CHM 101L M1 Intro to Science Lab Report Kristen

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Jan 9, 2024

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Faster Plop, Plop, Fizz, Fizz: A Scientific Method Investigation Kristen Brown 11/5/2023

1 Data Activity 1 1. State a hypothesis for Activity 1 using an “if/then” statement. Remember to create a statement that is able to be tested empirically. Data Table 1 Run No. Cup Temp. (˚C) Time (sec.) Observations 1 C 0 2.30 Slowest; did not float to top; left residue 1 RT 18 1.10 2 nd ; rose to surface; no residue 1 H 35 0.27 Fastest; rose to surface; no residue 2 C 2 2.52 Slower than first test; stayed on the bottom again and still left residue 2 RT 20 0.40 Significantly faster than last test; rose midway; left residue 2 H 34 0.25 Somewhat same time; rose to top; no residue 3 C 1 2.17 Closer to first test; still dissolved on the bottom; left residue in cup 3 RT 22 0.27 Fastest recorded time for the RT water; tablet rose to surface and left no residue 3 H 33 0.10 Significantly faster than both previous recorded times; did not change anything for it to be that quick either; no residue and floated to surface Avg. C 1 2.33 N/A Avg. RT 20 0.59 N/A Avg. H 34 0.62 N/A 2. Using graphing software such as Excel®, graph the results of Activity 1. Please see the Introduction to Graphing manual for guidance. © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company

2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 2.3 1.1 0.27 2.52 0.4 0.25 2.17 0.27 0.1 Time (sec.) temperature (Celsius) Time (Seconds) 3. What are the two variables that you graphed? Temperature and time 4. Which is the independent variable? Should it be on the X- or Y-axis? Why? -Temperature; X axis; will be easier to map out an increase or decrease in the graph if you go by what temperature each variable dissolved at 5. Which is the dependent variable? Should it be on the X- or Y-axis? Why? -Time; Y axis; this will record an increase or decline in the graph itself 6. Predict how many seconds it will take to dissolve an Alka-Seltzer® tablet in 200 mL of water at the following temperatures. Use the exponential trend line to find the function used in predicting the time. If needed, please refer to the Introduction to Graphing manual for guidance. a. 35°C 0.27 © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company

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3 b. 60°C c. 80°C Activity 2 7. List five questions about the rate at which Alka-Seltzer® tablets dissolve if the temperature was held constant and one of the controlled variables was changed. -Does the delay in each run effect the temperature of the water as it sits? -Could the thermometer be off? -Could the tablets not be the exact same sizes, thus causing a delay in time? -Could the differing dissolve times be caused by human error? -Could the Alka-Seltzer tablets be expired, causing a time delay? 8. Develop a new hypothesis based on one of the questions. Remember that a hypothesis must be testable with empirical or measurable data. Activity 2 Table State the hypothesis. I think my temperatures previously weren’t consistent. I will be making a large batch of cold water, hot water, and tap water to do all three runs at the same time instead of spaced out enough to effect the temperatures. Identify the independent variable. Temperature(Celsius) Identify the dependent variable. Time(Seconds) List the controlled variables. Temperature and tablets/size of tablets How will the dependent variable be measured? Timer/stopwatch If the hypothesis is true, what results are expected? If my hypothesis is true, I will be able to better predict the exact time and temperature the tablets dissolve © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company

5 Data Table 2 Run No. Manipulated Variable (temp) Time (sec.) Observations 1 (c) 0 2.29 Close to the time of the previous runs; last; left residue; dissolved on bottom of cup 1 (TR) 18 1.12 Close to the first run of data table 1; little residue; dissolved at the top 1 (H) 34 0.26 Also close to the first run of data table 1; no residue, dissolved at the top; first to dissolve 2 (C) 0 2.31 Closer to what I was expecting from data table one; almost exact observations; last to dissolve 2 (TR) 17 1.10 More consistent timing than data table one; left little residue 2 (H) 35 0.27 Very similar to run 1; left no residue 3 (C) 1 2.30 Pleased with the timing consistency of this since it differed so much in the last set 3 (TR) 19 1.12 Also pleased with the time of this one since it differed a lot in the last set as well 3 (H) 35 0.28 Very similar to previous times; was first to dissolve Avg. 0.3 2.3 N/A Avg. 18 1.11 N/A Avg. 35 0.27 N/A What could have been done in either activity to make the results more reproducible? Doing a giant batch of each water and then executing at the same time seemed to fix the issue of the differing times. I had access to people to plop them in at the same time for me instead of doing each run by myself and not having a consistent water temp because of the time delay. © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company

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