one's identity, sense of community, and sense of belonging as a result of being uprooted from ancestral lands and cultural practices due to colonization and forced assimilation can have detrimental impacts on the way a person feels and thinks. 2 Healthcare Obstacles Based on Culture There may be cultural obstacles that restrict some Native Australians from receiving healthcare. Language problems, a lack of cultural awareness on the part of healthcare professionals, and a predilection for conventional treatments can all contribute to this. Inaction on these cultural issues can result in mistrust of healthcare authorities and impede health care search activities. 3 Trauma across generations Within Indigenous communities, intergenerational trauma has been caused by the legacy of historical injustices, such as the forced removal of children from families (Stolen Generations), displacement, and discrimination. Substance misuse, mental health conditions, and other health difficulties can all be influenced by this trauma. Social Factors 1 Social issues that affect health In distant Indigenous communities, conditions including poor sanitation, lack of access to clean
water, and crowded housing can raise the risk of contracting infectious diseases. Health inequities are also influenced by differences in access to resources, work opportunities, and education. 2 Economic and Social Consequences Indigenous Australians frequently have greater rates of poverty, unemployment, and restricted access to healthcare and educational opportunities. Their capacity to afford wholesome food, secure housing, and access high-quality healthcare may be impacted by these Economic status seems to differences, which could result in greater incidence of persistent illnesses and lower quality of life. b) Outline three (3) cultural safety strategies you could use to assist in building a therapeutic relationship with Maali. Strategies for Promoting Cultural Safety in Therapeutic Relationships 1. Cultural Understanding and Be modest : By continuing your knowledge on Indigenous histories, cultures, and experiences, you can develop your cultural sensitivity as a healthcare worker. Approach conversations with cultural humility, admitting that you don't fully understand the other person's culture and being willing to acquire knowledge from others. 2. Interaction that is culturally safe: Avoid technical and assume others are conversant with cultural conventions; instead, speak in a courteous and inclusive manner. Allow the person to express themselves in a secure and non-threatening setting by actively listening to their experiences and worries without passing judgement. c)Provide three (3) communication strategies that would be appropriate to use while you support Maali. 1 Method that is interactive and strengths- oriented Develop an interactive, centered around strengths policy that took into account the ability to recover and assets of Indigenous people and the communities they live in.
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Encourage them to participate in decision- making and problem-solving so they can actively manage the quality of their lives. 2 Paying attention Actively and Acknowledgement To comprehend the person's worries and experiences, engage in active listening. Make sure they feel heard and understood by using reflective listening strategies to affirm their opinions and thoughts. 3 Independence and awareness of culture Talk about issues with cultural sensitivity, taking into account and respecting the distinct viewpoints and experiences of Indigenous people. By recognizing your own limitations and attempting to learn from the individual you are supporting, you can show cultural humility.
Question 17 Consider how you would respond to an emergency situation in the community. Provide five (5) assessments/steps that you would need to take in this situation. Prioritise your initial clinical assessment of the client and the actions that you would take, as well as who you would consult or engage. Clearly describe the decisions you would make and the reasons why you would make them. Also outline the initiating actions taken including immediate treatment. Consider how you would respond to an emergency situation in the community. Provide five (5) assessments/steps that you would need to take in this situation. Prioritize your initial clinical assessment of the client and the actions that you would take, as well as who you would consult or engage. It is essential to put the person's safety and wellbeing first in an emergency scenario and to get them the prompt medical care they need. Here are five evaluations or actions you might need to take: 1 Quick scenario Assessment: Ensure your safety and the safety of others by making a quick assessment of the emergency scenario. Find out the emergency's nature, how many people are involved, and whether any urgent threats exist. 2 Appeal for assistance If mandatory, use emergency services to ask for prompt medical attention. Give responders precise information that is both clear and succinct regarding the location, the emergency's nature, and any other relevant details. 3 Examine the victim's health Give the emergency client's initial clinical examination top priority. Verify their breathing, circulation, and responsiveness. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be started right away if the person is unconscious and not breathing regularly. 4 Turn on the town's emergency action system If your area has a plan in place, turn it on and adhere to the guidelines. To guarantee a well- coordinated response, work with other first responders or community members. 5 Connect Supportive behavior Facilities Although expecting the arrival of emergency personnel, gather any equipment or resources that might be useful in starting first aid procedures. Recruit passersby or neighborhood residents to help with crowd management, medical care, or any other pertinent responsibilities .
Clearly describe the decisions you would make and the reasons why you would make them. Also outline the initiating actions taken including immediate treatment. The first goal in a medical emergency is to quickly assess the patient's status and, if necessary, start life-saving procedures. To achieve the best outcome for the person concerned, it is imperative to maintain composure, focus, and follow the proper steps. Any immediate care that you are qualified to give, such as CPR, hemorrhage control, or airway obstruction management, should be given while you wait for qualified medical assistance. For a cohesive and successful emergency response, coordination and communication with other responders are crucial. It's important to keep in mind that these recommendations are broad in nature and may not apply to every possible emergency circumstance. For this reason, everyone who may experience emergencies should obtain the appropriate training in emergency response and first aid. Question 18 On admission to hospital, you note that Maali is not up-to-date with her immunisations. a) You need to provide details of the immunisation schedule for an indigenous person in Australia. b) As Maali has missed many of her immunisations, how would you safely update her immunisations to ensure she gets back on schedule? a) You need to provide details of the immunisation schedule for an indigenous person in Australia. Here is a general summary of the Australian Indigenous person's immunisation schedule: 1 . Birth to six weeks Hepatitis B (birth dosage) 6 weeks Hepatitis B 2 . Within two months. Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) DTPa (whooping cough). IPV (inactivated polio vaccine) 13vPCV (pneumococcal conjugate) 3 . 4 Months Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (whooping cough), Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) IPV (inactivated polio vaccine) 13vPCV (pneumococcal conjugate) 4. 6 Months Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) DTPa (whooping cough).
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IPV (inactivated polio vaccine) 13vPCV (pneumococcal conjugate) 5. 12 Months Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Meningococcal ACWY, Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR), 6. 18 Months Conjugated pneumococcal (13vPCV) Type B of the influenza virus (Hib) (MMRV) Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Whooping cough (DTPa): Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis 7. 4 years (MMR) Measles, Mumps, Rubella IPV (inactivated polio vaccine) Whooping cough (DTPa): Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis To defend against diseases that can be prevented by vaccination and to maintain one's health and well-being, it is crucial that Indigenous Australians, like everyone else, have all of their required immunizations. It is essential to alert the medical staff if a patient is not up to date on their immunizations so that the proper vaccinations can be given in accordance with national recommendations and their unique medical requirements. b) As Maali has missed many of her immunizations, how would you safely update her immunizations to ensure she gets back on schedule? 1. Obtain as much data as you can regarding the patient's prior vaccinations. Identify any gaps in the immunization schedule by reviewing vaccination records, talking about any history of prior immunizations or adverse reactions, and reviewing vaccination records . 2. To find out which vaccinations are advised given the patient's age and risk factors, see the most recent National Immunization Schedule. 3. Create a customized catch-up immunization programme based on the patient's age and immunization history. This schedule can contain any immunizations that the patient has missed or that aren't age-appropriate. 4. To make sure the chosen vaccines can be administered without causing harm, examine the patient's medical history, taking into account any underlying diseases or sensitivities. If there are any particular medical concerns, speak with the patient's doctor. 5. Maintain careful documentation of every vaccinations given, including the brand, dose, and location of administration along with the date. The patient's vaccination record will be updated, and they will be informed of the immunizations they got. 6. To finish the catch-up vaccination schedule or give extra booster doses as necessary, make any necessary follow-up visits.
It's important to keep in mind that each patient's individual immunization requirements may change according on their health, way of life, and certain risk factors. Plans for making up missed vaccinations should be customized for each patient's particular situation. To ensure that the patient obtains the proper and safest immunizations that comply with the most recent guidelines and suggestions, constantly verify with a healthcare expert or immunization provider. Refrences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305514/ https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/social-determinants-and- indigenous-health https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100151/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100151/ https://www.stlouis-mo.gov/government/departments/public- safety/emergency-management/about/Steps-of-Emergency- Management.cfm https://www.oxfam.org.au/what-we-do/indigenous-australia/close-the- gap/australias-indigenous-health-crisis-in-depth/? gad=1&gclid=Cj0KCQjwoK2mBhDzARIsADGbjeoU- 6wW89uLm_a4uzWnGUNhk46PH1- TG41O0KIpgQtxuXI4g30eP4IaArLvEALw_wcB