Experiment #3-2

pdf

School

Columbia College *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

140

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Apr 3, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

Uploaded by SuperHumanBarracudaPerson844

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Science and Mathematics Department Columbia College Chicago Course: Science and Technology in the Arts Experiment # 3-2 Manipulating Sound - Amplifiers Objectives: • Be able to change the quality of the sound by using amplifiers and filters • To learn how to edit sound using software (Audacity) Description of the experiment In this experiment we will explore how to generate and edit sound using a software package called Audacity. Audacity is an open source software that complies with all the needs of the course. It is easy to learn and use. You can use also the Adobe software Audition, it is more powerful, but the learning curve will take more time! Part I - Manipulating Sound Part 1 - Amplifying Sound In this part of the experiment, we will use the application Audacity to modify the Intensity of a given sound PLEASE READ ALL THE ASSIGNMENT BEFORE STARTING TO WORK ON IT!!!!!!!!! NOTE : The template provided includes placeholders of the images you will produce during the experiment. You will replace the images on the file with your images and corroborate that the text below the image you placed, match the image you produced!. Introduction to Audacity and amplifying a sound wave With Audacity generate a file that has a sinusoidal wave of 500 Hz and an amplitude of 0,1 with the length of 5 seconds. To do this please follow the instructions below.

Last Updated 1/15/2021 1) Open Audacity 2) Go to "Generate" > "Tones..." it will drop a menu select "Waveform" sinusoidal, "Frequency", type 500 Hz, "Amplitude" (go from 0 to 1 max) type 0.1, in Duration (the time of the sound) place 5 seconds. The settings should look like the image below then click OK 3) Listen to the sound, by click on button “Play” 4) Select 500 ms or 0.5 sec of the track (Highlight it by put the cursor and the beginning of the track, press left button of the mouse and move the mouse until 0.5 sec on the time ruler on the top of the track) and release. Hh:mm:ss+hundreth

Last Updated 1/15/2021 The go to "View" > "Zoom" > "Zoom to Selection". After the zoom in, The wave is still not clear. 5) Select 0.05 sec or 50 ms and Zoom to Selection again - Now you can see a clear sine wave. 6) Select 0.01 sec or 10 ms and Zoom the Selection again - Now you can see a clear sine wave and count 5 full cycles - meaning the period is 2 ms, corresponding to a frequency of 500 Hz. We selected the firs o.5 seconds

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Last Updated 1/15/2021 7) Take a screenshot of the Audacity window showing the five full cycles of the soundwave of 500 Hz and replace the placeholder image below Figure 1 - Audacity window with a sound wave of 500Hz Measuring the sound using the Spectrum Analyzer included in the software Audacity 8) Be sure that the track is all selected (double click on any place on the track to highlight all the track) then Go to "Analyze" > "Plot Spectrum"

Last Updated 1/15/2021 It will open a window with the spectrum analysis of the track. Make the spectrum analysis screen "Full Screen" and put the cursor in the top of the peak to measure the frequency ant the intensity of the wave as shown in the image below. You can read that the cursor is placed on the point 508 Hz and you can be able to measure the intensity, -59dB. Frequency and Intensity Values at the Cursor

Last Updated 1/15/2021 9) Take a screenshot of the spectrum analyzer window of your wave and replace the placeholder image below. Figure 2 - Audacity Spectrum Analysis of the original sound wave of 500Hz Write in the table below the frequency and the Intensity of your soundwave, measures with the spectrum analyzer Frequency (Hz) Intensity (dB) 498 -19 Amplifying a soundwave 9) To change the intensity (make the sound louder or softer) select all the track (double click on any place on the track). Go to "Effects" > "Amplify",

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Last Updated 1/15/2021 To increase the intensity by 10 dB, type 10 (10 dB) in the Amplification field and click OK - the amplitude will be bigger but the amount of periods on the screen will be the same number - Amplifying do not change the frequency!. 10) Take a screenshot of the Audacity window showing the five full cycles of the soundwave of 500 Hz after the 10dB amplification and replace the placeholder image below

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 3 - Audacity window with a sound wave of 500Hz after an amplification of 10dB Be sure that the track is all selected (double click on any place on the track) then Go to "Analyze" > "Plot Spectrum", it will open a window with the spectrum analysis of the track. Make the spectrum analysis screen "Full Screen" and put the cursor in the top of the pick to measure the frequency ant the intensity of the wave. 11) Take a screenshot of the spectrum analyzer window of your wave and replace the placeholder image below.

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 4 - Audacity Spectrum Analysis of the sound wave of 500Hz after an amplification of 10dB Write in the table below the frequency and the Intensity of your soundwave, measures with the spectrum analyzer. Frequency (Hz) Intensity (dB) 501 -10 Question #1: Describe what changes and what did not changed after the amplification? (PLEASE WRITE FULL SENTENCE!): The only change was the intensity in dB after the use of the amplifer while the frequency remained constant. Increase the Intensity of the sound in the track by 10 dB a second time by selecting all the track and going to "Effects" > "Amplify", type 10 (10 dB) and click OK 12) Take a screenshot of the Audacity window showing the five full cycles of the soundwave of 500 Hz after the second time 10dB amplification and replace the placeholder image below

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 5 - Audacity window with a soundwave of 500Hz after the second amplification of 10dB Be sure that the track is all selected (double click on any place on the track) then Go to "Analyze" > "Plot Spectrum", it will open a window with the spectrum analysis of the track. Make the spectrum analysis screen "Full Screen" and put the cursor in the top of the peak to measure the frequency and the intensity of the wave. 13) Take a screenshot of the spectrum analyzer window of your soundwave after two times being amplified by 10 dB and replace the placeholder image below

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 6 - Audacity Spectrum Analysis of the sound wave of 500Hz after he second time amplification of 10dB Write in the table below the frequency and the Intensity of your soundwave, measures with the spectrum analyzer. Frequency (Hz) Intensity (dB) 501 0

Last Updated 1/15/2021 14) Summarize the data collected in the three explorations in the steps 9, 11, and 13 in the table below Frequency Hz) Intensity (dB) Original Soundwave (Step 9) 498 -19 Soundwave A = Original Soundwave after 10 dB amplification (Step 11) 501 -10 Soundwave B = Soundwave A after 10 dB amplification (Step 13) 501 0 As we discussed in class, and it will be our hypothesis ࠵?࠵?࠵?࠵?(࠵?࠵?) = ࠵?࠵?࠵?(࠵?࠵?) + ࠵?࠵?࠵?࠵?(࠵?࠵?) In this experiment we started with given original soundwave which intensity we measured in STEP 9 (original soundwave), and then amplify it by 10 dB in the STEP 11, generating the soundwave A. Question #2: Is the data collected (Original soundwave and soundwave A) supports or rejects our hypothesis? Justify your answer writing a FULL SENTENCE The data collected supports the hypothesis, as seen with original soundwave intensity of -19dB then adding the gain of 10 dB we get the intensity of soundwave A as -10dB Then we took the soundwave A and amplify it by 10 dB in the STEP 11, generating the soundwave B. Question #3: Is the data collected (soundwave A and Soundwave B) supports or rejects our hypothesis? Justify your answer writing a FULL SENTENCE The data collected supports the hypothesis, as seen with soundwave A intensity of -10dB then adding the gain of 10 dB we get the intensity of soundwave B as 0dB.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Conclusion: What is your conclusion of the experiment you just finished? That the intensity of the wave in dB after an amplifier will be the Intensity input (dB) + Gain (dB) will equal the output of intensity (dB) The output signal after the amplifier is Clipped Amplifiers are not ideal boxes that can produce any output you desire. In the real world amplifiers are limited by many factors one of the in the power supply. The energy in the output of the amplifier can be larger than the energy that the power supply can provide to the system. Generally the amplifier has a maximum voltage it can produce in its output. If V(in) * Gain is larger than the V(out) max then at any time this happens, the V(out) will be V(out) max as shown in the picture below. In the picture V(in)*Gain is the grey line, and V(out) max is +/- 40 Volts. The red line represents V(out). Any time V(in)*Gain > +/- 40 Volt the output is “clipped”. This phenomenon receives the name of Distortion, when the shape of the output of the amplifiers is not identical to the input.

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Clipping is a form of waveform distortion that occurs when an amplifier is overdriven and attempts to deliver an output voltage or current beyond its maximum capability. Clipping the sound wave will introduce undesired harmonics that will change the quality of the sound you produced “before” the amplifier. Click here for more information about the effect of clipping Let’s see what happens with the soundwave we were working with (soundwave B) if we would like to amplify it another 10 dB. Lets make the current sound louder by 10 dB by selecting all the track and going to "Effects" > "Amplify", type 10 (10 dB), this time you will need to check the button “Allow clipping”, and click OK. 15) Take a screenshot of the Audacity window showing the five full cycles of the soundwave of 500 Hz after the third time 10dB amplification and replace the placeholder image below Figure 7 - The original sound wave 500 Hz after being amplified 30 dB 16) Listen to the sound - Although sound louder, does not sound like a pure frequency. It is because the sound wave is being "Clipped", (the amplifier is SATURATED, cannot give the output desired and therefore it "clip" the output signal), and because it is NOT a pure sine wave, other harmonic will start to show. Let’s verify it with the spectrum analyzer.

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Be sure that the track is all selected (double click on any place on the track) then Go to "Analyze" > "Plot Spectrum", it will open a window with the spectrum analysis of the track. Make the spectrum analysis screen "Full Screen" and put the cursor in the top of the peak to measure the frequency and the intensity of the wave. 17) Take a screenshot of the spectrum analyzer window of your soundwave after three times being amplified by 10 dB and replace the placeholder image below Figure 8 - Audacity Spectrum Analysis of the sound wave of 500Hz after the third time amplification of 10dB Let’s make the current sound louder by 10 dB by selecting all the track and going to "Effects" > "Amplify", type 10 (10 dB), check the box "Allow Clipping" and click OK . 18) Take a screenshot of the Audacity window showing the five full cycles of the soundwave of 500 Hz after the third time 10dB amplification and replace the placeholder image below Figure 9 - The original sound wave 500 Hz after being amplified 40 dB

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Listen to the sound - Although the sound is louder, does not sound like a single frequency. It is because the sound wave is being "Clipped", and because it is NOT a pure sine wave, other harmonic start to show. Let verify it with the spectrum analyzer. Be sure that the track is all selected (double click on any place on the track) then Go to "Analyze" > "Plot Spectrum", it will open a window with the spectrum analysis of the track. Make the spectrum analysis screen "Full Screen" and put the cursor in the top of the peak to measure the frequency and the intensity of the wave. 19) Take a screenshot of the spectrum analyzer window of your soundwave after four times being amplified by 10 dB and replace the placeholder image below

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 10 - Audacity Spectrum Analysis of the sound wave of 500Hz after the fourth time amplification of 10dB To conclude this part of the experiment, let’s go to an extreme. Let’s amplify the current wave 30 db. Note: see the harmonics grow!!) Let’s make the current sound louder by 30 dB by selecting all the track and going to "Effects" > "Amplify", type 30 (10 dB), check the box "Allow Clipping" and click OK . 20) Take a screenshot of the Audacity window showing the five full cycles of the soundwave of 500 Hz after 60dB amplification and replace the placeholder image below

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 11 - The original sound wave 500 Hz after being amplified 60 dB Listen to the sound - Although the sound is louder, does not sound like a single frequency. It is because the sound wave is being "Clipped", and because it is NOT a pure sine wave, other harmonic start to show. Let verify it with the spectrum analyzer. Be sure that the track is all selected (double click on any place on the track) then Go to "Analyze" > "Plot Spectrum", it will open a window with the spectrum analysis of the track. Make the spectrum analysis screen "Full Screen" and put the cursor in the top of the peak to measure the frequency and the intensity of the wave. 21) Take a screenshot of the spectrum analyzer window of your soundwave after four times being amplified by 10 dB and replace the placeholder image below

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Figure 12 - Audacity Spectrum Analysis of the sound wave of 500Hz after the fourth time amplification of 10dB Question #4: Can you summarize what is happening with the sound, when the amplification applied is :clipping the sound? Its cutting off the sound, past the threshold of what the program can do. Amplifying your Voice In this part of the assignment you will sample your voice by recording it using Audacity, Be sure that your sound "it is not Clipped", meaning the sound wave need to fit into the track (between 1 and -1). Listen to your recorded voice. Place the Spectrum Analyzer of your original voice recorded

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Then you will amplify it by 6 dB, listen to the amplified voice and repeat the procedure 5 times. Note if there is a distortion in the reproduced voice Place the image of the Spectrum Analyzer of your original voice amplified 30dB.

Last Updated 1/15/2021 Please, answer the following questions: Question #5 : Is there any difference in the quality of the sound between the Original Voice and the Voice after being amplified by 30 dB?. Explain your perception of the two sounds and their differences. Yes, there is a difference, before being amplified the sound was clear and I understood the tone but after the amplification it became heavily distorted and unable to understand the tone. Question #6 : Can you explain the difference in the quality of the sound by comparing the two Spectrum Analysis (the Original Voice and the Amplified Voice)? The original voices dB is much lower at -25dB causing the sound not to be as distorted at the amplified voice of 5dB. When you finished the generation of the lab report, please review the following points 1) Remove the watermark Open the concerned document. For latest Word editions, Select the Design tab (click the Page Layout tab For Word 2010 and Word 2007). Locate the Page Background tab and select Watermark . Select Remove Watermark . Your document should no longer display the watermark . 2) Check that you answered ALL the questions in the document 3) Check that your excel table and graph are present in the document 4) Save your work as a PDF file Experiment #3-2.pdf 5) Check that the PDF file reflects the work presented in the word document 6) Submit your Experiment #3-2.pdf file

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version