Lab 215 Ohm’s Law Current^J Voltage^J and Resistance Measurements

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab 215: Ohm’s Law – Current, Voltage, and Resistance Measurements Group ID: 6 Date of Experiment: 10/26/2021 Date of Report Submission: 11/2/2021 Phys 121A 001 Instructor: Sandun Amarasinghe 1. Introduction 1.1 Objectives - To learn to measure current with an ammeter, voltage with a voltmeter, and resistance with an ohmmeter. - To study the properties of Ohm’s Law and circuits of series, parallel and combination of series and parallel. - To study the characteristics of non-Ohmic device (LED) by measuring the voltage and correspondent current. 1.2 Theoretical Background The objective of this lab is to learn how to measure current, voltage with an ammeter and voltmeter. As well as learning about Ohm’s Law and how resistance is measured and related to it.

2. Experimental Procedure Equipment: Electronic connection board, DC Power supply, Electronic board connectors, Banana cables, Resistors (1 K Ω , 2.2 K Ω , 5.6 K Ω , 10 K Ω , one each), LED, Digital multimeter (x2, yellow one for accurate voltage measurement and black one for accurate current measurement).

3. Results and Calculations 3.1 Experimental Data Part I. Ohm’s Law and Measuring Current through an Electric Circuit 5.6k Resistor Measurement 1 2 3 4 5 6 V 2.894 6.074 9.05 15.05 17.96 20.44 I (mA) 0.521 1.095 1.631 2.72 3.25 3.70 Part II. Series Circuits voltage (V total ) in V = 11.73

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current (I total ) in mA = 0.703 Resistance 1k Ω 5.6k Ω 10k Ω Voltage (V) 0.700 3.899 7.13 Vtotal = 0.700 + 3.899 + 7.13 = 11.729 Resistance 1k Ω 5.6k Ω 10k Ω I (mA) 0.702 0.702 0.702 Part III. Parallel Circuits Voltage (V total ) = 11.64 Current (I total ) = 15.04 Resistance 1k Ω 5.6k Ω 10k Ω I (mA) 11.81 2.12 1.16 Ctotal = 11.81 + 2.12 + 1.16 = 15.09 Resistance 1k Ω 5.6k Ω 10k Ω Voltage (V) 11.64 11.64 11.64

Part IV. Combined Series and Parallel Circuits 4580k Ω = Rexp 5.6 * 10/5.6 + 10 = 3.589 k Rtotal(theory) = 1 + 3.589 = 4.589k Vtotal = I x R = 2.57 x 4.580 = 11.77 V Vc = (1/3.589 + 1) * 11.77 = 2.565 V theoretical 2.559 Actual Part V. Non-Ohmic Devices 1k Resistor Measurement 1 2 3 4 5 6 V 2.541 2.645 2.725 2.812 2.899 2.975 I (mA) 0.096 1.154 3.29 6.50 10.37 14.15

4. Discussion and Analysis Questions: Part 1: 5a. How does it compare with the result you obtained from the slope of the graph in the voltage vs. current plot? - The slope of the graph equals to about 5520.00 compared to the actual resistance of 5600 Ω , the difference isn’t too large. 5b. How does it compare with the color-coded value of 5600 Ω ? - (5600 – 5520)/5600 = 1.43% error

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Part 2: 5. Use Ohm’s law to determine the current which you would expect to be flowing through each resistor. a. Does this calculation give the same current flow through each resistor? - The current resistors are essentially the same. Part 4: 3. If the circuit is connected to the 12 V power supply, what current will flow from the power supply? - 11.77 V 4. What will the voltage across the Rc resistor be? - 2.565 V 5. Conclusions - In these experiments we learned how to acquire the voltage, current, and resistance measurements from a parallel circuit. Parallel circuits maintain the same voltage throughout the circuit while Series circuits maintain the same current. This lab also shows that Ohm’s Law is very plausible since most of our percent errors were very small.