CHEM101L Lab 5 F
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Lab 5 Electron Configuration CHEM101L
Student Name:
Ani Harutyunyan Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit):
AC-ND9MT9 Lab Report Format Expecta0ons
U"lize college level grammar and professional forma4ng when comple"ng this worksheet. Report all equa"ons in a proper mathema"cal format, with the correct signs and symbols.
Pre-Lab Ques?ons 1.
What is an electron configura=on? Provide a response in the context of energy levels. It indicates the posi=on of each electron within the atom, with electron configura=on revealing the distribu=on and arrangement of electrons in their atomic orbits. 2.
Of the following colors, which would correspond to the highest energy photons (light) and which would correspond to the lowest energy? red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet highest- violet lowest- red EXPERIMENT 1: OBSERVING COLORS PRODUCED FROM VARIOUS METALS Introduc?on Ques?ons 1.
In this experiment, you will conduct an experiment where atoms are heated with a flame. As the atoms gain heat from the flame, different colors of light will be produced. What is causing this light to be produced? Why are they different colors? Upon hea=ng in a flame, atoms make their electrons ascend to higher energy states, and during their return to lower states, they emit light, with each element's unique electron configura=on leading to characteris=c colors that allow for its iden=fica=on. 2.
Pick an element from the periodic table that shares a leTer or two in common with the leTers in your name. State the element name, its symbol, and its electron configura=on below. sodium- Na (
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
) 3.
What is the purpose of Step 6 in the experimental procedure? It is essen=al for coa=ng the inocula=ng loop with LiCl solu=on, necessary for observing the specific color changes in the flame caused by LiCl.
Lab 5 Electron Configuration CHEM101L
4.
Write out the electron configura=ons for each of the following elements in the below table. Potassium is already done as an example for you. Data and Observa?ons In the below table, report your observa=ons for each sample as you introduced them into the flame, being sure to denote the color produced. Table 1: Results of firework material igni?on Below, insert a photo of your lab setup a^er you tested each sample. The purpose of this photo is to demonstrate that the experiment was completed, so it must have the correct materials and denote that the experiment was conducted. Your name must also be present in the photo for credit on this lab. Element
Electron Configura?on
K
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
1
Li
1s² 2s¹
Na
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
Ca
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
Substance
Observa?ons
Lithium Chloride
Bright red flame
Sodium Chloride
Yellow flame
Potassium Chloride
light purple flame
Calcium Chloride
Orange/red flame
Lab 5 Electron Configuration CHEM101L
Results and Discussion 1.
For each of the igni=on sources, denote the wavelength of the photons that correspond to the colors you observed during the experiment in the table below. 2.
Which of the metals produced the highest energy photons? sodium chloride (NaCl) 3.
Did sodium chloride and potassium chloride give off similar colors? Why or why not? Sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) emiTed different colors in flames, with NaCl showing yellow and KCl displaying lilac, due to the unique energy transi=ons and wavelengths of sodium and potassium electrons. Salt
Color
Wavelength
LiCl
Red flame
650 nm
NaCl
Yellow flame
580 nm
KCl
light purple flame
420 nm
CaCl
2
Orange-red flame
610 nm
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(3) Which set of quantum numbers cannot specify an orbital and state why not.
a. n=2, l=1, m=-1
b. n=3, l=2, mı=0
C. n=3, l= 3, mj =2
d. n=4, l=3, mj=0
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servation of Mass: Macroscopic: This is group attempt 2 of 10
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Autosaved at 8:38 PM
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Under certain conditions, the substance ammonium chloride can be broken down to form
ammonia and hydrogen chloride.
G Wh
If 27.2 grams of ammonium chloride react to form 8.7 grams of ammonia, how many grams of
hydrogen chloride must simultaneously be formed?
grams hydrogen chloride
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8A
1A
H 2A
4A 5A 6A 7A He
3A
Be
BCNOF Ne
Mg
1B 28 A1 Si PS CI Ar
3B
4B
5B
68 7E
E 8B
K Ca Sc Tiv Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La Hr Ta
Hg TI Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac RT Ha
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Er Tm Yb Lu
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Fm Md No Lr
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(1) What is the name of the element with a valence electron configuration of 3s2?
(2) What is the name of the element with a valence electron configuration of 4s²4p2?
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Static
Static electricity is observed when whic
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a.
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С.
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Jacqueline
Solving for a gaseous reactant
Combustion of hydrocarbons such as undecane (CH24) produces carbon dioxide, a "greenhouse gas." Greenhouse gases in
the Earth's atmosphere can trap the Sun's heat, raising the average temperature of the Earth. For this reason there has been
a great deal of international discussion about whether to regulate the production of carbon dioxide.
1. Write a balanced chemical equation, including physical state symbols, for the
combustion of liquid undecane into gaseous carbon dioxide apd gaseous water.
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2. Suppose 0.430 kg of undecane are burned in air at a pressure of exactly 1 atm and
a temperature of 20.0 °C. Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas that is
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bacterial cells are around 1 m (10 m) in
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36Ar18 + 4He2 --> __________ + 0?γ0 (?γ = gamma ray)
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[References]
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
1A
8A
H 2A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A He
Li Be
BCNOF Ne
Na Mg 38 4B 5B 6B 78 88 H 1B 28 A1 Si PS CI Ar
K Ca Sc Ti VCr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb SrY Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La Hf Ta w Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg TI Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac RT Ha
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Th Pa UNp Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es FmMd No Lr
Using only the periodic table arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radius:
xenon, antimony, iodine, tellurium
Smallest
Largest
Please answer this question according to the general rules you have learned regarding periodic trends.
DO NOT base your answer on tabulated values since exceptions may occur.
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(From Experiments: Atom.2.1, Atom.2.2)
Periodic Table of Elements
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Beryllium (Be) is in the box on the periodic table shown. Lithium (Li), boron (B), and carbon (C) are all elements in the same period (row) as beryllium.
Which of the statements below is true about the elements in this period?
O The size (diameter) of the atoms decreases as you move to the right.
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A. John Dalton was an English chemist. His
Dalton's
Atomic Theory
ideas form the atomic theory of matter. Here
are his ideas.
• All elements are composed (made up) of atoms.
It is impossible to divide or destroy an atom.
• All atoms of the same elements are alike. (One
Atoms of
element X
Atoms of
ement Y
Compound of
elemeite XandY
atom of oxygenis like another atom of oxygen.)
• Atoms of different elements are different. (An atom of oxygen is different from an atom of
hydrogen.)
• Atoms of different elements combine to form a compound. These atoms have to be in
definite whole number ratios. For example, water is a compound made up of 2 atoms of
1. What is the name of John Dalton's theory?
2. What are elements made of?
3. An atom of hydrogen and an atom of carbon are
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Using specific heat capacity to find temperature change
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A chemical reaction takes place inside a flask submerged in a water bath. The water bath contains 2.80 kg of water at 23.5 °C. During the reaction 73.3 kJ of
heat flows out of the bath and into the flask.
Round your
Calculate the new temperature of the water bath. You can assume the specific heat capacity of water under these conditions is 4.18 J'g 'K
answer to 3 significant digits.
Explanation
Check
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