Pre Lab DC Circuits (1)

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SUNY Buffalo State College *

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120

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Electrical Engineering

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Jan 9, 2024

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Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm Complete the 15 questions below and upload the completed Prelab to Blackboard. This is an individual assignment, but you are encouraged to work with your classmates. Include Collaborators Names Here 1. When two or more resistors are connected in series what can be said about the current that passes through each resistor? 2. When three resistors are connected in series what can be said about the potential differences across each resistor (V 1, V 2 , and V 3 ) in reference to a voltage source across all three resistors V? 3. According to Ohm’s Law what is the potential differences of V 1, V 2 , and V 3 for three resistors R 1, R 2 , and R 3 , where current I flows through each resistor? A series connection has a single path from the battery, through each circuit element in turn, then back to the battery, see figure below. The current through each resistor is the same; the voltage depends on the resistance. The sum of the voltage drops across the resistors equals the battery voltage. Page 1 of 9

Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm The series circuit can be represented by an equivalent resistance R eq , with the same current. 4. Use Ohm’s Law V = IR, to show how R eq = R 1 + R 2 + R 3 A parallel connection splits the current; the voltage across each resistor is the same : The total current I is the sum of the currents through each resistor Page 2 of 9

Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm I = I 1 + I 2 + I 3 The parallel circuit can also be represented by an equivalent circuit The total voltage V across the equivalent circuit, by Ohm’s Law, is V = IR eq 5. Show how for the equivalent parallel circuit. To start:  Voltage drops across each resistor are the same and are equal to the total Voltage across the entire resistor, V = V 1 + V 2 + V 3  V = IR eq for the equivalent circuit  I = I 1 + I 2 + I 3 Page 3 of 9

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Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm Set up a circuit to measure the resistance of a light bulb with a voltmeter and an ammeter by the method of Figure 3. 6. What data will you be measuring to calculate the resistance of a light bulb? 7. How do you measure the voltage of a circuit, or circuit element (resistor or lightbulb etc.)? Across or In Series? 8. How do you measure the current of a circuit, or circuit element like a lightbulb or resistor? Across or In Series? 9. In the diagram below, show where you would put an ammeter and a voltmeter to read the current through one light bulb (a circuit element), choose any circuit element (lightbulb). Page 4 of 9

Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm 10.In the diagram below, show where you would put an ammeter and a voltmeter to read the total current through the circuit, the entire circuit. Page 5 of 9

Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm 11.In the circuit diagram below, which represents one of the circuits you will be studying,  Is this a series or parallel circuit, or a combination?  What are the data measurements you will be recording?  Of the data you will record, which will be the same and which will be different?  If data are different, what should the sum of the different values be? 12.In the circuit diagram below, which represents one of the circuits you will be studying,  Is this a series or parallel circuit, or a combination? Page 6 of 9

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Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm  What are the data measurements you will be recording?  Of the data you will record, which will be the same and which will be different?  If data are different, what should the sum of the different values be? 13.In the circuit diagram below, which represents one of the circuits you will be studying, Page 7 of 9

Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm  Is this a series or parallel circuit, or a combination?  What are the data measurements you will be recording?  Of the data you will record, which will be the same and which will be different?  If data are different, what should the sum of the different values be?  How many times will you need to calculate R eq for this circuit?  Calculate R eq for this circuit, in terms of symbols no numbers are given. Hint o Start with the parallel resistors. Calculate the equivalent resistance for these resistors, you may want to call it R eq-Parallel o Then calculate the second equivalent resistance which are calculated from the parallel equivalent and R 3 , you may want to call it R eq-Series The DC power supply, battery, or other power source does not know how many lightbulbs and circuit elements are connected, or even how they are connected. It only “senses” what is being drawn from it. The power supply only senses the equivalent circuit and thus senses an overall resistance. The voltage with resistance determines the current through the circuit and circuit elements. 14.If you disconnected the top lightbulb, would you expect the remaining lightbulbs to go out, get brighter, or get dimmer? Why? Page 8 of 9

Your Name Here PHYS 120 LB-12 Prelab Activity Saturday 09/25/2021 Due Saturday 09/25/2021 by 11:59pm 15.If the three lightbulbs were connected in series, would you expect the remaining light bulbs to go out, get brighter, or get dimmer? Why? References Giancoli Physics 7 th Edition, Chapter 19 Physics and Astronomy Lab Manual DC Circuits Page 9 of 9

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