Lab 1_ Error Analysis and Orientation

pdf

School

Massachusetts Institute of Technology *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

111

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Feb 20, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

Uploaded by burkevander

Lab 1: Error Analysis and Orientation Bryan Fatheree, Nicholas Molnoskey, Burke Vandervelden Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843, US. Abstract This lab’s focus was to familiarize ourselves with the equipment and get exposure to collecting data using the DAQ. The goal was to be able to interpret the data the DAQ collected and create different visualizations of our results. The DAQ would measure voltage, first the known voltage and then the unknown voltage. Though comparing interpretations of the data, the unknown voltage can be determined. Keywords: voltage, standard deviation, uncertainty _____________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction The goal of this lab is to determine the unknown voltage. Furthermore, this lab incorporates the calculation of mean, standard deviation, and uncertainty. This is mandatory because of the importance of displaying and analyzing data in a variety of visualizations to fully comprehend the relationship of the information. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ? = ∑ 𝑛 𝑖=1 𝑛 𝑖 𝑛 Equation 1: mean/average ____________________________________________________________________________________ 𝜎 = √ ∑ 𝑛 𝑖=1 (? 𝑖 −? ) 2 𝑛 Equation 2: standard deviation ____________________________________________________________________________________ ?𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑟?𝑎𝑖𝑛?? = 𝜎 √𝑛 Equation 3: uncertainty ____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Experimental Procedure The goal of the first part of this lab was to analyze a known voltage. We began by connecting to the Jetson machine with the commands given to us by our TA. First, we measured the known voltage with the DAQ and assessed the measurement uncertainty of the device. The voltage we decided to test at was 4V. We then ran the python code also provided to us, to output our data into a csv file. Given this csv file we were able to analyze the data, in time and voltage, as well as number of samples, we then found the running average of the voltage and the uncertainty. We first graphed the running average and followed by graphing the uncertainty. Our Average voltage we found was 4.009258444V , which is very close to 4V and is off probably due to human error. The second part of this lab was to run the same experiment, but this time to determine an unknown voltage. After running a different python code provided to us by our TA, it outputted a second csv file, also giving us the time, voltage and number of samples.. We graphed time vs voltage to determine that the unknown voltage alternated between ~2.3V and ~4.3V. 3. Results and Analysis The first part of the lab consisted of us analyzing a known voltage. To accomplish this, we used equation 1 which gave us the average of the data. This uses a rolling average of the data set so that we are able to see the average from each consecutive data point and illustrate that in Figure 2. We then used equation 3 to find the uncertainty for this average and illustrated that in Figure 1. After which we found the aggregate average and average uncertainty to be 4.009258444 ± 0.002584581265V. Figure 1: Uncertainty of voltage as a function of the number of samples Figure 2: Average voltage as a function of the number of samples The second part of the lab had us identify an unknown voltage, and so we used equations 1 and 3 to find the average value of the voltage and then the uncertainty for the unknown voltage. After calculating, the average value and uncertainty for the mystery voltage was found to be

3.312650391± 0.4986648897 V. The uncertainty was higher than the first part due to the varying nature of the mystery voltage graph. Figure 3: Mystery voltage as a function of time 4. Conclusions For the first part of the lab where we analyze the known voltage, we created a rolling known voltage average vs number of samples graph shown in Figure 2. We also found that the uncertainty for this voltage seemed to decrease as the sample size increased which we can see in Figure 1. For the mystery voltage however, this would not be found because of the fact that the voltage varies between ~2.3V and ~4.3V, shown in Figure 3. Because of this, the calculated uncertainty is considerably higher than the uncertainty from the known voltage, again due to a lack of a constant voltage.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version