The Battle of Maldon Poem Author, Summary & Analysis
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Eastern Gateway Community College *
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500
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English
Date
Nov 24, 2024
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Uploaded by EarlIce12257
"The Battle of Maldon" is an Old English poem that recounts the events of the Battle of
Maldon, which took place in 991 AD between the Anglo-Saxons and Viking invaders.
Unfortunately, the author of the poem is unknown. Here's a brief overview of the poem, a
summary of its content, and an analysis:
Summary:
"The Battle of Maldon" is an Old English heroic poem that describes the events
surrounding the Battle of Maldon, a historical conflict between the Anglo-Saxons and
Viking raiders led by Olaf Tryggvason. The battle took place near Maldon in Essex,
England. The poem commemorates the bravery and honor of the English warriors,
particularly the heroism of Byrhtnoth, the ealdorman (ruler) of Essex.
In the poem, Byrhtnoth and his warriors face a difficult decision when the Vikings
propose a truce, suggesting that the English pay them tribute to avoid battle. Byrhtnoth
refuses to accept the terms and chooses to honorably defend his land. The battle
unfolds, and Byrhtnoth is eventually killed in combat. Despite their leader's death, the
English continue to fight valiantly, but they are ultimately defeated.
The poem ends with a lament for the fallen warriors and a reflection on the tragic
outcome of the battle.
Analysis:
Heroic Values: "The Battle of Maldon" reflects the heroic values of the
Anglo-Saxon culture. The poem extols virtues such as bravery, honor, loyalty, and
the willingness to sacrifice for one's people and land.
Anglo-Saxon Alliterative Verse: The poem is composed in the characteristic style
of Anglo-Saxon poetry, using a form of alliterative verse. The lines are organized
by stressed syllables and rely on the repetition of initial consonant sounds for
rhythm.
Elegiac Tone: The poem has an elegiac tone, emphasizing the tragedy of the
battle and the honor of those who fought. The lamentation for the fallen warriors
contributes to a sense of mourning and loss.
Cultural Context: "The Battle of Maldon" provides insight into the historical and
cultural context of the Anglo-Saxons, their military practices, and their attitudes
toward honor and heroism.
Ethical Dilemma: The poem explores the ethical dilemma faced by Byrhtnoth
when confronted with the Viking offer of tribute. By choosing to fight rather than
pay, he upholds his honor but also faces the consequences of a potentially
disadvantageous battle.
Commemoration: The poem serves as a commemoration of a specific historical
event, immortalizing the bravery and sacrifice of the English warriors. It
contributes to the oral tradition of passing down historical and cultural narratives
through poetry.
"The Battle of Maldon" is a significant piece of Old English literature that provides a
glimpse into the values and worldview of the Anglo-Saxons. It is both a historical record
and a work of literary art that continues to be studied for its linguistic features and
cultural insights.
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