Gas Laws Lab Sheet - Madden

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Feb 20, 2024

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Gas Laws Lab Sheet Abiela Faith Madden 3/29/23 Pre lab 1. After reading through the lab processes and pre lab section, explain the relationship between: a. pressure and volume - Pressure and gas are inversely proportional to each other. Yet, for this to be true, the temperature must remain constant. With this, when pressure increases, volume decreases. Inversely, when volume increases, pressure decreases. This is for the reason that the gas particles are either closer to each other or farther apart from each other. b. pressure and number of moles - As pressure comes from the collisions between the particles and the walls of the given container, the pressure increases as more substance is added (number of moles). And in sync with this, the volume and the temperature remain constant. c. pressure and temperature - Pressure and temperature are directly related to each other. In this manner, as the volume of a gas remains constant, as one increases, so will the other. Similarly, when one decreases, so will the other. 2. What causes pressure inside a container based on your review of the lab processes and pre lab materials? - Pressure inside a container is determined by a substance being added unto such, or the number of moles. Also, given that the volume will stay the same, through the increase of gas molecules and temperature, the collisions between the molecules will increase by the speed increase, hence, causing pressure. 3. Complete the table below converting the following Celsius temperatures to Kelvin and Kelvin to Celsius. Please show your work. Kelvin Temperature Celsius Temperature 0 -273.15 273.15 0 50 -223.15 348.15 75 100 -173.15
Data Collection 1. What happened to the pressure as the plunger was moved to create more or less volume? - As the plunger was pushed in, the volume would decrease, yet the pressure would increase. Connected to, as the plunger was being expanded, the volume would increase, and the pressure would decrease. This gives evidence to the fact that volume and pressure are inversely proportional to each other. 2. Complete the data table using the video clip of pressure and volume. Data Table 1 Volume of Plunger Pressure from Sensor 10 ml 139.66 15 ml 106.62 20 ml 92.04 3. From part 2 explain what a VOLUME of air is. - Volume of air was given to have the unit of being 10 ml of air, which equals to 1 Volume of molecules. It is simply air that is added as a unit to a container. This is also the amount of space that the air occupies. 4. As we increased the number of molecules, VOLUMES , what happened to the pressure? - In the procedure, as more volumes were added into the container, the pressure increased. This gives the conclusion that pressure and volume are proportional to each other in this given situation. 5. Are we able to estimate what the maximum pressure of the flask was? How so? - As shown by the procedure, the rough estimation of the maximum pressure of the flask was 1.2961, with 5 volumes. This is proved as accurate as if proceeded with adding more volumes, the pressure will increase more, causing the stopper on the flask to pop off.
0 5 10 15 20 25 0 50 100 150 Volume Pressure Volume vs Pressure (Data Table 1) 6. What unit for pressure was used in part 2 of the lab? - The unit for pressure that was used in part 2 of the lab is atm, which stands for atmospheric pressure at sea level. This is the standard unit for pressure. 7. Complete the data table below while reviewing procedure part 2. Data Table 2 Number of VOLUMES of air Pressure Reading on Sensor 1 No Volumes .9735 atm 2 1 Volume .9864 atm 3 2 Volumes 1.1001 atm 4 3 Volumes 1.1660 atm 5 4 Volumes 1.2377 atm 6 5 Volumes 1.2961 atm 8. Complete the data table below while reviewing procedure part 3. Data Table 3 Pressure Temperature in Celsius Temperature in Kelvin 0.9676 atm 22.4 °C 295.55 0.9892 atm 32.1 °C 305.25 0.9931 atm 33.1 °C 306.25 1.0351 atm 49.2 °C 322.35 1.0870 atm 70.2 °C 343.35 1.0906 atm 72.0 °C 345.15 Calculations 1. In part 1 you collected volume vs. pressure data. To understand the relationship between the two variables, create a graph using your data. Place the pressure on the X axis and volume on the Y axis. Insert a screenshot of your graph below.
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0.96 0.98 1 1.02 1.04 1.06 1.08 1.1 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 Volume Temperature Pressure vs Temperature (Data Table 3) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 Volumes Pressure Volume vs Pressure (Data Table 2) 2. In part 2 you collected moles vs. pressure data. To understand the relationship between the two variables, create a graph using your data. Place the pressure on the X axis and VOLUMES on the Y axis. Remember, a volume represents the particles of the gas. Insert a screenshot of your graph below. 3. In part 3 you collected temperature vs pressure data. To understand the relationship between the two variables, create a graph using your data. Place the pressure on the Y axis and temperature on the X axis. Insert a screenshot of your graph below. 4. A direct relationship between 2 variables creates a linear shaped graph. Which of the 3 experiments showed a direct relationship between the variables. - Among the three experiments, both 2 and 3 show a direct relationship between the variables. For experiment 2, it shows that as the number of volumes are increased, the
pressure increases as well. And for experiment 3, it shows that as the temperature increases (measured in Kelvin), the pressure increases as well. 5. An inverse relationship exists when one variable increases while the other decreases. Which of the 3 experiments showed an inverse relationship? What was the shape of the inverse graph? - The first experiment shows an inverse relationship between the variables. Specifically, it shows that as the volume increases, the pressure decreases. And in the same manner, as the pressure increases, the volume decreases. The shape of the inverse graph is a somewhat crooked line leaning downwards to the left. Conclusion Questions 1. Imagine you have a flat tire. Which of the 3 experiments explains best why the tire went flat? Why? - For this case, experiment 2 would best describe such happening. As a tire deflates, causing it to be flat, the volume decreases, as the space gradually looses area, with the air. And with that, the pressure also decreases, as it does not keep the material intact anymore. They have a direct relationship. - Yet, as for the causing of the flat tire, the volume increases as more air is being put into it, and so will the pressure, as it will bring it t a tight state, which then will result to the material popping/breaking. 2. In the summer you purchase a basketball and shoot baskets all day. In the Fall school begins and you do not have time to play much basketball. Over Christmas Break you decide to go outside and shoot baskets even though the temperature is close to 0. Use what we have seen in these experiments to explain why your basketball is flat. - As we look at experiment 3, it is shown that as temperature increases, so will volume, and vice versa to it decreasing. Relating this to the case where a basketball is flat being in a temperature that is close to 0, meaning the temperature is very low, the volume will be very low as well. This describes that the air inside the ball is severely low, directly proportional to the temperature it is in.

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