ENT201(001)Exam2LearyMadison

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Answer A, True. This is true because insects that migrate must travel great distances to reach their destination in time and it would be impossible without flight. ENT 201-001 Exam 2 This exam has 43 multiple choice questions with reasoning. All questions are worth 3 points. 1 point for the correct multiple choice answer and 2 points for the response. All questions require a response, which can either describe why a certain question is right, why the other answer choices are wrong, or to give more detail. Be specific and brief in your response answers. Ex. “Answer B. A is wrong because ____, C and D are wrong because _______.” This exam is open-notes. You may use your notes, online PowerPoints or Mediasite lectures, the texbook, or Google. You may not consult with a classmate or get help from someone for this exam. If I receive evidence that someone helped with your exam, you will receive a 0 grade for this exam. 1. All organisms within the endopterygota have which of the following characteristics? a. Antennae b. Chewing mouthparts c. Complete metamorphosis d. Both A and C Answer C. A and B are wrong because not all organisms within the endopterygota have antennae or chewing mouthparts. C is correct because they all go through complete metamorphosis, which is basically the definition of endopterygota. 2. Which of the following groups do not have an evolutionary ancestor with wings? a. Entognatha b. Collembola, Protura, and Diplura c. Archaeognatha and Zygentoma d. All of the above Answer C. A is wrong because Entognatha, Collembola, Protura, and Diplura all evolved from an ancestor with wings. 3. True or false. Only insects with wings can migrate. a. True b. False

Answer B. B is correct because pheromones are used to alert members in the same species of sexual attraction, alarm, dispersal, aggregation, and more. Answer A. B is wrong because lacewings are not in orthoptera. C is wrong because neither of those are in orthoptera. D is wrong because neither of those are in orthoptera. Answer C. C is the correct answer because Order Orthoptera do not have piercing- sucking, they have mandibulate mouthparts for biting and chewing. Answer D. Answer D is correct because those in the Order Blattodea (like cockroaches) do not have saltatorial hindlegs, or legs modified for jumping. 4. Pheromones are chemical messages exchanged between… a. Two individuals of a different species b. Two individuals of the same species c. Organs within the body d. All of the above 5. Which of the following insects are in orthoptera? a. Crickets, katydids, and grasshoppers b. Crickets, lacewings, and grasshoppers c. Butterflies and moths d. Cockroaches and termites 6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic found in Order Orthoptera? a. Tegmina b. Saltatorial hindlegs c. Piercing-sucking mouthparts d. File and scraper 7. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic found in Order Blattodea? a. Chewing mouthparts b. Tegmina c. Cerci d. Saltatorial hindlegs

8. Interspecies communication chemicals are called… a. Allelochemicals b. Pheromones c. Hormones d. Both A and C Answer B. B is correct because Allelochemicals are used for communication between different species and hormones are not used for interspecies communication. 9. Which of the following is NOT an example of an allomone? a. Potent beaded lacewing “farts” b. Mosquitoes following a CO2 plume from a mammal host c. A vingearoon shooting vinegar out of its abdomen to deter a predator d. Attractive smells from a venus fly trap Answer B. Answer B is not an allomone because the mosquito, who is considered the sender, is not emitting any chemicals to harm the mammal, the receiver. 10. Which of the following is NOT a response to an alarm signal? a. Aphids dropping off a plant b. Fire ants stinging at the same time c. Lightning bug bioluminescence d. Yellow jackets swarming Answer C. Lightning bus bioluminescence is not a response to an alarm, it is how the insects mate and is used for sexual attraction. 11. If a coffee berry borer beetle leaves a marker pheromone on a coffee cherry, which of the following is UNLIKELY to occur. a. She is signaling to other females that she has laid eggs in this cherry b. Other females will avoid this cherry c. Other beetles within the species will aggregate to this spot

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Answer C. The first two do occur. d. Both A and B e. All of the above are likely to occur 12. Termites are thought to be within Order Blattodea for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. Termites are closely related genetically to wood roaches b. Both groups have species with cellulose-digesting hindgut protozoa c. One family of termites still lay an ootheca d. Termites and cockroaches have similar antennae Answer D. Termites and cockroaches do not have similar antennae. 13. What is an ootheca? a. Egg case b. Sperm pouch c. Part of the ovaries d. Pollen basket Answer A. A is correct because by definition, ootheca is a egg packet. 14. Mosquitoes are attracted to which of the following cues a. Wing-beat frequency of a mate b. CO2 from a host c. Both A and B d. Stridulation Answer C. Answer D is not correct because mosquitoes are not attracted to stridulation.

Answer A, True. Luciferin has 40 percent efficiency while the bulb has 10 percent. 15. True or false. Luciferin transforms less energy into light than an incandescent bulb. a. True b. False 16. True or false. Male and female fireflies have different flash patterns. a. True b. False Answer A, True. Males flash patterns to attract females and females flash a different pattern to let a male know they’re interested. 17. For a cricket to mimic an ant as a nest parasite, it must mimic which of the following: a. The physical appearance of an ant b. Ant antennae structure c. Both A and B d. The exoskeleton chemical composition of an ant Answer C. D is not correct because they cannot mimic the exoskeleton chemical composition of an ant. 18. True or false. Indirect wing muscles allow for greater wing maneuverability than direct wing muscles. a. True b. False Answer A, True. Indirect wing muscles are the multiple small steering muscles that allow for faster wing beats and more maneuvers.

Answer A, True. A female butterfly “tastes” the plants with her feet and if she thinks the plant is the right host plant, she will lay her eggs there. False. They cause damage in the gregarious phase. 19. True or false. A butterfly will stop and lay eggs on an appropriate host plant while migrating. a. True b. False 20. Monarch butterflies exhibit which type of migration a. Nomadic b. Varied c. Seasonal d. Short-term Answer A. It is not varied, seasonal, or short term. 21. The desert locust causes most economic damage when it’s in its solitary phase. a. True b. False 22. Order Hemiptera do NOT have which of the following characteristics… a. Rasping-sucking mouthparts b. Can carry plant diseases c. Often have nutritional symbionts to feed on poor nutritional diets d. Half-membranous wings Answer B. They cannot carry plant diseases. 23. Shellac and cochineal scales come from which of the following orders…

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Answer B. Scaled insects are in the order hemiptera. Answer A. Honey bees and silkworms are domesticated because most of their life cycles are controlled by humans now. Answer C. The plants get most of their energy from photosynthesis and use insects to get nutrients they cannot get from their environment. a. Order Blattodea b. Order Hemiptera c. Order Neoptera d. Order Orthoptera 24. Which of the following is NOT true about cochineal (carmine)-produced dye… a. It is vibrant, dark blue b. It has been used in Mesoamerica since 2000 BCE c. It produces 30x more dye per ounce than previous dye types d. It is often found in some flavors of yogurt e. All of the above Answer A. It yields shades of red such as crimson and scarlet, not blue. 25. Two domesticated insects are… a. The honey bee and the silkworm b. The honey bee and the fruit fly c. The common garden cricket and the silkworm d. The common garden cricket and the Monarch butterfly 26. Which of the following is NOT true about insects as suppliers? a. Often, poikilothermic insects add an extra link in the food chain b. Eating animals provides higher nitrogen content than eating plants c. Eating insects provides most of the energy that venus fly traps need to survive d. Humans around the world enjoy insects in their diets

Answer C. The egg does not kill the host, the host can live with the eggs inside it. Answer D. Dung beetles eat cow poop, reduce horse flys by eating cow poop, and save the cattle industry millions of dollars annually. Answer A. Honey bees were brought over to America by European settlers. 27. Which of the following is NOT true about parasitoids? a. They can be purchased online and released in agricultural fields b. They can be tricky to line up with a host life cycle c. The egg developing inside always kills its host d. They are almost always generalists 28. Why are termites so important? a. They return nutrients locked up in plant cellulose back into the soil b. They can cause significant economic damage to homes c. They are one of a few groups of insects that’s entirely asexual d. Both A and B e. All of the above Answer C. Termites break down tough plant fibers and turn dead trees back into new soil, but they also damage people’s homes by destroying the wood. 29. Dung beetles can help… a. Improve cattle feeding by reducing cow patties b. Reduce horn fly populations c. Save the American cheeseburger d. All of the above 30. True or False. Honeybees are not native to North America. a. True b. False

Answer C. Honey bees do not pollinate blueberries, pumpkins, or almonds. Answer D. Insect pollinators can move seeds, move pollen for sexual reproduction, and move pollen to parts of the plant that need it for self-pollinating plants. 31. Insect pollinators assist plants in… a. Moving seeds b. Sexual reproduction c. Asexual reproduction d. All of the above 32. The following image best represents… a. An apple that has weevil damage b. A high quality, grade A apple c. An apple that received incomplete pollination d. A perfectly symmetrical apple Answer C. This apple has a strange shape because it did not receive complete pollination. 33. Which of the following crops are pollinated by honey bees? a. Blueberries b. Pumpkins c. Alfalfa d. Almonds

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Answer C. Bed bugs can withstand extreme temperatures as well as the washing machine, so you have to get your dryer to 120 degrees for 30 minutes to kill them. Answer B. Model organisms are chosen for studies partially because of their short generation time. 34. Which of the following is primarily pollinated by a fly? a. Almonds b. Blueberries c. Cacao (Chocolate) d. Yucca Plant Answer C. Flies are the main pollinators of Chocolate, or the Cacao plant. 35. True or false. Protecting pollinators is only important from an agricultural standpoint. a. True b. False Answer B, False. Pollinators help propagate plants that stabilize soil, buffer waterways, store carbon, and provide habitat, keeping the environment healthy. 36. Which of the following is NOT true of model organisms a. They are used to study genetics, biology, behavior, physiology, etc. b. They have a long generation span, similar to humans c. They are easy to care for d. They share characteristics with other animals 37. Which of the following is NOT true of bedbugs? a. They can carry Chikungunya virus b. They often leave a zig-zag pattern of bites c. They can be easily killed by washing and drying d. They are becoming more prevalent worldwide

Answer A. Juvenile-Hormone mimics are safe to beneficial insects and have a benign ecotoxicological profile. Answer A. The waggle dance duration signifies the distance from the hive of the new source of pollen or nectar. Answer A, True. More insects have direct wing muscles. Answer A, True. Every young queen goes on a mating flight and stores the sperm she collects from multiple matings for the rest of her life. 38. Which of the following is a pest control operator likely to say when treating your home for fleas… a. “I’m going to use a Juvenile-Hormone mimic because it’s a safer pesticide…” b. “After I lay down this pesticide, be sure to not vacuum for a month” c. “Fleas have an incomplete life cycle, so you might see little crawlers around the baseboards…” d. “Fleas don’t carry disease so we are less concerned about them than we are other pests…” 39. Honey bees tell each other where to find food by… a. The waggle dance b. Scent cues c. Antennae nudging d. Hormones 40. True or false. More insect species have direct wing muscles than indirect wing muscles. a. True b. False 41. True or false. A female honey bee stores sperm from mating flights. a. True b. False

Answer A, True. Virgin females can produce offspring, but the sex is all male. 42. True or false. If a female parasitoid wasp fertilizes an egg it produces a male wasp. a. True b. False 43. You come across an insect with the following characteristics. What could you say with certainty about this insect? Insect has piercing-sucking mouthparts and membranous wings Insect has working ovaries as a nymph Insect is capable of carrying plant pathogens a. Insect reproduces through paedogenesis b. Insect reproduces asexually c. Insect is in order hymenoptera d. Both A and B e. All of the above Answer A. Paedogenensis is larval reproduction. C is wrong because Hymenoptera do not have piercing/sucking mouthparts.

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