Lab 2 Plate Tectonics
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Course
101
Subject
Geology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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4
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Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
PRE-LAB QUESTIONS
1.
At what types of boundary do mid-ocean ridges occur? (Select all that apply.)
a.
Convergent boundary
b.
Divergent boundary (mid-ocean ridges occur in this boundary)
c.
Transform boundary
2.
True or False? Compressional forces cause normal faulting.
(False)
3.
When the hanging wall block moves up relative to the footwall block it is called a
(b)
a.
Normal Fault
b.
Reverse Fault
c.
Strike-Slip Fault
4.
When the footwall block moves up relative to the hanging wall block it is called a
(a)
a.
Normal Fault
b.
Reverse Fault
c.
Strike-Slip Fault
5.
What method do scientists use to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
The method that scientists use to locate the epicenter of an earthquake is triangulation.
©2016, eScience Labs
Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
EXERCISE 1 DATA SHEET
Table 1. Earthquake Triangulation via Three Seismograph Stations
HKPS
INCN
MAJO
Latitude (DD)
22.28
37.48
36.5
Longitude (DD)
114.14
126.62
138.20
P-wave Arrival Time
(UTC)
03:32
03:28
03:27
S-wave Arrival Time
(UTC)
03:37
03:31
03:28
S-P Time Difference
(UTC)
5 minutes
2 minutes
1 minute
Distance From Epicenter
(km)
3,500
2,000
500
©2016, eScience Labs
Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
EXERCISE 1 POST-LAB QUESTIONS
1.
What is the latitude and longitude of your epicenter?
Latitude:
32.38
Longitude:
148.24
2.
Based on your results, would it be more or less beneficial to use more than three
seismograph stations?
Based on my results, it think that it would be more beneficial
to use more than three seismograph stations because each trial will have more
accurate results the more seismographs are being used.
3.
Download and run the
Earth’s Tectonic Plates.kmz
file in
Google Earth
™. Is the
epicenter near a plate boundary?
(Yes)
4.
What type of plate boundary is located near the epicenter?
(a)
a.
Convergent
b.
Divergent
c.
Transform
d.
The epicenter is not near a plate boundary
5.
Read the information about tsunamis and faults below, then complete the related
activities:
Tsunamis are formed as a result of sudden displacement of a large volume of water by
significant vertical motion on a fault at the bottom of a volume of water.
Label the different types faults and then hypothesize which are the most likely to
generate tsunamis.
©2016, eScience Labs
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Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Strike-slip Fault
Hypothesis:
My hypothesis is that the reverse fault is most likely to generate
Tsunami.
6.
Download and run the
Hazards.kmz
file in
Google Earth
™. Select “Tsunami Source
Events,” “Tsunami Observations,” “Significant Earthquakes,” and “Significant Volcanic
Eruptions.” Do you see any relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis?
Explain your reasoning.
I do see relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis. In most
cases, earthquakes or volcanic could trigger tsunamis. Furthermore, in history, almost all
the major tsunamis are trigger by earthquakes. The most common causes of underwater
disturbances that lead to tsunamis are earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, especially
because most volcanoes are underwater. In addition to this, volcanoes, earthquakes, and
tsunamis are all related as products of plate tectonics. That is why I do see relationships
among earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis.
©2016, eScience Labs