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Set 10 Test 6 – 9 questions, 16 minutes 25 seconds – 2 errors: 1 SC & CR Directions : The question presents a sentence, part or all of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others. This question tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing your answer, follow the requirements of standard written English; that is, pay attention to grammar, choice of words, and sentence construction. Choose the answer that produces the most effective sentence; this answer should be clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity, redundancy, or grammatical error. 1. (68) Outlining his strategy for nursing the troubled conglomerate back to health, the chief executive’s plans were announced on Wednesday for cutting the company’s huge debt by selling nearly $12 billion in assets over the next 18 months . О executive’s plans were announced on Wednesday for cutting the company’s huge debt by selling nearly $12 billion in assets over the next 18 months О executive’s plans, which are to cut the company’s huge debt by selling nearly $12 billion in assets over the next 18 months, were announced on Wednesday О executive’s plans for cutting the company’s huge debt by selling nearly $12 billion in assets over the next 18 months were announced on Wednesday О executive announced plans Wednesday to cut the company’s huge debt by selling nearly $12 billion in assets over the next 18 months – doubt О executive announced plans Wednesday that are to cut the company’s huge debt by selling nearly $12 billion in assets over the next 18 months Directions : For this question, select the best of the answer choices given. 2. (65) Which of the following most logically completes the passage? Pecan growers get a high price for their crop when pecans are comparatively scarce, but the price drops sharply when pecans are abundant. Thus, in high-yield years, growers often hold back part of their crop in refrigerated warehouses for one or two years, hoping for higher prices in the future. This year’s pecan crop was the smallest in five years. It is nonetheless quite possible that a portion of this year’s crop will be held back, since __________. О each of the last two years produced record-breaking pecan yields О the quality of this year’s pecan crop is no worse than the quality of the pecan crops of the previous five years О pecan prices have not been subject to sharp fluctuations in recent years О for some pecan growers, this year’s crop was no smaller than last year’s О the practice of holding back part of one year’s crop had not yet become widespread the last time the pecan crop was as small as it was this year 1

3. (71) Along the major rivers that traverse the deserts of northeast Africa, the Middle East, and northwest India, the combination of a reliable supply of water and good growing conditions both encouraged farming traditions that, in places, endure in at least 6,0000 years. О good growing conditions both encouraged farming traditions that, in places, endure in О good growing conditions encouraged farming traditions that have, in places, endured for О of good growing conditions have encouraged farming traditions that, in places, endured for О of good growing conditions both encouraged farming traditions that have, in places, endured О of good growing conditions encouraged farming traditions that have, in places, been enduring for 4. (74) Despite its covering the entire planet, Earth has a crust that is not seamless or stationary, rather it is fragmented into mobile semirigid plates. О Despite its covering the entire planet, Earth has a crust that is not seamless or stationary, rather it is О Despite the fact that it covers the entire planet, Earth’s crust is neither seamless nor is it stationary, but is О Despite covering the entire planet, Earth’s crust is neither seamless nor is it stationary, but rather О Although it covers the entire planet, Earth’s crust is neither seamless nor stationary, but rather О Although covering the entire planet, Earth has a crust that is not seamless or stationary, but Directions : The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Acting on the recommendation of a British government committee investigating the high incidence in white lead factories of illness among employees, most of whom were women, the Home Secretary proposed in 1895 that Parliament enact legislation that would prohibit women from holding most jobs in white lead factories. Although the Women’s Industrial Defence Committee (WIDC), formed in 1892 in response to earlier legislative attempts to restrict women’s labor, did not discount the white lead trade’s potential health dangers, it opposed the proposal, viewing it as yet another instance of limiting women’s work opportunities. Also opposing the proposal was the Society for Promoting the Employment of Women (SPEW), which attempted to challenge it by investigating the causes of illness in white lead factories. SPEW contended, and WIDC concurred, that controllable conditions in such factories were responsible for the development of lead poisoning. SPEW provided convincing evidence that lead poisoning could be avoided if workers were careful and clean and if already extant workplace safety regulations were 2

stringently enforced. However, the Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL), which had ceased in the late 1880s to oppose restrictions on women’s labor, supported the eventually enacted proposal, in part because safety regulations were generally not being enforced in white lead factories, where there were no unions (and little prospect of any) to pressure employers to comply with safety regulations. 5. (84) The passage suggests that WIDC differed from WTUL in which of the following ways? О WIDC believed that the existing safety regulations were adequate to protect women’s health, whereas WTUL believed that such regulations needed to be strengthened. О WIDC believed that unions could not succeed in pressuring employers to comply with such regulations, whereas WTUL believed that unions could succeed in doing so. О WIDC believed that lead poisoning in white lead factories could be avoided by controlling conditions there, whereas WTUL believed that lead poisoning in such factories could not be avoided no matter how stringently safety regulations were enforced. О At the time that the legislation concerning white lead factories was proposed, WIDC was primarily concerned with addressing health conditions in white lead factories, whereas WTUL was concerned with improving working conditions in all types of factories. О At the time that WIDC was opposing legislative attempts to restrict women’s labor, WTUL had already ceased to do so. 6. (85) Which of the following, if true, would most clearly support the contention attributed to SPEW in the highlighted text? О Those white lead factories that most strongly enforced regulations concerning worker safety and hygiene had the lowest incidences of lead poisoning among employees. О The incidence of lead poisoning was much higher among women who worked in white lead factories than among women who worked in other types of factories. 3

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О There were many household sources of lead that could have contributed to the incidence of lead poisoning among women who also worked outside the home in the late nineteenth century. О White lead factories were more stringent than were certain other types of factories in their enforcement of workplace safety regulations. О Even brie3f exposure to the conditions typically found in white lead factories could cause lead poisoning among factory workers. 7. (86) The passage is primarily concerned with О Presenting various groups’ views on the motives of those proposing certain legislation О Contrasting the reasoning of various groups concerning their positions on certain proposed legislation О Tracing the process whereby certain proposed legislation was eventually enacted О Assessing the success of tactics adopted by various groups with respect to certain proposed legislation О Evaluating the arguments of various groups concerning certain proposed legislation 8. (79) Ryunosuke Akutagawa’s knowledge of the literatures of Europe, China, and that of Japan were instrumental in his development as a writer, informing his literary style as much as the content of his fiction. О that of Japan were instrumental in his development as a writer, informing his literary style as much as О that of Japan was instrumental in his development as a writer, and it informed both his literary style as well as О Japan was instrumental in his development as a writer, informing both his literary style and О Japan was instrumental in his development as a writer, as it informed his literary style as much as – between C and D О Japan were instrumental in his development as a writer, informing both his literary style in addition to 9. (69) Which of the following most logically completes the argument? By competing with rodents for seeds, black ants help control rodent populations that pose a public health risk. However, a very aggressive species of black ant, the Loma ant, which has recently invaded a certain region, has a venomous sting that is often fatal to humans. Therefore, the planned introduction into that region of ant flies, which prey on Loma ants, would benefit public health, since __________. О ant flies do not attack black ants other than Loma ants – get it 4

О Loma ants are less effective than many bird species in competing with rodents for seeds О certain other species of black ants are more effective than Loma ants in competing with rodents for seeds О the sting of Loma ants can also be fatal to rodents О some pesticides that could be used to control Loma ants are harmful to the environment 5

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