GEO 3335 Spring 2024 Exam 1

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Apr 3, 2024

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GEO 3335 Oceanography Spring 2024 Dr. Dixon EXAM 1 Answer the following questions on this test paper. Be sure to follow all directions or you will be subject to a 5 point penalty deduction. Put your name and ID on each page and staple the exam. Part I Multiple Choice. 1 Point each. Circle the correct answer using pencil. 1. Which of the following is not considered one of the Earth’s major oceans? a. Atlantic b. Southern c. Mediterranean d. Pacific 2. This group was the first to make use of the monsoon winds to facilitate trade in the Indian Ocean region ______. a. Arabs b. Phoenicians c. Portuguese d. Chinese 3. This group was the first to colonize North America via the North Atlantic Ocean _______. a. Spanish b. English c. Italians d. Vikings 4. The Age of Discovery was known for its emphasis on ocean voyages with a goal of developing knowledge of the ocean environment. a. True b. False 5. This explorer is credited with the European discovery of the Pacific Ocean. a. Balboa b. Magellan c. Columbus d. Diaz 6. This explorer is credited with developing the theory of evolution by natural selection. a. Humboldt b. Darwin c. Cook d. Thompson 7. Scott was the first European to reach the North Pole while Amundsen was first to the South Pole. a. True b. False

8. Nathaniel Bowditch is credited as the author of this important book, The _____ a. Depths of the Sea b. Cosmos c. American Practical Navigator d. Oceans: Their Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology 9. Oceanographic research today is noted for _____________ a. international cooperation b. remote sensing techniques c. computer modeling d. autonomous research vehicles e. all of the above 10. This ocean has the deepest average depth. a. Atlantic b. Pacific c. Indian d. Southern 11. This ocean has the greatest volume. a. Atlantic b. Pacific c. Indian d. Southern 12. Mt. Everest is taller than the Mariana Trench is deep. a. True b. False 13. The layers of the Earth as defined by chemical composition include all but the ______. a. crust b. asthenosphere c. mantle d. core 14. Oceanic crust is composed of _____ while continental crust is _______. a. granite/basalt b. basalt/granite c. marble/chalk d. chalk/marble 15. Oceanic crust is thinner but denser than continental crust. a. True b. False

16. Which of the following is considered an active continental margin? a. east coast of the US b. west coast of the US c. Gulf coast of the US d. none are active continental margins 17. Submarine canyons are found primarily in/on the: a. continental slope b. continental shelf c. continental rise d. mid-ocean ridge e. abyssal plain 18. Deep-sea fans are found primarily in on the ___________ a. continental slope b. continental shelf c. continental rise d. mid-ocean ridge e. abyssal plain 19. Guyots are found primarily in on the ___________ a. continental slope b. continental shelf c. continental rise d. mid-ocean ridge e. abyssal plain 20. Hydrothermal vents are found primarily in on the ___________ a. continental slope b. continental shelf c. continental rise d. mid-ocean ridge e. abyssal plain 21. Considered geologically part of the continent ________ a. continental slope b. continental shelf c. continental rise d. mid-ocean ridge e. abyssal plain

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22. Which of these is not a type of tectonic plate margin ______________ a. convergent b. supramental c. divergent d. transform 23. The mid-ocean ____ is noted for gentle slopes and high spreading rates, while the mid-ocean ____ is noted for steep slopes and low spreading rates. a. rise/ridge b. ridge/rise c. rise/guyots d. ridge/guyots 24. Sediment thickness has some of its thinnest values along the continental shelf near the mouths of major rivers. a. True b. False 25. The red clay which dominates abyssal plain sediments is an example of a _____ sediment. a. cosmogenous b. hydrogenous c. biogenous d. lithogenous Part II Problems 5 points each. Show your work in pencil for full credit. 1. A nautical chart has a scale of 1:729,130. You measure the distance between two objects marked on the chart as 20 inches. Calculate the actual distance between the objects in nautical miles. Hint there are 72,913 inches in a nautical mile.

2. Determine the distance between points A and B in both nautical miles and kilometers. A. 38.5°N, 110°W B. 45°N, 110°W 3. Estimate the thickness of oceanic lithosphere of the following ages [years]: A. 5 million B. 10 million C. 20 million D. 50 million

4. Assume an accumulation rate of 0.8 cm/1000yrs for deep-ocean pelagic sediment. How long would it take to accumulate 500m of sediment? 5. Assume an accumulation rate of 30cm/1000yrs for continental shelf sediment. How long would it take to accumulate 500m of sediment?

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