Lab 6. Atmospheric Humidity (Answer Sheet).AniyaFoster
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Name:
Aniya Foster________________________
Date:
10/10/2023__________
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
1.
Label the six phase changes of water on the diagram below (Figure 6.2).
Figure 6.2: Phase Changes of Water.
1
2.
Using Figure 6.3 above, complete Table 6.1 below. Provide the energy required for one
milliliter of water.
Table 6.1: Latent Heat
Phase Change
Heat Calories
Exchanged
Latent energy
released or
absorbed?
Warming or
cooling the
surrounding
environment?
Solid (0°C) → Liquid (0°C)
Liquid (0°C) → Solid (0°C)
Liquid (0°C) → Gas (100°C)
Gas (100°C) → Liquid (0°C)
Solid (0°C) → Gas (100°C)
Gas (100°C) → Solid (0°C)
3.
Based on the data table provided on the left-side of Figure 6.4, plot the maximum water
vapor of an air parcel in the blank graph on the right. Connect the points with a solid
line.
1
Figure by Scott Crosier is licensed under
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 1
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
Figure 6.4: Data and Table for Maximum Water Vapor based on Temperature.
2
4.
Using the data provided and your completed Figure 6.4, answer the following questions:
a.
Just before sunrise, the temperature is 15
°
C (59°F) with a specific humidity of 8.5
kg H
2
O/kg air. Calculate the relative humidity. Show your work.
b.
By 10 am, the temperature has risen to 25
°
C (77°F). Assume that the specific
humidity remains at 8.5 kg H
2
O/kg air. Calculate the relative humidity. Show your
work.
c.
When the heat of the day strikes at 2 p.m., the temperature has risen to 35
°
C
(95°F). Assume that the specific humidity remains at 8.5 kg H
2
O/kg air. Calculate
the relative humidity. Show your work.
d.
Santa Barbara has a temperature of 22°C (70°F) and a relative humidity of 60%.
What is the specific humidity of the air?
2
Figure by Scott Crosier is licensed under
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 2
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
5.
Using a red pencil in the blank graph provided below (Figure 6.5), plot the temperature
over the three days and connect your plotted points with a solid red line. Repeat the
process using a blue pencil for the relative humidity.
Figure 6.5: Plotted Temperature and Relative Humidity.
3
6.
Based on the plotted data on Figure 6.5, what time of day would you see the highest
relative humidity readings: early morning or late afternoon? Why is this? Explain your
response in one to two sentences.
Based on the plotted data, I would see the highest relative humidity readings early in the
morning. The relative humidity percentages are at their highest around 4 a.m. on April 21
st
and April 22
nd
.
7.
What observations can you make regarding the relationship of temperature and relative
humidity?
Regarding the relationship of temperature and relative humidity on the plotted data table,
both have opposite percentages at the same time of day. When the relative humidity of the
day decreases, then the temperature increases, and when the temperature decreases, the
relative humidity increases.
8.
If the air parcel has a specific humidity at 8.5 kg H
2
O/kg air, what is the dew point
temperature? Show your work.
3
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CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 3
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
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9.
Santa Barbara has a temperature of 22°C (70°F) and a relative humidity of 60%. What is
the dew point temperature of the air? Show your work.
10. Apply What You Learned: If you wake up to a foggy morning, what is the relative
humidity? Explain your response in one to two sentences.
The relative humidity is 100% because the temperature and the dew point temperature
match.
11. Complete Table 6.5. Tip: the wet bulb depression is simply the difference between the
dry bulb temperature and the wet bulb temperature.
a.
Use the psychrometric tables above to determine the relative humidity and the
dew point temperature for each location. Along the left axis, find the
temperature closest to the dry bulb temperature. Along the top, find the closest
wet bulb depression value. If your exact depression value is not listed, you may
need to estimate your value between two that are listed.
Table 6.5: Psychrometric Data Across California
4
Location
Dry Bulb
Temp. (°C)
Wet Bulb
Temp. (°C)
Wet Bulb
Depression
Relative
Humidity
(%)
Dew Point
Temperature
(°C)
Eureka
12
10
Redding
14
8
San Francisco
13
9
Bishop
8
2.5
Bakersfield
14
9
Sacramento
12
9.5
Death Valley
17
9
Avalon
14
10
Los Angeles
14
9.5
San Diego
17
12
4
Data collected on March 19, 2020 at 13:00 from
The Weather Channel
Answer Sheet page 4
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
12. Using the Internet or an atlas, find each of the locations shown in Table 6.5. Mark and
label each point on the map below (Figure 6.6).
Figure 6.6: Blank Map of California.
5
13. Which locations had the lowest ambient temperatures (dry bulb temperatures)? Why do
you think these locations had the lowest temperatures? Explain your response in one to
two sentences.
14. Which locations had the highest relative humidity? Why do you think that is the case?
Explain your response in one to two sentences.
15. Which locations had the lowest relative humidity? Why do you think that is the case?
Explain your response in one to two sentences.
16. Which of the locations on the map is closest to your college? What is the relative
humidity at this location?
5
Figure by Scott Crosier is licensed under
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 5
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
17. Use Your Critical Thinking Skills: Based on your spatial and data analysis, what
conclusions can you draw regarding the relationship of location and relative humidity?
Explain your response in two to three sentences.
Date:
Time:
Description of location (surrounding vegetation, proximity to buildings, water, landscaping, etc.)
Dry Bulb Temperature:
Relative Humidity:
Wet Bulb Temperature:
Dew Point Temperature:
Wet Bulb Depression:
Date:
Time:
Description of location (surrounding vegetation, proximity to buildings, water, landscaping, etc.)
Dry Bulb Temperature:
Relative Humidity:
Wet Bulb Temperature:
Dew Point Temperature:
Wet Bulb Depression:
Date:
Time:
Description of location (surrounding vegetation, proximity to buildings, water, landscaping, etc.)
Dry Bulb Temperature:
Relative Humidity:
Wet Bulb Temperature:
Dew Point Temperature:
Wet Bulb Depression:
Answer Sheet page 6
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
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Date:
Time:
Description of location (surrounding vegetation, proximity to buildings, water, landscaping, etc.)
Dry Bulb Temperature:
Relative Humidity:
Wet Bulb Temperature:
Dew Point Temperature:
Wet Bulb Depression:
18. What patterns did you observe across your different data collection sites? Explain your
response in one to two sentences.
19. Were there any results that surprised you or that you were not expecting? Why do you
suspect you had these findings? Explain your response to one to two sentences.
20. Were there any other noteworthy findings or observations that you found in your data
collection? Explain your response to one to two sentences.
21. Label the following lifting mechanism diagrams based on their descriptions provided
above.
a.
________________________________________________________:
Figure 6.7: Lifting Mechanism Sample 1.
6
b.
________________________________________________________:
6
Figure by Scott Crosier is licensed under
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 7
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Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
Figure 6.8: Lifting Mechanism Sample 2.
8
c.
________________________________________________________:
Figure 6.9: Lifting Mechanism Sample 3.
8
d.
________________________________________________________:
Figure 6.10: Lifting Mechanism Sample 4.
9
Figure 6.11: Temperature Changes as Air Rises or Subsides.
7
7
Figure by Scott Crosier is licensed under
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 8
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
22. Label the windward (the side where the wind begins to rise) and the leeward (the side
where the wind subsides) sides of the mountain on Figure 6.11.
23. In one to two sentences, explain why the saturated adiabatic rate is lower than the dry
adiabatic rate. Hint: consider whether or not latent heat is released when condensation
occurs.
24. Assume an unsaturated air parcel located at sea level (0 meters) in the Sacramento
Valley has an initial air temperature of 17°C and a specific humidity of 4kg H
2
O/kg air.
The prevailing westerlies are forcing the air parcel eastward towards the western slope
of the Sierras.
a.
Calculate the relative humidity and the dew point temperature of the air parcel
at 0 meters. Show your work.
b.
At what elevation will clouds start to form? Calculate the LCL for this air parcel
using the preceding formula. Show your work.
LCL = _______ meters
c.
Calculate the expected temperature of the air parcel at the ridge of the Sierras
(4,000 meters). Don’t forget to calculate the DAR of the air before it reaches the
LCL and the SAR as it continues to rise to the peak. Show your work.
Temp at the LCL =______°C
Temp at 4,000 m =______°C
d.
If temperature rises, does relative humidity increase or decrease?
e.
Based on your answer above, will the sinking air warm at the DAR or SAR? Why?
Explain your response in one to two sentences.
f.
What is the temperature of the air parcel once it reaches Reno at 1,500 meters?
Show your work.
Temp at Reno=______°C
g.
Based on your calculations above, use the profile below (Figure 6.12) and fill in
any missing information about the labeled locations.
h.
Draw arrows indicating the movement of air over the range and label the regions
where the air will warm or cool based on the DAR or the SAR. Also, label the
windward and leeward sides of the mountain.
Answer Sheet page 9
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity
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Figure 6.12: Temperature and Relative Humidity over the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range.
8
Ask your professor which wrap-up questions you should complete.
8
Figure by Scott Crosier is licensed under
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Answer Sheet page 10
|
Lab 6: Atmospheric Humidity