CE 111 Lab #2

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School

Iowa State University *

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111

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Electrical Engineering

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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1 Lab #2 - Electronic Distance Measurements Using the Total Station

2 Objective Statement: Introduce the basics and skills of electronic distance measurement using the total station. Introduction: Total stations is an electronic measuring device with high accuracy and precision. In this lab the total station was used to measure the distances from point to point as a simple introduction to the device. Procedure: 1. Center the total station above the point using the laser plummet tool 2. Level the total station bullseye level 3. Level the parallel level 4. Level the parallel level at 90 degrees 5. Aim total station at the reflector set on point 6. Take measurement 7. Repeat for every measurement forward and back Calculations: Part 1: The first step in the calculations is to find the conversion of millimeters to feet to find the error measurement range. This is done by converting 10 mm to 0.0328 feet. Now compare the error range of +/- 0.0328 feet with the | FWD Dist − BACK Dist | for all measured points. Part 2: Next is to figure out the error of the total station using a sighting error of 5mm and the specifications for the Topcon GTS 230W which are (3mm+2ppm x D). Using the equation 2 x 10 − 6 ∗ Average Distance Measured ∗ 304.8 mm feet sighting error 2 + 3 m m 2 + ¿ √ ¿ for each distance measured (as shown in

3 appendix 2b). For all points the error is 5.83 mm as the distance differences were not big enough to make a difference for the error. The 5.83 mm error can be converted to +/- 0.019 feet (as shown in appendix 2b). Next is to compare the found error range with the difference between the forward distance and the average distance and the difference between he backwar distance and the average distance. This is shown in appendix 2b. Results: The results for part 2 are given when comparing the error range for part 2 with the difference between the forward distance and the average distance and the difference between the backward distance and the average distance. The result shows that 8A to 8B, 8C to 8D, 8D to 8A, 8B to 8D, and the backward distance minus the average distance of 8A to 8C all show to be outside the threshold of the 0.019 foot error range. Measurements 8B to 8C and the backward distance minus the average distance of 8A to 8C. All shown in appendix 2b. Conclusion: From the result and the calculation the overall error we got was +- 5.83 mm which is slightly more than the error of the Topcon specifications and sighting error. The only error we got which was within the error specification is the distance from 8B→8C and the diagonal distance 8A→8C. Overall the error we got was consistent and could have happened because the total station was set up not exactly over the point or it might have moved slightly while taking the reading. Another random error would have been because of not setting the prism over the point or the slight 2 to 3 mm of movement while taking the reading can also affect the distance shown by the Total station.

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