Wk6assgnmentLT

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Walden University *

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MISC

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Finance

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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1

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While both are a form of historical average investment returns, the arithmetic returns are calculated differently than the geometric return. The arithmetic return is "the everyday calculation of the average." To get to this figure, you take the annual figures number, add them up, and divide them by the number of returns in the series. The geometric return, called the compounded return, is a little more convoluted in execution. This method is calculated by multiplying all the returns, taking the n-th root, and subtracting the initial capital. The arithmetic return can always be the geometric return. Typically, the way to show a return on an investment or security is by a percentage instead of a dollar amount. This is because investors need to see how much money was made on the investment. Instead, they want to see what the earnings are concerning the cost(Understanding Returns | Boundless Finance, n.d.). A risk premium is defined as a form of payment for investors. It is a payment for tolerating the risk the company or stock presents. There is always a risk that you, as the investor, will lose some or all of your investment. The typical risk of a bond is that the issuer will "default" and cannot keep up with on-time payments until maturity. The longer the maturity of the bond, the higher the risk. Bonds also carry an additional risk that the number of bonds being traded is low, so it would take more work to sell them quickly. (Adkins, 2017). An equity risk premium is an additional return the investor earns when an investment is made over the risk-free rate and only relates to stocks. In comparison, bond risk premium refers to bonds. Stores are believed to provide better returner- standing-returns/than bonds, so the equity risk premium is higher than a bind's. With investing in stocks, you can be paid to buy into a store and take on that risk, which is greater than a bond with a fixed income, even though they are calculated similarly. (Risk |Boundless Finance, n.d.). An excess return is what is earned above the predicted predetermined return. It is only possible to make excess returns by taking additional risks, such as investing more money into a stock. Volatility is defined as and refers to the total amount of risk as it relates to the investment's value. If an investor owned a store with volatile returns in 2 years, the average would be higher than the geometric return. References Abraham, S. (2021, February 3). Going All-In: Investing vs. Gambling. Investopedia.https://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/09/compare-investing- gambling.asp#:%7E:text=True%2C%20investing%20and%20gambling%20both,and %20over%20the%20long%20run. Adkins, W. (2017, November 21).How to Determine Risk Premium on Bonds. Finance -Zacks. https://finance.zacks.com/determine-risk-premium-bonds-9253.html Chen, J. (2021, January 27).Excess Returns. Investopedia.https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/excessreturn.aspRisk | Boundless Finance. (n.d.). Lumen Learning. Retrieved April 11, 2021, fromhttps://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-finance/chapter/risk/
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