Equilibrium and Le Chateliers Principle Q

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Coastal Alabama Community College - Bay Minette *

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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Equilibrium and Le Chatelier’s Principle Alexandria Miller July 17, 2023
1 Data Activities 1, 2, and 3 Data Table 1 Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Reagent Test Tube #1, Control Test Tube #2 Test Tube #3 Test Tube #4 Test Tube #5 Copper (II) Chlorid e 2.0 mL 2.0 mL 2.0 mL 2.0 mL 2.0 mL Sodium Chlorid e 0.0 mL 1.0 mL 2.0 mL 4.0 mL 4.0 mL Color of Solution blue Grennish blue green blue blue Silver Nitrate 0.0mL 0.0mL 1.0 mL 0.0mL 0.0mL Color of Solution blue 0.0mL green blue blue Water 0.0mL 0.0mL 0.0mL 3.0 mL 0.0mL Color of Solution blue Greenish blue green Very light blue blue © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
2 Activity 4 Data Table 2 Stress Water Bath Temperatur e (°C) Solution Temperatu re (°C) Solution Color Direction of Shift (reactants or products) ( or ) Test tube #4 (Control Solution) N/A 22 C Light blue Hot Water Bath 60C 50C Very light blue Cold Water Bath 10C 7C Foggy cool blue 1. What is the “common ion” that you added to test tubes #2–5? Copper (2) Chloride 2. How does the common ion affect the equilibrium reaction as the amount of NaCl solution increases from 1–4 mL? Initially the common ion was blue and it was placed in all 5 tubes. When I added any reactant, the equilibrium shifts to the right or forward. The change in color goes from blue to a blue/green to a green. 3. Based upon the color, in which direction does the equilibrium shift? The equilibrium shifts forward. 4. Write an equation showing what happens when AgNO 3 is added, and explain why the equilibrium shifts. AgNO3 Ag+NO3 Ag+Cl Agcl Equilibrium shifts due to the silver ion of AgNO3 reacts with Cl or reactant which decreases reactant concentration and then shifts the equilibrium to the reactants side. 5. Explain the equilibrium shift that occurs when water is added to the original equilibrium reaction. Cu(H 2 O) 6 2+ (aq) + 4Cl (aq) CuCl 4 2– (aq) + 6H 2 O(l) © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
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3 When water is added, the equilibrium shifts in backward direction. Blue Green © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
4 6. Write “heat” on either the left or right side of this equation, based upon observations from the addition and removal of heat in steps 3 and 4, respectively, and the corresponding shifts in equilibrium. _ Heat ____ + Cu(H 2 O) 6 2+ (aq) + 4Cl (aq) CuCl 4 2– (aq) + 6H 2 O(l) + _____ Blue Green 7. Given the equilibrium equation for a general reaction, A + B C + D, explain what happens to the reactants and products from time 0 until the time at which the reaction reaches equilibrium. At time zero, the reactants concentration is maximum and product concentration is zero. Concentration of the reactants then decrease and the product increases. 8. Given this reaction at equilibrium, C(s) + CO 2 (g) 2CO(g) (∆H° = 119kJ), explain the changes that would occur when the following stresses are applied or removed for this reaction. (a) CO is removed. The reaction would shift in forward direction (b)Heat is added. The reaction would shift in forward direction (c) CO 2 is added. The reaction would shift in forward direction (d)Heat is removed. The reaction would shift in a backwards direction. Photos Place the tubes on a white paper with adequate light. Use of white paper as a background will assist with view and color comparisons. Color changes may be subtle. Photo 1 Insert the photo of test tubes #1-5 from Activity 1. Be sure you can compare the colors of the solutions in test tubes #2–5 to that in test tube #1. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
5 © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
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6 Photo 2 Insert the photo of test tubes #1 and #3 from Activity 2. The following should be visible in this photo: Label of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
7 Photo 3 Insert the photo of test tubes #4 and #5 from Activity 3. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tu bes © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
8 Photo 4 Insert the photo of test tubes #4 and #5 from Activity 4, step 8. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tube © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
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9 Photo 5 Insert the photo of test tubes #4 and #5 from Activity 4, step 13. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company