Informative Speech Working Outline Template 2022-2-2
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Old Dominion University *
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Apr 3, 2024
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Working Outline Template Name: Faith Robertson
- Informative Speech -
Class: COMM 101R T/Th 9:30-10:45am
Date: 03/12/2024
Topic: Trichotillomania
INTRODUCTION
General Purpose: To Inform
Specific Purpose: “At the end of my speech, the audience will be able to accurately define ‘Trichotillomania’, identify the symptoms and causes of the disorder, and identify potential treatment options offered. I intend to
raise awareness about this disorder and reduce the stigma surrounding it, to empower individuals who also struggle with it to seek the help they need.”
Central Idea (Thesis): “Trichotillomania is a mental health disorder characterized by the irresistible urge to pull out one’s hair, which can have significant physical, emotional, and social consequences. I will discuss the symptoms, causes, and potential treatments to hopefully raise awareness, reduce the negative stigma, and empower people affected by this disorder to seek help.”
“The HOOK”: “Has anyone in here happened to notice my lack of eyebrows and eyelashes? Can anyone tell me
why they think that is? I have a disorder called Trichotillomania. I pull out my hair. I have been struggling with this disorder since I was a child. I know what you might be thinking. Why don’t you just stop? Well, it’s not that simple. It’s kind of like an itch you just can’t ignore.”
BODY
I.
Main Point #1 (Supports your thesis) -- Prevalence and Symptoms: a.
“Trichotillomania is classified as an impulse control disorder, which is a group of behavioral conditions that involve difficulty resisting the urge to perform certain actions that are often repetitive or harmful in nature. In the case of trich, the irresistible urge to pull manifests primarily from the scalp but also from the eyebrows, eyelashes, and other areas of the body. There are two ways in which this behavior can be done: automatic pulling and focused pulling.
b.
Sub-Point: “According to Duke et al., automatic hair pulling is described as occurring generally out of awareness, while the individual is absorbed in thought or involved in another task. Focused hair pulling is characterized by occupying the individual’s attention, and is associated with more intense urges, mounting tension, and thoughts of hair-pulling.” c.
Sub-Point: For example, a person with trich may find themselves absent-mindedly pulling at their hair while watching TV or studying, or they may spend hours standing in the mirror searching for the “perfect” strand of hair to pull.
d.
Sub-Point: “Contrary to popular belief, this disorder is more common than people think. The true prevalence is not known due to underreporting and misdiagnosis, but according to The Recovery Village, some researchers estimate the lifetime prevalence rate to be between 0.5% and 2.0% in America. Additionally, this disorder is seen to affect more women than men, with a ratio of 4 to 1.
e.
Sub-Point: “According to Sah et al., the diagnostic criteria for trich from the DSM-IV, which is the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, includes (A) recurrent pulling of one’s hair resulting in noticeable hair loss, (B) an increasing sense of tension immediately prior to pulling out the hair or when attempting to resist the behavior, (C) pleasure, gratification, or relief when pulling out the hair, (D) the disturbance is not better accounted for by another mental disorder and is not due to a general medical condition, (E) the disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.”
f.
Sub-Point: “The symptoms of trich can vary in severity and frequency and can also change over time. Some people who suffer from trich may pull their hair out on a daily basis, while others may only do it a few times a year. The severity of hair loss can also vary, from small, barely noticeable patches to large, bald areas.”
Transition (Slide)
II.
Main Point #2 (Supports your thesis) -- Consequences:
a.
Physical consequences: trichobezoars, scalp bleeding, skin infections, skin irritation, carpal tunnel syndrome, permanent hair loss
b.
Sub-Point: “According to Duke et al., it is estimated that 5%-18% of patients with TTM ingest their hair, this is called trichophagia. This can result in serious medical complications due to the formation of trichobezoars, which can cause abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, weakness, and weight loss. Scalp bleeding, skin infections and irritation can arise because of constant pulling. Carpal tunnel syndrome can develop from the repetitive motion of pulling hair. Lastly, the constant and repetitive pulling of the hair can damage the hair follicles, leading to permanent hair loss.”
c.
Emotional consequences: low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, shame, embarrassment
d.
Sub-Point: “People who suffer from this disorder may experience severe emotional distress. They may feel embarrassed, ashamed, or self-conscious about their appearance. This can lead to low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety.”
e.
Social consequences: social withdrawal/isolation, difficulty maintaining relationships, bullying
f.
Sub-Point: “These physical and emotional consequences can also have a significant impact on a person’s social life. Many people who suffer from this disorder may withdraw from social interactions out of fear of judgment or ridicule. They may struggle to maintain relationships
with friends and family members who may not fully understand this disorder or how to support the person struggling. Additionally, people with trich may be more susceptible to bullying or teasing due to their visible hair loss, which can worsen feelings of shame and isolation.”
Transition
(Slide)
III.
Main Point #3 (Supports your thesis) -- Causes:
“The exact cause of trich is unknown, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of psychological, biological, and environmental factors.”
a.
age, gender, genes, other mental health disorders, stress, and boredom.
b.
Sub-Point: “According to Moring, age can play a factor given that the onset is typically in adolescence (the early teens between ages 10 and 13), and some doctors believe this disorder could be linked to changes in hormones during puberty. Genes are another factor given that this disorder can be passed on if another member of the family has it. Gender could play a factor and could just be more prevalent in women. However, it is possible that the stigma surrounding men struggling with trich might be worse, making it harder for them to seek help or talk about it. Other mental health disorders are also considerable factors given that a person who struggles with trich likely has other mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Stress is another factor given that extreme stress can sometimes trigger trich. Lastly, boredom can play a factor given that some people begin pulling their hair to cope with boredom, which can turn into a harmful habit.”
IV.
Main Point #3 (Supports your thesis) -- Treatments:
a.
Non-pharmacologic interventions, pharmacologic interventions, and behavior therapy
b.
Sub-Point: “According to Sah et al., non-pharmacologic interventions such as cognitive-
behavioral therapy and habit reversal training have been shown to be effective techniques in treating trich. Pharmacologic interventions such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, or other antidepressant medications may be prescribed to help manage symptoms of trich. These medications should help regulate serotonin levels in the brain, which may play a role in the development of impulse control disorders. Behavior therapy,
such as acceptance and commitment therapy or dialectical behavioral therapy, can also be beneficial in treating trich.”
c.
“According to Moring, there are other healthy ways for people with trich to help themselves resist the urge to pull. These include finding distractions such as fidgeting with a toy or arts and crafts, creating new routines or rituals like physical exercise, practicing stress management and mindfulness by doing deep breathing exercises or meditation, and lastly making it harder to get at the pulling site by wearing hats, scarves, tips on your fingers, or just getting rid of them tweezers.”
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d.
“It is important for people with this disorder to work with qualified mental health professionals to determine the most effective treatment approach for their symptoms.
Transition (Slide)
V.
Main Point #4 (Supports your thesis) -- Awareness and Stigma:
“Awareness plays a crucial role in addressing the challenges associated with this disorder. Raising awareness can help reduce the negative stigma surrounding trich and foster a more understanding and supportive environment. Many people with this disorder suffer in silence which is why it is important to be vulnerable and understanding to one another. The more we talk about it, the more we realize we aren’t alone.”
Transition (Slide)
CONCLUSION
VI.
Final Reinforcement: “I encourage you all to learn a little more about this disorder on your own time and to be supportive of those who are struggling with this disorder. Together, we can help break the silence and create a more understanding and supportive environment for those affected by trichotillomania.”
“As I stated before, trich is a mental health disorder that can have detrimental physical, emotional, and social effects on a person’s life. However, it is important to remember that there is hope for recovery. With the right treatment, people who suffer from trich can learn to manage their symptoms and live happy lives. I discussed the symptoms, causes, and potential treatment options offered and I also addressed the importance of raising awareness. Thank you for listening.”
VII.
Works Cited (Use MLA Style formatting)
VIII.
Visual Aids Section: Included in power point
Duke, Danny C., et al. “Trichotillomania: A Current Review.” Clinical Psychology Review
, vol. 30, no. 2, 2009,
pp. 181–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.10.008
.
Moring, Nechama F. Sammet. “Trichotillomania: Understanding the Hairpulling Disorder.” WebMD
, 8 Dec. 2023, www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/trichotillomania
. Accessed 17 Mar. 2024.
Sah, Deborah E., et al. “Trichotillomania.” Dermatologic Therapy
, vol. 21, no. 1, Mar. 2008, pp. 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8019.2008.00165.x
.
The Recovery Village. “7 Common Myths About Trichotillomania.” The Recovery Village
, edited by Camille Renzoni, 8 May 2023, www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/trichotillomania/trichotillomania-
myths
. Accessed 17 Mar. 2024.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1529-8019.2008.00165.x
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735809001445?
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https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/trichotillomania/trichotillomania-myths/
https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/trichotillomania