Milestone One

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Feb 20, 2024

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3-2 Final Project Milestone One: Problem Identification Draft Chloe Smith May 30, 2021 Problem Identification Elementary school children with low academic performance have a greater risk of developing behavioral, emotional, and social difficulties. Research shows that low academic performance is related to frequent, persistent, and serious delinquent activity (Kremer, Flower, Huang, & Vaughn 2016). To improve academic achievement a stronger school and parent partnership can be formed. Parental involvement is a key factor in a child’s academic success. A parent is a primary influence in a child’s understanding of how the world works. A parent teaches a child the skills necessary to achieve academic success. When a parent is actively involved in their child’s education improves student motivation and encourages them to complete their academic tasks while developing their learning habits (Ali, Ullah, Shah, Ali, Khan, Shakoor, Begum, & Ahmad 2020). Over the last year students had to participate in distance education due to the pandemic. This has left more students behind than ever before. Prevalence In Clark County School District in Nevada there was a dramatic increase in the number of failing grades given out. When compared to the number of failing grades given in the 2019- 2020 school year, 90.4% of schools in the district gave out more failing grades in the first semester in the 2020-2021 school year than the previous year (Valley 2021). Nearly 41% of elementary students, 33% of middle school, and 37% of high school students received at least

one failing grade, a 10% increase when compared to the previous year. Both schools and parents need to find a way to help children bounce back from this. Together as a team parents, students, and teachers can work together to develop new goals to help the student achieve success. To further help the students succeed there should be more emphasis put on parent involvement and family engagement. There have been 6 different types of parental involvement identified and recognized by educational professionals which included parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision making, and collaborating with the community (Epstein & Sheldon 2006). Parenting is about the home environment that is created to support learning. Home-School Communication is about the effective two-way communication about school progress and the student’s progress that occurs. Volunteering is about finding ways to help at the school or within the district. Learning at home is the way schools and families work together to help with homework or other school-related activities. Decision making involves the collaboration between families and schools when making decisions or having an opportunity to have input on policies or things that may affect their students education. Then the last of the 6 types of parent involvement is collaborating with the community which is about developing a partnership with the community which strengthens school programs, family practices, and student learning. Families may participate in all or some of these things. One program that could be beneficial in improving academic performance and family engagement is Even Start Family Literacy Program. Assessment of Resources The Even Start Family Literacy Program is for elementary school aged children and families. This is a nationally recognized program with a four component model. These four components are adult education including ESL and adult literacy, early childhood education,

parenting education including but not limited to literacy, discipline, school involvement, and health and wellness. And lastly Parent and Child Together (PACT) which is a weekly class where parent have the opportunity to practice the skills learned throughout the week with their children and teachers. It is important to understand that parents and families are diverse. Not every family is going to have the same ability to be engaged at the same levels so teachers need to be flexible and understanding. There are currently no PACT courses in Clark County. PACT is an in-home counseling and skill building program. Other possible courses could be assessed and replace PACT when continuing with the Even Start model. CCSD advises that parents can call schools to find out which parenting classes they can participate in. One example is Boys Town Nevada which is an organization that works with local CCSD schools to provide services that include In-Home Family Services and Common Sense Parenting classes. These help ensure families are supported and develop the skills necessary to maintain a safe and stable environment for their children (Boys Town Nevada 2020). Impact of the Problem Students with low academic achievement are at high risk for behavioral and emotional difficulties. There is an apparent relationship between low academic performance and significantly greater behavioral, emotional, and social problems (Kremer, Flower, Huang, & Vaughn 2016). These can impact others including peers and community members. Low academic performance can be improved through greater parental involvement and family engagement. The Even Start program would provide the opportunity for regular parent meetings and parental involvement in academics. Improving literacy improves academic success and future career opportunities.

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References Ali, N., Ullah, A., Shah, M., Ali, A., Khan, S. A., Shakoor, A., Begum, A., & Ahmad, S. (2020). School role in improving parenting skills and academic performance of secondary schools students in Pakistan. Heliyon, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05443 Boys Town Nevada. (2020). Welcome to Boys Town Nevada. Boys Town. https://www.boystown.org/locations/nevada/Pages/default.aspx . Epstein, J. & Sheldon, S. (2006). Moving Forward: Ideas for Research on School, Family, and Community Partnerships. SAGE handbook for research in education: Engaging ideas and enriching inquiry. Kremer, K. P., Flower, A., Huang, J., & Vaughn, M. G. (2016). Behavior problems and children's academic achievement: A test of growth-curve models with gender and racial differences. Children and youth services review, 67, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.06.003 Valley, J. (2021). Failing grades increase during remote learning in the Clark County School District. The Nevada Independent. https://thenevadaindependent.com/article/failing- grades-increase-during-remote-learning-in-the-clark-county-school-district .

Milestone One

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