Module 2 Problem Set_ Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher

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12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 1/16 Module 2 Problem Set Due No due date Points 10 Questions 21 Time Limit None Attempt History Attempt Time Score LATEST Attempt 1 110 minutes 10 out of 10 Score for this quiz: 10 out of 10 Submitted Jul 31 at 5:44pm This attempt took 110 minutes. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 1 Your Answer: Define hydrocarbon. A hydrocarbon is a fully saturated chain of carbons and hydrogens Answer: Molecules composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 2 Your Answer: What are the two major classes of hydrocarbon compounds?
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 2/16 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Answer: Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes) and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (benzene) Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 3 Your Answer: Describe the fundamental structural differences between alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Alkanes have a c-c bond Alkenes have a minimum of one C=C bond Alkynes have a minimum of one Answer: AlkANES have only C-C single bonds (saturated). AlkENES have at least one C=C. AlkYNES have at least one C≡C. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 4 Name the following alkanes using IUPAC systematic nomenclature methodology:
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 3/16 Your Answer: A. 4-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane B. 1,1,3-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE C. 1,3,3-Trichlorobutane D. 3-Methylhexane Answer: A. 4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane B. 1,1,3-trimethylcyclohexane C. 1,3,3-trichlorobutane D. 3-methylhexane Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 5 Two different Newman projections of a linear alkane molecule are shown below. Answer the questions which follow.
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12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 4/16 Your Answer: i) What is the IUPAC name of the molecule shown? ii) Label each projection as staggered or eclipsed. iii) What term describes the relationship between these two conformations? iv) Which of the two conformations would be more stable? Explain. 1. butane 2. staggered 3. eclipsed 4. These two conformations are bonded 5. a) is more stable Answer i) Butane ii) A = staggered , B = eclipsed iii) Rotamers iv) A would be more stable, as a staggered conformation removes some repulsion that occurs when the electrons in the bonding orbitals are aligned directly on top of one another (eclipsed). Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 6 Arrange the following molecules in order of increasing boiling point . Provide a brief explanation for the order that you chose.
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 5/16 Your Answer: C > A > B C has the lowest boiling point as the branching makes the molecule more compact/symmetrical which lowers surface area A has the second highest boiling point as it has greater mass than B B has the lowest boiling as it is the lowest mass Answer: B < C < A B has the lowest molecular weight (5 carbons), while the others have 7 carbons, so B has the lowest BP. Between A and C, A is linear, while C is branched. The greater the branching (for a given MW) the lower the BP as the intermolecular forces are lessened. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 7 Your Answer: Label each of the following as cis or trans . A. Cis B. Trans
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 6/16 Answer: A = cis isomer B= trans isomer Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 8 Your Answer: Name the two major reaction types associated with alkanes. 1 Oxidation 2. Substitution Answer: Oxidation (combustion) and Radical Halogenation (Substitution) Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 9 Your Answer: What is the definition of unsaturation in a hydrocarbon molecule? An unsaturated hydrocarbon does not have maximum hydrogens for each bond,
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12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 7/16 Answer: Molecules that have a lower hydrogen-to-carbon ratio than their saturated hydrocarbon counterparts. The multiple bonds between carbons occupy valence spaces that would otherwise be occupied by hydrogen atoms. The C=C and the C≡C define a functional group for this class of hydrocarbons. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 10 Your Answer: Name the following alkenes and alkynes using IUPAC systematic nomenclature methodology: a. cyclopropene b. 2-ethyl-heptene c. 1-ethyl-proplyn d. 1,3-pentadiene Answer: A = cyclobutene B = 2-methyl-2-pentene (2-methylpent-2-ene) C = 4-methyl-2-pentyne (4-methylpent-2-yne) D= 1,3-pentadiene (penta-1,3-diene)
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 8/16 Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 11 Your Answer: Label each of the following as cis or trans If no cis/trans isomerism is possible for a given compound, indicate “not possible”. A. trans B. not possible C) D) Answer: A = trans B = not possible C= cis D = trans Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 12 The reaction shown below is a typical reaction of alkenes and is generally known as what?
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 9/16 Your Answer: Addition Answer: An addition reaction. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 13 Your Answer: Classify each of the following addition reactions of alkenes as either a halogenation, hydration, hydrogenation, or the addition of an acid: A. Hydration B. Addition of acids C. Halogenation D. Addition of hydrogen
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12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 10/16 Answer: A = hydration B = Addition of an acid C = Halogenation D = Hydrogenation Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 14 Your Answer: Which two reactions can serve as qualitative tests for the presence of an alkene in an organic molecule? 1. Bromine Halogenation 2. Oxidation with Potassium Permanganate test Answer: Addition of bromine (bromination and Addition of Sulfuric Acid Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 15 Name the following aromatic molecules using IUPAC systematic nomenclature methodology.
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 11/16 Your Answer: A. 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene B. cumene C. 3-ethyl-o-xylene Answer: A = 1,3,5-tricholorobenzene B= isopropylbenzene C= 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylbenzene Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 16 For the following structure, indicate the number(s) that correspond to positions that are ortho, meta, or para , relative to R:
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 12/16 Your Answer: 1: ortho 2: meta 3: para Answer: Ortho = 1 and 5 Meta = 2 and 4 Para – 3 Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 17 Your Answer: Explain why aromatic rings like benzene tend to undergo substitution rather than addition reactions (even with the presence of multiple C=C). Addition would destroy the conjugation and spoil the aromaticity (stability) of the ring system An electrophile is a chemical species that seeks electrons. Electrophiles themselves are electron-deficient and possess a (+) electrical charge or a +. The electrophile attacks the ring, bonding to a carbon and temporarily disrupting the aromaticity. Rather than a simple addition, the aromaticity of the ring is restored by a chemical species that removes a hydrogen atom and donates the electrons from the C-H bond back into the ring restoring the aromaticity.
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12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 13/16 Answer: Benzene derivatives react by substitution (replacement of the H atoms on the ring with other groups) instead of addition. Addition to the C=C in the ring would destroy the conjugation of the C=C bonds and spoil the aromaticity (stability) of the ring system. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 18 Your Answer: Match each term to the correct definition: Term Definition 1. Acyclic A. Molecules whose carbon skeletons contain one or more rings of carbon atoms 2. Carbocyclic (cyclic) B. Cyclic molecules in which one or more of the atoms making up the ring are elements other than carbon. 3. Heterocyclic C. Molecules whose skeletons do not contain any rings 1:C 2:B 3:A
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 14/16 Answer: 1. = C 2. = A 3. = B Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 19 Your Answer: What is the definition of a functional group? A functional group is a group of atoms connected in a specific pattern that gives a molecule known properties and reactivity. Answer: A functional group is a group of atoms connected in a specific pattern that gives a molecule known properties and reactivity. Not yet graded / 0 pts Question 20 Identify each functional group by matching the name to the correct core structural formula. (match the number to the correct letter).
12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 15/16 Your Answer: 1. E 2. O 3. A 4. K 5. F 6. N 7. C 8. I 9. B 10. M 11. H 12. G 13. L 14. J 15. J 16. D
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12/14/23, 8:43 PM Module 2 Problem Set: Principles of Organic Chemistry with Lab-2021-Gallaher https://portagelearning.instructure.com/courses/1430/quizzes/35851?module_item_id=151511 16/16 Answer: 1. E 6. N 11. H 2. O 7. C 12. G 3. A 8. I 13. L 4. K 9. B 14. D 5. F 10. M 15. J Not yet graded / 10 pts Question 21 Your Answer: As a reminder, the questions in this review quiz are a requirement of the course and the best way to prepare for the module exam. Did you complete all questions in their entirety? Yes Quiz Score: 10 out of 10 This quiz score has been manually adjusted by +10.0 points.