5.02 Exploring Waves Lab Report Assignment Handout-1

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Apr 3, 2024

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Exploring Waves Lab Handout LAB PROCEDURE Go to the simulation found at PBS LearningMedia entitled, “Waves: Amplitude, Frequency, and Wavelength” . 1. Frequency and Wavelength 2. Choose the “frequency” exploration and select the sound tab to conduct your exploration. 3. Use the slider for frequency and change it and observe how the waveform changes on the screen. 4. Note how the value of wavelength changes as you change the frequency of the sound. 5. Take screenshots for any two waves of different values of frequency. Use the values of wavelength and frequency and explain how the inverse proportion relationship between wavelength and frequency is justified. SCREENSHOTS AND EXPLANATION: Explanation: 1

The relationship. Between wavelength (λ) and frequency (f) in a wave is characterized by the equation c = λ * f, where c represents the speed of light. This equation emphasizes the inverse proportionality between wavelength and frequency: when one variable increases, the other must decrease to uphold a constant speed of light. Examining the data above, with a wavelength of 1 meter and a frequency of 320 Hz, we can apply the formula to calculate the speed of the wave (c). The result, 320 m/s, signifies that for a relatively long wavelength of 1 meter, the corresponding frequency is 320 Hz. Taking a look at the second screenshot, it consists of a 4.3-meter wavelength and a 80 Hz frequency which shows the inverse proportionality of their relationship. As the wavelength increased the frequency decreased to maintain a consistent speed of light. These situations align with the expected behavior of the inverse relationship. The observed data reaffirms the fundamental principle of the inverse proportionality between wavelength and frequency, demonstrating how adjustments in one variable compensate for changes in the other to maintain a consistent speed of light in the wave. 2. Amplitude and Sound Energy 1. Choose amplitude exploration and select the sound tab. 2. Observe the sound wave on the screen and how it changes as you adjust the amplitude. 3. Use the slider to adjust the amplitude of the sound wave and observe how it affects the energy level. 4. Take screenshots of any two waves with different values of amplitude. Use the data of amplitude and energy to explain the relationship between amplitude and energy. SCREENSHOTS AND EXPLANATION: 2

Explanation: Examining the data above, a clear relationship emerges between amplitude and energy in a wave. The dataset consists of two pairs: Amplitude 1 (7) with Energy 1 (49) and Amplitude 2 (1) with Energy 2 (1). The pattern observed indicates that as the amplitude decreases, so does the corresponding energy. This relationship is mathematically described by the equation E  A 2 , signifying that energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude. Applying the relationship to the data, the calculates validate the observed energy values. Specifically, the squared decrease in amplitude from 7 to 1 result in a proportional decrease in energy from 49 to 1. This relationship implies that small changes in amplitude lead to more significant changes in energy. Overall, higher amplitudes in a wave are associated with higher energy levels, and this connection follows a quadratic function. Therefore, the provided data supports the understanding that energy and amplitude are directly linked, with energy being proportional to the square of the amplitude in a wave. 3

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PART-B :QUESTIONS 3. Given below is a waveform. Use the ruler in the fig or printout and use a ruler to determine the following characteristics. Write them with at least 2 significant digits and with correct units. Given that the entire wave train takes 25 s to pass through a point, calculate the frequency and the wave speed of the wave. Make sure you show appropriate work and/or explain how you got these values. Total no. of waves in the wave train 5 Amplitude of the wave 1.5 m Wavelength of the wave 2 m Frequency of the wave 0.2 Hz Speed of the wave 0.4 m/s 4

4. Now it is time to draw your own waves. Draw two waves in the following grid. Be sure to draw enough no. of waves of A and B that fills the grid. Wave A – amplitude of two units and wavelength 6 units. Wave B – amplitude of 4 units and wavelength of 4 units . 5