Geology Chapter 12 (1)
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California State University, Sacramento *
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Geography
Date
Apr 3, 2024
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1.
How do features caused by stream erosion differ from features caused by glacial
erosion?
Mountains formed by streams have rounded tops, while those formed by glaciers have
angular peaks.
2.
How does material deposited by glaciers differ from material deposited by streams?
What is the name of a rock formed from this material?
Glacial sediments are unsorted and unstratified, while stream deposits are sorted and
stratified.
3.
How would you distinguish an alpine glaciated terrain from a continental glaciated
terrain?
You could distinguish an Alpine glaciated terrain from a continental glaciated terrain
because an alpine glaciation is found on mountainous regions and a continental
glaciation exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice.
4.
Describe the glacial erosion processes of plucking and abrasion. What features indicate
these processes have occurred in the past?
Plucking is the process by which a glacier picks up a rock as it flows over the land and
abrasion is the process by which glacier's gouge and scratch bedrock.
5.
Describe how arêtes, cirques, and horns form.
Cirques are bowl-shape depression at head of glacial valley surrounded on 3 sides by
steep rock walls, arete are snaking, sharp-edged ridge and, horns are sharp pyramid-like
peak.
6.
How does the glacial budget control the migration of the equilibrium line?
When new snow is greater than melting. the glacier advances. when melting is greater
than new snow, it retreats.
7.
How do recessional moraines differ from terminal moraines?
Recessional moraines are the end moraines that form when the ice front occasionally
becomes stationary during its retreat and terminal moraines are the farthest end
moraine.
8.
How do kettles, eskers, and drumlins form?
Kettles form when blocks of stagnant ice become buried in drift and eventually melt.
Eskers are composed of sand and gravel that were once deposited by streams once
flowing in tunnels beneath glaciers. In drumlins the steep side of the hill faces the
direction the ice came in from, and the gentler lope points in the direction the ice moved.
9.
Alpine glaciation
c. is found in mountainous regions.
10. Continental glaciation
d. exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice.
11. At present, about _____% of the land surface of the Earth is covered by glaciers.
d.10
12. Which is not a type of glacier?
d. peak glacier
13. The boundary between the zone of accumulation and the zone of ablation of a glacier is
called the
b. equilibrium line.
14. In a receding glacier,
b. the terminus moves upvalley.
15. In the interior of a glacier, beneath the rigid zone, movement occurs by
b. plastic flow.
16. How fast does the central part of a valley glacier move compared to the sides of the
glacier?
a. Faster
17. Glacially carved valleys are usually _____ shaped.
b. U
18. Which is not a type of moraine?
e. esker
19. The last episode of extensive glaciation in North America was at its peak about _____
years ago.
d. 18,000
20. During the ice ages, much of Nevada, Utah, and eastern California was covered by
a. ice.
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