Chapter 14 Homewor Exercises Acids and Bases

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Chapter 14 Homework Exercises Acids and Bases 1. A solu’on is made by adding 0.39 mol of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) in enough water to form 5 L of solu’on. Calculate the pH. Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 2. In a 0.04 M solu’on of chlorous acid, what percentage of the acid is ionized to the chlorous anion, ClO 2 - ? K a = 1.1 x 10 -2 Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ percent ionized 3. An aqueous solu’on containing 0.32 M of unknown base has a measured pH equal to 8.22. What is the value of pK b for the unknown base? Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 4. Determine the pH of a 0.16 M aqueous solu’on of ammonia. K b (NH 3 ) = 1.8x10 -5 . Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 5. Lac’c acid, HC 3 H 5 O 3 , is a monopro’c acid that dissociates in aqueous solu’on. If a solu’on containing 0.50 M lac’c acid is 1.66 percent dissociated to ionic form, calculate the value of K a for lac’c acid. Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 6. If the concentra’on of an acid in solu’on is 2.2 ’mes larger than the concentra’on of its conjugate base, and the pH of the solu’on is 4.8, what is the pK a of the acid? Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ Optional Exercises 1. Calculate the percentage of ace’c acid that exists in ionized form when dissolved in water at 0.9 M total concentra’on. K a (HOAc) = 1.76 x 10 -5 .

Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ % 2. The acid ioniza’on constants for H 2 SO 4 are K a1 = ∞ K a2 = 1.2×10 -2 What is the pH of a 0.109 M aqueous solu’on of NaHSO 4 ? Enter the value with the appropriate number of significant figures. ⓘ 3. In a 0.4 M solu’on of sodium acetate, what concentra’on of hydronium ions comes from the self- ioniza’on of water? pK b for acetate anion is 9.246 Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ M 4. Predict the pH of a 0.350 M solu’on of sodium acetate. The pKa of ace’c acid is 4.8 Enter the value with the appropriate number of significant figures. ⓘ 5. A solu’on of carbonic acid has its pH adjusted to 7.99 by addi’on of strong base. What is the equilibrium concentra’on ra’o of carbonate ion to carbonic acid in the final solu’on? The acid dissocia’on constants for carbonic acid are pK 1 =6.35, pK 2 =10.33 [CO 3 2- ]/[H 2 CO 3 ]= Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 6. Compute the pH of a solu’on formed by adding 7.60 g of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) to enough water to make a 440 mL solu’on. The acid dissocia’on constants for carbonic acid are pK 1 =6.35, pK 2 =10.33 Enter the value with the appropriate number of significant figures. ⓘ 7. How many grams of benzoic acid would you add to 20 mL of 0.29M sodium benzoate in order to prepare a buffer solu’on at pH=4.5? K a of benzoic acid is 6.3E-5. Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ g 8.

Benzoic acid is used to ’trate an unknown base, and the pH of solu’on is recorded during the ’tra’on. Halfway to the ul’mate endpoint of the ’tra’on, the pH of solu’on was recorded at 7.6. What is the value of K b for the unknown base? Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 9. If equal volumes of 0.32 M ace’c acid and 0.2 M sodium hydroxide are mixed, what is the pH of the resul’ng solu’on? The pK a of ace’c acid is 4.75 Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 10. When 340.0 mL of 0.2 M benzoic acid is ’trated with 0.1 M NaOH, what is the pH of the solu’on afer 40 mL of base has been added? The pK a for benzoic acid is 4.19. Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 11. 110.0 mL of a .40 M solu’on of unknown weak acid is combined with 100.0 ml of a .25 M strong base, and the final pH of the solu’on is measured to be 4.24. What is the pK a of the unknown acid? Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 12. How many grams of potassium lactate (KC 3 H 5 O 3 ) must be added to 110.0 ml of 0.5 M lac’c acid in order to prepare a buffer solu’on at pH 2.7? The pK a of lac’c acid is 3.8. Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ g 13. How many grams of sodium nitrite must be added to 140.0 mL of 0.1 M nitrous acid in order to prepare a buffer solu’on at pH 4.3? The pK a of nitrous acid is 3.337. Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ grams 14. 100 mL of 0.2 M carbonic acid is ’trated with strong base to its second equivalence point, which occurs when 338.0 mL of the base has been added. What is the pH of solu’on at the second equivalence point? The acid dissocia’on constants for carbonic acid are pK 1 =6.35, pK 2 =10.33 Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ 15.

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When 30 mL of 0.379 M sulfuric acid is ’trated with a standard solu’on of 0.202 M NaOH solu’on, what volume of base is required to reach the second equivalence point of the ’tra’on? Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ mL 16. When a 50 mL sample of KOH solu’on is ’trated with a standard solu’on of 0.579 M benzoic acid, it takes 25.65 mL to reach the equivalence point of the ’tra’on. What was the original concentra’on of the base? Include at least 3 significant figures in your answer. ⓘ M 17. When a 22.6 mL aliquot of NaOH stock solu’on is ’trated with 0.240 M benzoic acid, the endpoint of the ’tra’on is observed at 18.9 mL added acid. What is the concentra’on of the NaOH stock solu’on? Enter the value with the appropriate number of significant figures. ⓘ M 18. When a 51.4 mL aliquot of 0.270 M ace’c acid is ’trated with 0.190 M NaOH, predict the endpoint of the ’tra’on. Enter the value with the appropriate number of significant figures. ⓘ mL added base

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