2-1 Discussion Latin America Migration
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Southern New Hampshire University *
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200
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Geography
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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docx
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Push/pull factors often frame human migration. Push factors are
negative (war, natural disasters, famine, lack of religious freedom,
etc.), whereas pull factors tend to be positive (better job
opportunities, ample food, nice climate, religious freedoms, etc.).
For your initial post in the discussion topic, identify at least one
push/pull factor that impacted the movement of Latin American
people, including specific examples. How does location, either
relative or absolute, factor into this movement? Use the Themes
of Geography resource to support your discussion of movement
and location while addressing this prompt.
Middle America's landform and racial diversity make up for its
lack of size but Middle America as a region has had to face its
push factors. One such example is the drug wars that took place
in U.S.-border cities and Northern Mexico which was established
by the cartel in Colombia. Cocaine that was produced and
smuggled by Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru made Middle America
the primary target to smuggle because most of the shipments
that came from Colombia found their way into Mexico along
various routes either by land via the Middle American land bridge
through Guatemala or with a boat into the Caribbean and the Gulf
of Mexico. Therefore, based on their relative location that lies in
the isthmian tract between the southern Rocky Mountains and the
northern tip of the Andes (or from the southern border of the
United States to the northern border of Colombia), marking the
territorial transition from North America to South America. This
made Middle America the key to becoming the main distributor to
Central America. Considering the area was poor and had a lack of
employment possibilities, a sizable number of locals had become
involved in the potentially profitable drug trade which had led to a
sharp increase in organized crime and an upsurge in violence,
giving Central America a reason to find a boarder solution to put a
stop to having these drugs come in and out.
A pull factor that Middle America has been able to excel, with the
effect of NAFTA, is the North American Free Trade Agreement
between Canada, the United States, and Mexico which went into
effect in 1994 and has since transformed Mexico’s economic
geography. When NAFTA went into effect, Mexico joined a free-
trade area and market that currently has a demographic of almost
490 million people which led to an economic boom. The stretch of
Mexican land that now adjoins the United States was one of the
main beneficiaries. The following development transformed the
urban environments around the newly formed border zone. AFTA
permits Mexican manufacturers to assemble duty-free imported
ingredients and components into finished goods that are then
shipped back to the U.S. market. It makes sense that many of
these factories, which are referred to as maquiladoras, are
positioned as close to the U.S. border as they can be. As a direct
result, manufacturing employment grew quickly in the towns and
cities along that border, from Matamoros at the mouth of the Rio
Grande to Tijuana on the Coast. Mexico is now the third-largest
source of U.S. imports behind China and Canada, contributing
around 15 percent of all annual U.S. imports. This not only
provided jobs for so many people, but it is a fantastic way as well
to show each region’s cultural material and goods that generate
from the difference in the region’s landscape and climate.
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