Ch14.3 - Mass Spectrometry (handout)

At what masses do the molecular ions occur? What are the percentages of each molecular ion?

An organic compound that has lost one electron in the ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer is a A) neutral substance. B) radical cation. C) carbocation. D) radical anion.

If the mass spectrum of a sample has a 7.7% M+1 peak compared to a 100% M+ peak, how many carbon atoms are we then likely to have in our chemical formula?

The highest mass peaks in the mass spectrum of Br2 occur at m/Z 158, 160, and 162. The ratio of intensities of these peaks is approximately 1:2:1. Bromine has two stable isotopes,79Br (50.7% abundance) and 81Br (49.3% abundance). question: What molecular species gives rise to each of these peaks? (Include the mass numbers of the isotopes in your answers.)

Bromine has two naturally occurring isotopes, 79Br , abundance 50.52%, and 81Br, abundance 49.48%. The most stable form of bromine under standard conditions is as the diatomic molecule, Br2 . In a mass spectrum of bromine, at what m/z values would you expect to see peaks and what would you expect the relative height of the peaks to be? What species would account for each peak? Explain.

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Describe and explain what fields are mass spectrometry used in?

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Carbon has two stable isotopes, 12C, abundance 98.892%, and 13C, abundance 1.108%. In the mass spectrum of a hydrocarbon that contains five carbon atoms, what would you expect to be the relative height of the M+ to the M+1+ peak? Explain.

2clar ISTRY EXAM A Chemistry student performed an experiment on the preparation and identification of an ester. He was given solutions of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. He then prepared the ester as per laboratory instruction and identified the odour of the ester as a pear flavour. A carboxylic acid has empirical formula CH,O, and its structure is determined by using various spectroscopic techniques. (a) The mass spectrum for this carboxylic acid molecule is given below. 100- 80- 60- relative intensity 40- 20- 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 mass/charge (m/e) (i) State the relative molecular mass of this molecule; hence determine its molecular formula. (ii) Draw the structural formula of the carboxylic acid and give its systematic name. ark (b) Use the information provided by its Infrared spectrum below to answer the following questions 100

Draw the molecular mass fragments for the following m/z rations. Show all the atoms (including) all the hydrogens clearly. CI m/z 105 m/z 139 m/z 141

HD OH NalO4 Et OH Me DCM OH OH (PCy3)2Cl2RUCHPh (Grubbs Cat.) Pd(PPh3)4, PhBr K2CO3 Toluene, 80 C Pd2(dba)3, PPh3 Cul THF, RT Ph ملی OH

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Please explain how you can identify your target molecular compounds contain isotopes of chloride and bromine?

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On 3 Feb 2023, a train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio (4700 residents). Approximately 1.1 million pounds of vinyl chloride CH2=CHCI, a toxic flammable gas, was released. Use Excel to calculate the abundance of the M+2 species of vinyl chloride. Note that there are multiple ways to add 2 extra neutrons to the molecule. Paste your spreadsheet into your answers. Use cntl+ (control+tilde key next to the number 1 key) to view all formulas and paste into answers too. Element Mass No. Mass (Da) Abundance (%) H 1 1.0078 99.988 2 2.0141 0.012 C 12 12.000 98.93 13 13.003 1.07 Cl 35 34.969 75.78 37 36.966 24.22

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Which of the following statements is incorrect? 1.)A conventional mass spectrometer does not employ a spectrophotometric detector. 2.)Conventional mass spectrometry does not always require high purity samples. 3.)A mass spectrum shows no signals due to uncharged species. 4.)A conventional mass spectrometer uses high energy UV radiation.

Bromine has two naturally occuring isotopes, Br-79 and Br-81, approximately 50% of each.  Bromomethane will contain approximately 50% Br-79 and 50% Br-81.   The mass spectrum peak for methane containing Br-79 will be referred to as the M+ (molecular ion) peak, and the peak for Br-81 will be called the M+2 peak, as Br-81 weighs two more amu than Br-79. What will be the locations of the two bromomethane peaks on the mass spectrum and what will be the approximate ratio of their heights?

Write the molecular formula for a compound with the possible elements C, H, N and O that exhibits a molecular ion at M = 73.0899. Exact Masses of the Most Abundant Isotope of Selected Elements Isotope Natural abundance (%) Exact mass 99.985 1.008 12c 98.90 12.000 14N 99.63 14.003 160 99.76 15.995

12) Na + H2O → NaOH + H2 13) Ag20 → Ag + O2 14) Se + O2 → SO3 15) CO2 + H2O → C6H1206 + O2 16) K+ MgBr2 → KBr + Mg 17) HCI + CaCO3 > CaCl2 + H20 + CO2 18) HNO3 + NaHCO3 → NANO3 + H2O + CO2 19) H2O + O2 > H2O2 20) NaBr + CaF2 → NaF + CaBr2 21) H2SO4 + NANO2 → HNO2 + NazSO4 Word Equations Write the word equations below as chemical equations and balance: 1) Zinc and lead (II) nitrate react to form zinc nitrate and lead. 2) Aluminum bromide and chlorine gas react to form aluminum chloride and bromine gas. 3) Sodium phosphate and calcium chloride react to form calcium phosphate and sodium chloride. 4) Potassium metal and chlorine gas combine to form potassium chloride. 5) Aluminum and hydrochloric acid react to form aluminum chloride and hydrogen gas. 6) Calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid react to form calcium phosphate and water. 7) Copper and sulfuric acid react to form copper (II) sulfate and water and sulfur dioxide.