Agry 255 Exam 1 - Spring 2019 - final-2
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Purdue University *
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255
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Geology
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Apr 3, 2024
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VERSION A AGRY/NRES 255 and AGRY 270 - Exam 1 (version A)
Spring 2019 Name ___________________________________ Discussion Time __________________________ Discussion Leader ________________________ Short Answer Essay (50 points) 1.
Given the following sketch, identify the likely parent materials for A-G. (3.5 points) A)
______________________________________ B)
______________________________________ C)
______________________________________ D)
______________________________________ E)
______________________________________ F)
______________________________________ G)
______________________________________ 2. Give one example of residuum: _________________________________ (1 point) 3. Which has more total pore space a: [ sandy loam
OR silty clay ] (circle one)
(1 point)
- 2 - VERSION A 4. Given a 50 gram sample and a hydrometer reading of 32 g/L at 40 seconds and a reading of 10 g/L at two hours (no temperature correction needed), calculate the % sand, % silt, and % clay. Show your work! (4 points total)
a) % sand __________ b) % silt __________ c) % clay __________ 5. Given a soil sample with a moist weight of 550g, an oven dry weight of 500g, a total soil volume of 325cm
3
, and a volume of soil solids of 192cm
3
: (4 points total)
a) What is the bulk density of the soil? Show your work and
include units! (2 points)
b) What is the % pore space of the soil? Show your work! (2 points)
6. Write a legal description of the parcel of land marked X. (5 points)
_____________________________________________________2
nd
PM 6 mi
1 mi
7. You wish to purchase 50-80 acres to create a sloth preservation center. Does this plot of land meet your requirements? (1 point)
- 3 - VERSION A 8. Use the soil profile description shown to answer the following questions. (8 points total)
a)
Has the soil been plowed? b)
What is the soil’s native vegetation?
c)
What is the soil’s drainage class? d)
What is the missing master horizon (i.e., noted by ???)? e)
What is the likely missing subordinate for the B horizon (i.e., noted by B?)? f)
What does the “x” subordinate for the B horizon mean? g)
What is the soil order? h)
What is the parent material of the C horizon? A? 0 to 6 inches; dark grayish-brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; moderate, fine, granular structure; friable when moist; few worm casts; abundant roots; slightly acid; abrupt, smooth boundary. ???
6 to 9 inches; light grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; weak, platy structure; friable when moist; few roots; moderately acid; clear, smooth boundary B? 9 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common fine and medium pores; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. Bx 19 to 31 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) loam; coarse faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) mottles; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; few very fine roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; few faint clay films on prisms; 40 to 60 percent of the volume is brittle; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. C 31 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; massive; non-sorted; firm; 2 percent fine sharp gravel; thin continuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) organo-clay films lining channels and vertical cracks; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline. 9. List the 5 soil forming factors. (2.5 points) 1)
______________________________________________ 2)
______________________________________________ 3)
______________________________________________ 4)
______________________________________________ 5)
______________________________________________ 10. Eluviation describes the movement of iron and clay from
the ______ and ______ horizons while illuviation describes the movement of iron and clay into
the ______ horizon. What soil process does eluviation and illuviation describe: __________________. (2 points)
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- 4 - VERSION A 11. Consider these 3 fields in West Lafayette: A) a bare poorly drained (wet) silt loam, B) a poorly drained (wet) silt loam with straw mulch and C) a bare tile drained (dry) silt loam. Last week the polar vortex froze the soil as air temperatures dipped well below freezing for several days. Clearly label each line on the graph (A, B, and C)
below to indicate how the soil under the different field conditions has increased over the weekend as air temperatures have warmed into the upper 50s. (3 points)
12. You are trying to determine the drainage of a soil at your home and find that the subsurface (B horizon) of the soil has a color of 10YR 4/3. (2 points total)
a) Is the iron in your soil sample: [ oxidized
OR
reduced ]? (circle one) b) What is the oxidation state of the iron: [ Fe
2+
OR
Fe
3+
] (circle one) 13. On right graph, assume the soil is well drained. (2 points)
a) Using a solid
(
____
) line, sketch the %OM for a prairie
soil. b) On the same graph, using a dashed
(- - -) line, sketch the %OM for a forest
soil.
- 5 - VERSION A 14. Describe the meaning of the 2 soil classification designations (subscripts) below. (2 points)
Soil Classification Designation Brief Description a) IIc ____________________________ b) IIs ____________________________ 15. Give the correct answer for each of the soil monoliths (A-E) on display at the front of the classroom. Note that the cart and projection screen all represent the same 5 monoliths. You should feel free to walk up the monoliths to look closer if needed. (9 points total)
: A)
What is the parent material of soil A? ____________________________ B)
What is the soil order of Soil A? ____________________________ C)
What is the soil order of Soil B? ____________________________ D)
What is the native vegetation of soil B? ____________________________ E)
What is the parent material of Soil C? ____________________________ F)
What is the native vegetation of soil D? ____________________________ G)
What is the soil order of soil D? ____________________________ H)
What is the soil order of Soil E? ____________________________ I)
What is the drainage of Soil E? ____________________________
- 6 - VERSION A Multiple Choice (50 points total)
Select the best answer to each question. You should detach the last page of this exam and record your answers. Make sure you write your name clearly on your answer sheet.
(
2 points each
) 1. Two Indiana soils, one a residuum and one an alluvium would likely differ in which soil forming factors? A. Time and vegetation B. Climate and time C. Time and parent material D. Climate and parent material 2. Given these 4 great groups, which of these soils is most likely to have a Ck horizon? A. Haplaquand B. Haplocalcid C. Hapludalf D. Haplorthox 3. Given the Munsell color notation, 10 YR 5/4: A. 10YR is the hue, 5 is the value, and 4 is the chroma. B. 10YR is the hue, 5 is the chroma, and 4 is the value. C. 10YR is the value, 5 is the chroma, and 4 is the hue. D. 10YR is the chroma, 5 is the value, and 4 is the hue. 4. The taxonomic class of the Westport soil series is a Mixed, frigid Spodic Udipsamments. What is the soil order of this series? A. Inceptisol B. Spodosol C. Entisol D. Alfisol 5. Heavy vehicle traffic on wet soils may cause soil A. texture to change. B. particle density to increase. C. formation of a fragipan. D. bulk density to increase and a platy structure to appear in the A horizon. 6. A somewhat poorly drained soil is one that: A. has no gray mottles above 30”. B. has grey mottles that extend above 18” and color is mostly gray. C. has grey mottles above 18” in a mostly brown background. D. has gray mottles that extend above 30” but not above 18”.
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- 7 - VERSION A 7. You are considering buying a parcel of land and notice that the color of the soil is 10 YR 3/1. The Land Capability class of this soil is likely: A. IIIe B. IIg C. IIw D. IIs 8. The Hobbit silt loam is a fine silty, mixed mesic Typic Fragiudalf. What is the subgroup? A. Alfisol B. Udalf C. Fragiudalf D. Typic Fragiudalf 9. Which class of land in the Land Capability Class system describes a soil that has severe limitations and would likely only be suitable for recreation, wildlife, or aesthetics is? A. II B. IV C. V D. VIII 10. Given these 4 great groups, which of these soils is likely to have a low bulk density and is high in silicates, organic matter, iron, aluminum and other metals. A. Melanaquand B. Haploboroll C. Orthohaplel D. Petrocalcid 11. The oldest soils in Indiana area found in which area? A. South central B. Along the river floodplains C. On the outwash plain D. North Central 12. Which soil texture has the lowest water holding (storage) capacity? A. Loamy sand B. Sand C. Silty clay D. Silt loam 13. Assuming you have an ideal silt loam, what soil component typically makes up the largest percentage/fraction of the soil? A. Water B. Air C. Mineral D. Organic matter
- 8 - VERSION A 14. As % pore space increases, the bulk density: A. remains the same B. decreases C. increases D. fluctuates depending on moisture content 15. Cold temperatures (e.g., 35 degrees F): A. Increase the rate of organic matter breakdown B. Increase organic matter accumulation C. Increase drainage D. Decrease drainage 16. As soils are weathered, they: A. become more basic B. accumulate more clay in the C horizon C. accumulate more iron oxides in the E horizon D. develop more horizons 17. Which of the following would you least expect to find in Indiana? A. Hapludalf B. Argiudoll C. Dystrochrept D. Umbriorthel 18. The tan/brown/red color in a mineral soils is caused by the A. clay content. B. silt content. C. iron content. D. organic matter content. 19. A soil which will form a weak ribbon and feels gritty (but less than 50% sand) would most likely be a: A. loam. B. clay loam. C. sandy clay loam. D. sandy loam. 20. Rank the following soil orders Alfisol, Entisol, Inceptisol, Oxisol, Ultisol, from youngest (least weathered) to the oldest (most weathered): A. Entisol, Inceptisol, Alfisol, Oxisol, Ultisol B. Entisol, Inceptisol, Alfisol, Ultisol, Oxisol C. Inceptisol, Alfisol, Entisol, Ultisol, Oxisol D. Inceptisol, Entisol, Alfisol, Oxisol, Ultisol
- 9 - VERSION A 21. All of these soil orders are found in well drained forest soils except: A. Alfisols. B. Mollisols. C. Spodosols. D. Ultisols. 22. Given the textural triangle below, what is the soil texture for a soil containing 10% sand, 60% silt, and 30% clay? A. silt loam B. clay C. silty clay loam D. sandy clay loam 23. A soil containing predominantly ferrous iron throughout the upper 40 inches of the soil profile would be: A. Well drained B. Moderately well or somewhat poorly drained C. Poorly drained D. You can’t tell without knowing the organic matter content 24. Classifying a soil by physical and chemical properties is an example of:
A. Land classification B. Land use C. Soil Taxonomy D. Soil Catalogue
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- 10 - VERSION A 25. The __________________ is the unmixed surface soil horizon where partially decomposed material (e.g., leaf litter) accumulates. A. O horizon B. A horizon C. E horizon D. B horizon Extra Credit (2 points total) 1)
A soil particle measures 0.07mm, it is: A.
Sand B.
Silt C.
Clay 2)
A soil particle measures 0.009mm, it is: A.
Sand B.
Silt C.
Clay 3)
A soil horizon with clay accumulation is called a/an A.
Albic horizon B.
Argillic horizon C.
Oxic horizon D.
Spodic horizon 4)
Diagnostic horizons are inherited from the parent materials A.
True B.
False MAKE SURE YOU TRANSFER YOUR MULTIPLE CHOICE AND EXTRA CREDIT ANSWERS TO YOUR ANSWER SHEET. ONLY THE RESPONSES ON THE ANSWER SHEET WILL COUNT FOR THE MULTIPLE CHOICE AND EXTRA CREDIT ANSWERS.
- 11 - VERSION A Exam 1 ANSWER SHEET – VERSION A
AGRY/NRES 255 and AGRY 270 – Spring 2019 Name _____________________________ Discussion Leader/Time: ___________________ 1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________ 6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8 ___________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________ 11. ___________ 12. ___________ 13. ___________ 14. ___________ 15. ___________ 16. ___________ 17. ___________ 18. ___________ 19. ___________ 20. ___________ 21. ___________ 22. ___________ 23. ___________ 24. ___________ 25. ___________ Extra credit 1. ___________ SHORT ANSWER: ______ Extra credit 2. ___________ MULTIPLE: ______ Extra credit 3. ___________ EXTRA CREDIT: ______ Extra credit 4. ___________ TOTAL SCORE: ______