Enthalpy of Neutralization Notebook

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School

Saint Joseph's University *

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Course

120

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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3

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Enthalpy of Neutralization Jing Maniaci 14 th November 2023 Results: Part A: Neutralization of 1.00 M HCl with 1.00 M NaOH Trial 1 Trial 2 Total volume after mixing 100.39 100.22 T initial 22.5 22.7 T final 30.1 30.2 Δ T 7.6 7.5 Part B: Neutralization of 0.500 M HCl with 0.500 M NaOH Trial 1 Trial 2 Total volume after mixing 100.27 100.18 T initial 22.8 22.9 T final 26.7 26.4 Δ T 3.9 3.5 Part A (1.00 M HCl and 1.00 M NaOH) Part B (0.500 M HCl and 0.500 M NaOH) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 1 Trial 2
Δ T at mixing 7.6 7.5 3.9 3.5 Mass of calorimeter, empty 27.32g 28.35 28.38 28.57 Mass of calorimeter, full 127.71 128.57 128.65 128.75 Mass of resulting solution 100.39 100.22 100.27 100.18 q solution 3.189 kJ 3.141 kJ 1.635 kJ 1.466 kJ q reaction -3.189 -3.141 -1.635 -1.466 Δ H neutralization -3.189 -3.141 -1.635 -1.466 Moles of HCl reacted 0.05 moles 0.025 moles molar Δ H neutralization -63.78 -62.82 -65.4 -58.64 Average molar Δ H neutralization -63.3 -62.02 Overall average molar Δ H neutralization -62.66 Difference between two average molar Δ H neutralization -1.28 Percent difference between two average molar Δ H neutralization 2.04 Calculations for Trial 1: Δ T at mixing: T final - T initial 30.1 – 22.5 = 7.6 Mass of calorimeter, empty 27.32g Mass of calorimeter, full 127.71g Mass of resulting solution: Mass of calorimeter, full – Mass of calorimeter, empty 127.71 – 27.32 = 100.39g q solution : = mcΔT = 100.39g * 4.18 J/(g°C) * 7.6°C = 3.189 kJ q reaction : = - q solution = -3.189 Δ H neutralization : = -q reaction = -3.189 Moles of HCl reacted: 0.05 moles molar Δ H neutralization : q reaction /moles of HCL reacted -3.189/0.05 = -63.78 Average molar Δ H neutralization : (Trial 1 molar Δ H neutralization + Trial 2 molar Δ H neutralization ) / 2 = ( -63.78 + -62.82) / 2 = -63.3 Overall average molar Δ H neutralization : (Part A Average molar Δ H neutralization + Part B Average molar Δ H neutralization ) / 2
= (-63.3 + -62.02) / 2 = -62.66 Difference between two average molar Δ H neutralization : (Part A Average molar Δ H neutralization - Part B Average molar Δ H neutralization ) = -63.3 - -62.02 = -1.28 Percent difference between two average molar Δ H neutralization : (Difference between two average molar Δ H neutralization / Overall average molar Δ H neutralization ) * 100 = (-1.28 / -62.66) * 100 = 2.04 % Conclusion: In this lab, the average molar ΔH neutralization for Part A was -63.3 kJ/mol; for Part B, it was -62.02 kJ/mol. The overall average molar ΔH neutralization came out to be -62.66 kJ/mol. The percent difference between the two average molar ΔH neutralization was 2.04%. Two areas in the procedure that could have affected our results for the average molar ΔH neutralization were in step 6 we did not rinse the calorimeter, thermometer, and stirrer with deionized water and wipe them dry before repeating steps 3 through 5 for Trial 2. This could make the weight higher than what it was and maybe alter the temperature if there were excess HCL or NaOH on the materials. Another possible source of error that happened was we did not wait the full five minutes to have the thermometer reading system stabilize to record the initial temperature reading. Overall this lab went pretty well and the main takeaway for this lab was to find the effect of the concentrations of the reactants on the heat and molar heat of neutralization.
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