GEOL 170, Quiz 2 (1)

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GEOL/ENVI 170, Quiz 2, Sept 21 Ethan Kurkoski 1. The Hawaiian Islands are examples of what type of volcanoes? - Sheild Volcanoes 2. Why are phreatic explosions commonly associated with volcanoes that erupt in or near oceans? - A phreatic explosion is an eruption that results from steam pressure built up below the ground. They are commonly associated with volcanoes in or near water because the extreme temperature of the magma heats the surface water near-instantaneously and evaporates the water to steam which results in an explosion of steam, water, ash, and volcanic rock. 3. What is the main difference between “mafic” and “felsic” magma? Which type of crust (oceanic or continental crust) is most likely to produce felsic magma when the crust melts?
- Mafic magma contains higher concentrations of Fe and Mg bearing silicates, has a higher fluidity producing a greater flow of lava, and it is a lot less viscous and less explosive than felsic magma. Felsic magma contains more silica content containing quartz and feldspar rather than Fe and Mg bearing silica. Felsic magma is also more viscous, producing more explosive eruptions. - Continental crust is more likely to produce felsic magma when the crust melts.
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