FIN 550 Milestone 3_IO

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1 FIN 550 Milestone 3 Ifeoma Ojialor October 29, 2023 Southern New Hampshire University
2 Capital Budgeting Data – Potential Investment I recommend that Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) proceed with option three for their potential capital investment in new equipment. This choice entails an initial investment of $85 million, which is anticipated to generate annual cash flows of $50 million, $45 million, $35 million, $40 million, and $35 million over the next five years. Operating costs during this period are estimated at $15 million, $12 million, $11 million, $13 million, and $13 million, excluding depreciation. The investment will follow a straight-line depreciation method of 20%, apply an income tax rate of 20%, and utilize a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) at 9%. Based on these parameters, the projected net present value (NPV) is approximately $17,699,939, with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 17.4%. Detailed calculations are available in the accompanying Excel workbook for reference. Capital Budgeting Data – Pursuing the Investment In evaluating the investment decision for capital budgeting, Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) is considering multiple techniques, with a primary focus on the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) methods to assess the economic viability of the proposed capital investment in new equipment. Capital budgeting, defined as "the process of analyzing, evaluating, and prioritizing investments in substantial projects necessitating significant financial resources" (Russo, 2023, para. 2), holds substantial importance for JNJ. It provides a framework for accountability, measurability, and a comprehensive understanding of the inherent risks and returns associated with this investment endeavor. In this case, since there are no competing projects, the new equipment investment is evaluated independently with a standard cash flow pattern. Projections indicate a net present value (NPV) of $17,699,939 over the next five years.
3 NPV analysis entails the consideration of various variables and assumptions, evaluating the projected project cash flows by discounting them back to the present (Carlson, 2022, para. 4). Additionally, JNJ is employing the internal rate of return (IRR) method, defined as "the percentage rate at which a project's associated cash flows yield a net present value of zero" (Bragg, 2022, para. 2). The anticipated IRR for this project is approximately 17.4%, a favorable and profitable outcome. The evaluation of both NPV and IRR suggests that JNJ is well- positioned to accept this project. As a general rule, when the NPV exceeds $0, the project is considered acceptable (Carlson, 2022, para. 8). With an NPV of $17,699,939 and an IRR of 17.4%, the conclusion is clear: this project is not only acceptable but also poised to deliver profitability for JNJ and its shareholders. According to the IRR rule, a project or investment should be pursued if its IRR surpasses the minimum required rate of return (Ganti, 2022, para. 1). In this context, where JNJ's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) stands at 9% and the IRR exceeds this figure at 17.4%, it underscores the sound rationale for pursuing this project. Capital Budgeting Data - Difference The acceptance or rejection of a capital proposal hinges primarily on two key factors: the Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR). These methods are instrumental in the evaluation of proposed capital budgeting and expenditure decisions. Nonetheless, they differ in their outcomes, objectives, decision-making support, as well as considerations of reinvestment rates and discount rates. Specifically, the NPV method yields results in dollar value, representing the project's anticipated monetary returns, while the IRR method quantifies the percentage return expected from the project (Bragg, 2022, para. 3).
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4 Furthermore, the NPV approach emphasizes the project's surpluses and offers management a foundational basis for investment decisions anchored in dollar returns. In contrast, the IRR method expresses returns in percentages, which, while indicative of profitability, do not provide a clear monetary reference for decision-makers. Regarding reinvestment rates, NPV assumes a reinvestment rate equivalent to the firm's cost of capital, introducing potential complexities in determining this rate. Conversely, the IRR method inherently considers the internal rate of return, simplifying the calculation due to its derivation from underlying cash flows (Bragg, 2022, para. 3). The NPV method is regarded as the superior approach due to its capacity to distinguish financially viable projects, primarily those with a positive NPV, signifying their worthiness. This method accounts for both time and risk factors, presenting a tangible dollar value for prospective investments. The NPV method can stand independently for evaluation. Conversely, the IRR, while valuable, serves as supplementary information (Cole-Ingait, 2017). Consequently, it is insufficient for investors to make informed profit assessments from their investments. In this context, the NPV emerges as the more appropriate method for the comprehensive evaluation of this potential investment.
5 References Bragg, S. (2022, September 10). The difference between NPV and IRR — AccountingTools. AccountingTools. Retrieved October 29, 2023, from https://www.accountingtools.com/articles/the-difference-between-npv-and-irr.html Carlson, R. (2022, November 29). Net Present Value (NPV) As a Capital Budgeting Method. The Balance. Retrieved October 29, 2023, from https://www.thebalancemoney.com/net- present-value-npv-as-a-capital-budgeting-method-392915 Cole-Ingait, P. (2017, November 21). What Is the Rationale Behind the Net Present Value Method? Small Business - Chron.com. Retrieved October 29, 2023, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/rationale-behind-net-present-value-method-76800.html Ganti, A. (2022, March 29). Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Rule: Definition and Example. Investopedia. Retrieved October 29, 2023, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/internal-rate-of-return-rule.asp#:~:text=Key %20Takeaways-,The%20internal%20rate%20of%20return%20(IRR)%20rule%20states %20that%20a,to%20proceed%20with%20a%20project. Russo, K., CPA, MBA. (2023, February 6). Capital Budgeting: What Is It and Best Practices. Oracle NetSuite. Retrieved October 29, 2023, from https://www.netsuite.com/portal/resource/articles/financial-management/capital- budgeting.shtml