HLTWHS002-Case Study (Allied Health)

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HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Name Kayla Jones Email address Kaylajones5166@icloud.com ASSESSMENT – CASE STUDY Student Instructions Please read through the following case studies. Reflect on your learning and your own research to ensure your responses are satisfactory. You should consult a range of learning resources and other information such as handouts, textbooks, credible internet sources, etc. Your responses must reflect your knowledge, skills, and application for this unit. This is an individual assessment. You must answer the question as per the client scenarios given in the case studies. All questions must be answered to gain competency for this assessment. Page | 1 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

CASE STUDY 1 CONNIE AND VICKY Connie and Vicky work an 8 hour shift each day in the kitchen section of an aged care organisation located in Darwin. Their daily duties involve moving food trolleys upstairs to level 1 and 2. They do this 6 times over the whole shift using the lift. Currently both employees are using the ramp to transfer the trolley upstairs as the lift is not working. Connie has just been diagnosed with MSD (musculoskeletal disorder) of the back. Connie recently notified her health and safety representative that she was experiencing constant shoulder and back pain due to the excessive force used to transfer the trolleys upstairs. Vicky, however, is not suffering from any pain or injury, but has reported the same issue to the health and safety representative. The health and safety representative reported this information to the employer. The employer decided to look at all the tasks that Connie and Vicky perform, to see whether they involved hazardous manual handling. Both employees use similar strategies to do the task. To move the trolley, it is hard for both employees to use the ramp as it involves the extra force to push the trolleys Questions 1.1: As per case study does the task involve hazardous manual handling? Yes/No Yes, manual handling is work where you lift, lower, push, pull, carry, move, hold and /or retrain something. This is hazardous as it is a repeated activity and is considered as this if the handling is repeated, a sustained or high force and/or a sustained awkward posture. 1.2: List one (1) reason for the hazardous manual handling involved in the scenario? Lift is not working. Therefore, they are transporting the trolleys on the ramp. 1.3: Write down three (3) necessary strategies the employer must implement to minimise the risk involved in the manual handling? 1. Risk Assessment : Identify potential hazards. This can be done through a thorough risk assessment of the workplace. The assessment should consider factors such as the nature of the task, the load, the working environment, and the individual's capability. 2. Training : Provide adequate training to employees involved in manual handling. The training should cover proper lifting techniques, use of mechanical aids, and understanding of the risks associated with manual handling. 3. Use of Mechanical Aids : Encourage the use of mechanical aids wherever possible. These can significantly reduce the physical effort required and hence the risk of injury. Examples of mechanical aids include trolleys, conveyor belts, and forklifts. 1.4: Which state/territory-based authority would be responsible for enforcing WHS laws and workplace regulations? The WorkSafe Commissioner is the regulator under the Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act 2020. The y are responsible for ministering Industrial Relations for the administration of the WHS Act, and any other laws relating to work health and safety. Page | 2 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

CASE STUDY 2: DAVID PARKSON Work health and safety checklist David is a 68-year-old man who lives in a housing commission property (62 Russel Street, Lakes Town, ACT 3987) for the last 5 years. The property is located on the main road and it is the corner house on top of the hill. The house number is broken. David has a history of depression along with multiple medical conditions. David prefers to stay in bed and does not want to be involved in any activities and is refusing all medications. Case manager (Lily) and David’s family are very concerned and worried about this ongoing issue. The council managing his accommodation has received several calls from neighbours over the last week complaining that David’s house has developed a strong smell, rubbish is strewn around the front garden and he is naked whilst putting the rubbish bin out on the street. The accommodation service has asked David’s case manager to call in and check on him daily. The case manager has been unable to get David to agree to take his medication and she has recently gone on maternity leave. You are working as a personal support worker for David. You have visited David’s house and conducted a home inspection of David’s house. David lives in a 3-bedroom brick single story house with a small backyard. The front entrance is small with no security door. The rooms are too small and cluttered. The family room carpet has urine and faeces stains. There is no garage in the house and the front pathway is broken as well. There is excessive grass in the front garden. There are food scraps lying on the floor in each room. Kitchen bins are overflowing, and the kitchen fire alarm is broken. David makes his tea and coffee once or twice in a day using the electric kettle, but the kettle’s electric wire is twisted and quite old. No security alarms are installed in the house. The toilet seat is broken. Mould and fungus are growing on the shower screen, the hot water taps are leaking in the laundry and the kitchen sink is overflowing. David smokes inside the house, 1 packet/ day and he has two cats in the house. David’s medication is lying in a basket in the kitchen. Packets are scattered on the kitchen benchtop. David has a broken washing machine in the house and he never washes his clothes, so his clothes are lying dirty on the floor. Page | 3 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

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Read the case study and then complete the following tasks: 2.1: Complete the work health and safety checklist (located below) for David’s home inspection. 2.1: WHS checklist for home visits: Name of the client: David Full address of the client: 62 Russel Street, Lakes Town, ACT, 3987 Person completing the inspection: Kayla Jones Date of inspection: 31/01/2024 Hazard Ye s No N/A Comments/Details 1. Residence: 1.1. Is the house located on the road Yes 1.2: Is the house number visible? No 1.3: Is the house on the hill, slope, or corner? Yes On the corner of his street on top of the hill. 2. Access to House 2.1: Does the house have front, back, side entrance Yes Front entrance with door to the backyard also. 2.2: What type of gates installed in the house:  Slide Gates  Swing Gates  Barrier Gates N/A 2.3: Is there any outdoor lights for night services in the house N/A 2.4: Are the house paths intact or broken Yes broken 2.5: Is there access to clothesline N/A 2.6: Is the car parking available in well lit & open area No 2.7: Does the house have security measures (e.g. locked box, intercom, No No security door, fire alarms, no security alarms Page | 4 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

Hazard Ye s No N/A Comments/Details security code, alarm etc.) 3: House 3.1: Cluttered Yes 3.2: Vermin N/A 4: Floor 4.1: Is the floor slippery No 4.2: Is there any tripping hazards in the house Yes Small rooms with lots of clutter 4.3: Does the floor in the house have uneven surfaces N/A 4.4: Mention any other hazards N/A 5: Steps and stairs 5.1: Broken N/A 5.2: Without rails N/A 5.3: Slippery N/A 5.4: Slope and number of stairs N/A 6: Power Points 6.1: Are the power points visibly faulty No 6.2: Do you think the power points are overloaded No 6.3: Where is the location of the power box N/A 6.4: Is the lighting in the house poorly fitted N/A 7: Space to manoeuvre clients or inanimate objects- 7.1: Awkward (reach, twist) Yes 7.2: Too confined Yes 8: Spaces (e.g. beds, benchtops, clothes storage, washer/dryer, lounges etc) 8.1: Too high No Page | 5 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

Hazard Ye s No N/A Comments/Details 8.2: Too low No 8.3: Unstable No 8.4: Unsuitable No 9: General Domestic Environment 9.1: Are all electrical appliances free of visible defects? No Electric wire of kettle old and twisted. 9.2: Does the client have a mop/bucket? No 9.3: Does the client have other equipment such as vacuum, iron/iron board? No 9.4: Taps – labelled hot/cold Yes 9.5: Taps – hot water temperature Yes 10: Pets 10.1: Pets? Type? Yes 2 Cats 10.2: Inside/Outside Yes Inside 10.3: Risk of Harm Yes Unclean 11: Client and Family 11.1: Mobility impairment No 11.2: Any sensory disability N/A 11.3: Is anyone else present at time of respite? Who? No 12: Smoking 12.1: Is there anyone who smokes indoors? Yes David smokes 1 packet/day 12.2: Will they smoke inside the home when the worker is there? Yes 13: Tasks Client Needs 13.1: Lifting or transfer No Page | 6 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

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Hazard Ye s No N/A Comments/Details 13.2: Therapy-exercise No 13.3: Equipment required No 13.4: Will there be any pushing of an inanimate object such as a wheelchair or shopping trolley? No 13.5: Will there be any lifting of an inanimate object? No 13.6: Does worker/service need information on medication being administered? Yes 14: Fire safety 14.1: Does the house have smoke alarms? No 14.2 Does the smoke alarm have regular testing by qualified technician. No 14.3 Where is the smoke alarm positioned in the premises. Yes 14.2: Does the client have any fire extinguisher/fire safety blanket available in the house. No 14.3: Is there a first aid kit available in the house? No 15: Other 15.1 Does worker/service need information on medication being administered? Yes 2.2: Write an evaluation report based on the completed WH checklist for home visits (above) to the case manager in 200 words about the hazards identified that place David's health at risk. David, a 68-year-old man who lives in a housing commission property (62 Russel Street, Lakes Town, ACT 3987). Lives in an environment that is hazardous and unclean. The location of his house is not ideal, being the corner of his street and on top of a hill. There is little access to the house with only front access, broken footpath, over grown grass and no security. (No security door & security alarm). This makes it dangerous in an emergency and not secure if a break in was to occur. All the rooms are small with lots of clutter making it dangerous, as tripping hazards are Page | 7 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

visible. With the space being too confined it is hard and awkward to manoeuvre clients or inanimate objects. Their general domestic environment is not good with Electric wire of the kettle being old and twisted. The carpets have urine through it with m ould and fungus growing on the shower screen, no cleaning products, mop bucket, vacuum etc in sight. He keeps 2 cats inside. He smokes one packet of cigarettes a day. There is no fire safety, no fire alarms, first aid kits, fire extinguishers etc. He does not take his medication and has packets lying around. The workers will need information on medication being administered to him, to encourage or administer it to him. 2.3: Which jurisdiction will be responsible for implementing, regulating and enforcing WHS laws? Are there workplace regulations, codes of practice or industry standards which relate specifically to this jurisdiction? Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) laws protect the health, safety and welfare of all workers at work. The Australian Capital Territory is governed by the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 .  eliminating risks arising from work or certain types of substances or equipment by providing the highest level of protection that is reasonably practicable.  ensuring appropriate scrutiny and review of the WHS actions of leaders.  providing a framework for continuous WHS improvement and higher standards.  helping to facilitate, maintain and strengthen a consistent national approach to WHS.  providing fair and effective workplace representation, consultation, co-operation and issue resolution.  encouraging unions and employer organisations to promote better work practices and help businesses achieve safer and healthier workplaces.  promoting the provision of WHS advice, information, education and training.  ensuring effective and appropriate WHS compliance and enforcement measures. 2.4: Explain three (3) rights and responsibilities of the employer and the employee in this situation, including duty of care considerations. The employee/employer has the right to a safe and healthy work environement - The right to know about health and safety matters, to participate in decisions that could affect their health and safety and to refuse work that could affect their health and safety and that of others. The employee is reponsible for following the health and safety instructions that are provided by the employer and are also reponsible for reporting all hazards and potential problems without delay as well as all work related injuries and incidents that you think could result in harm to health. 2.5: Describe the behaviours which contribute to placing David at risk of injury or fatality in the event of a fire? What factors place him within a high-risk category? Careless attitude with unlean/untidy and cluttered house, his house has no room for manouvering around with old, twisted wires, no fire alarms etc. This would make it challenging to escape in an emergency, depending on where the fire has ignited. No alarms to detect smoke either and let David know early. Page | 8 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

2.6: What basic home fire safety services and support are available for David? Install smoke alarms and get them tested/inspected regularly. Come up with a fire escape plan and even install or have fire extinguishes in accessible places. CASE STUDY 3: LYNDA Fatigue at work Lynda is working as a registered nurse in a rehabilitation facility in New South Wales. After a medication administration error, the rehabilitation facility conducted an investigation. During the investigation, they discovered the nurse who made the error had worked more than 240 hours that month. She worked many long shifts; some were for 10 hours at night and some were for 12 hours in the day. The nurse had been required to work several night shifts at short notice to fill in for absent staff. Her unit manager had not been able to call on agency staff or casuals because of budget constraints. For the entire month, the nurse did not get two days off in a row. The shifts she worked over the month were often on a backward rotation. Lynda has been complaining of headaches and tiredness in the lunch break. Questions: 3.1: As per case study do you think Lynda’s fatigue at the workplace has contributed to medication error? Yes/No Yes 3.2 What are the three (3) risk factors that contributed towards the medication error in the workplace? - worked more than 240 hours that month - worked long shifts - For the entire month, Lynda did not get two days off in a row 3.3: Which state/territory-based authority would be responsible for enforcing WHS laws and workplace regulations? Work Safe NSW Page | 9 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

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3.4: Complete the fatigue checklist (located on below) for Lynda: Tick all the questions provided in the checklist as Yes or No. Fatigue checklist provides guidance to assist in identifying risks of fatigue. If the answers to the question provided in the checklist are yes, fatigue risks may need to be further assessed and control measures implemented. Fatigue Checklist Mental and physical work demands Does Lynda carry out work for long periods which is physically demanding? Yes /No/N/A Does Lynda carry out work for long periods which is mentally demanding? Yes/No/N/A Work scheduling and planning Does Lynda consistently work or travel between midnight and 6am? Yes/No/N/A Does the work schedule prevent Lynda having at least one full day off per week? Yes/No/N/A Does the roster make it difficult for Lynda to consistently have at least two consecutive nights sleep per week? Yes/No/N/A Do work practices include on-call work, call-backs, or sleepovers? Yes/No/N/A Does the roster differ from the hours actually worked? Yes/No/N/A Does the work roster include rotating shifts? Yes/No/N/A Does Lynda have to travel more than one hour to get to her job? Yes/No/N/A Work Time Does Lynda work more than 12 hours regularly (including overtime)? Yes/No/N/A Does Lynda have less than 10 hours break between each shift? (for example, split shifts, quick shift changeovers) Yes/No/N/A Is work performed at low body clock times (between 2 am and 6 am)? Yes/No/N/A Environmental conditions Is work carried out in harsh or uncomfortable conditions? (for example, hot, humid, or cold temperatures) Yes/No Does Lynda work with plant or machinery that vibrates? Yes/No Page | 10 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

Does Linda handle hazardous chemicals? Yes/No Is Lynda consistently exposed to loud noise? Yes/No/N/A Non-work factors Does Lynda arrive at work fatigued? Yes/No/N/A 3.5: As per the fatigue checklist, was Lynda at a high risk of fatigue at the workplace? Yes/No Yes 3.6: Write down four (4) risk control measures that the rehabilitation facility needs to implement to avoid further incidents? Just some risk control measures that could be implemented may include:  designing working hours and rosters to allow for good sleep opportunity and enough recovery time between workdays or shifts for travelling, eating, washing and sleeping.  developing a working-hours policy on daily work hours, maximum average weekly hours, total hours over a three-month period, on-call work and work-related travel.  developing procedures to manage and limit excessive working hours, for example requiring minimum breaks on a regular basis, especially during longer shifts.  developing plans to deal with workload changes due to absenteeism. 3.7: Why is it necessary for Lynda to debrief and evaluate the incident at workplace? Will result in suggestions and solutions for future improvements/respoponses and will reduce the workplace risks. Debriefing can also reduce the possibility of psychological harm by talking about what has happened; facts can be reviewed, misconceptions corrected, as well as valid and fair observations taken on board. 3.8: Which state/territory legislations would impact on responding to this situation? Work Health and Safety NSW. They are responsible for the primary duty of care for workplace health and safety, as far as is reasonably practicable. Page | 11 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

CASE STUDY 4: RONY Gastroenteritis at workplace Rony is a 40-year-old male who sustained an acquired brain injury after a motor vehicle accident. Rony lives in supported accommodation in Toowoomba along with another 10 people. Rony lives in a shared room in the facility. Rony has good functional capacity but requires assistance with getting dressed due to weakness on the left side of the body. Rony loves to go outside the facility on his scooter and he participates in all the social activities outside the facility along with his family. Recently Rony went outside for his Dad’s 70 th birthday party. Rony came back from the party on the weekend. Since Monday morning, he is complaining of abdominal pain and nausea. He has vomited more than 5 times. Rony has been reviewed by the medical officer of the facility and diagnosed with Gastroenteritis. Rony’s roommate has similar symptoms. The facility has acknowledged the gastro outbreak. Questions: 4.1: Define the term gastroenteritis in 20 -30 words? An illness triggered by the infection and inflammation of the digestive system, a short term illness, usually lasting between 24-72 hours and is caused by a bacterial/ viral tummy bug. 4.2: Name the State/territory Government authorities that needs to be notified about the gastroenteritis outbreak in the facility? Notify your State/Territory Department of Health's Public Health Unit. For example, Darling Downs, specific to Toowoomba. 4.3: List three (3) methods of gastroenteritis transmission? It will spread when a person comes in contact with the vomit or faeces. For example,  contaminated objects.  contaminated food or drink.  person-to-person contact, e.g shaking hands with someone who has been sick and has the virus on their hands. 4.4: What is the infection control measures that needs to be implemented in the facility during gastroenteritis outbreak? Good hand hygiene is required, e.g. washing hands with liquid soap alcohol-based and water as well as gel or hand rub. Hand hygiene must be performed in all situations below regardless of whether gloves are used or not. Wearing protective equipment is also ideal, like gloves, glasses masks etc.. 4.5: List all the standard and additional precautions required to be implemented during a gastroenteritis outbreak?  Increase hygiene measures taken by all staff, – standard hygiene plus additional measures.  Ensure supplies of liquid soap, paper towels & alcohol-based gel or hand rub  Ensure supplies of personal protective equipment (PPE) – masks, gloves, gowns Page | 12 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

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 Contact residents’ GPs.  Isolate residents – separate infected & uninfected residents where possible.  Notify Resident’s GP, all staff, all visiting GPs, allied health workers, volunteers, or anyone in contact with your facility.  Notify state/territory Population Health Dept.  Place home in lock down if necessary. CASE STUDY 5: REX Workplace Incident Report Ro Rex is a 60-year-old male who was working as a part time gym coach. Rex has always been healthy, active and a socially interactive person. Recently he was diagnosed with early vascular dementia. He is living at his house with his wife (Linda) and pet. His wife reported that Rex keep’s forgetting things, is aggressive at times and keeps talking to himself. Rex is not having much sleep at home and he still drives and tends to forget roads and has been a lost couple of times as well. He is wandering around the house and is always a restless, agitated, and aggressive towards Linda as well. After a medical review, it was advised that it was unsafe for Rex to stay at home. He can no longer drive due to his dementia. A family meeting with the children and his wife concluded that Rex needs to be shifted to a suitable facility for his safety. Rex was shifted to a facility (Bellbird) about a week ago. His family has been very supportive towards Rex’s smooth transition to the facility. Rex is struggling to settle in the facility due to new environment and unfamiliar people. Rex is physically and verbally aggressive towards the staff. Rex continues to wander around the facility corridors and tends to go into other resident’s rooms. On, Sunday 11/03/2019 a staff member (Reena) on duty reported that she witnessed Rex grabbing and hitting another co resident (Mr. John Green) in the facility day room. Staff separated both residents and settled them both. Staff found a bleeding skin tear on the left arm of the resident. John required first aid treatment. Staff reported this incident to the Shift leader. Rex’s family has been notified. Rex is waiting to be seen by the medical officer for further review. 5. Complete the incident report form in the given template:  Use the resident details as given in the case scenario  Complete all the sections of the incident report form Incident Report form Incident Reference No: 11233(Every facility has their own number) First Name: Surname: Page | 13 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

Personal Details (of the injured) John Green DOB Resident: Address: Male/Female: 19/07/1951 3 Hooper Road Male The incident resulted in: Injury ☒ Accident ☐ Damage to environment/ property ☐ Near miss ☐ First aid ☒ Medical treatment ☐ Incident Details Date/ time 11/03/2019 @ 12.08pm Place of the incident Bellbird Care Facility Name of the person reporting Kayla Jones Full details of the incident Rex grabbed and hit John Green (another co resident) in the facility day room. Staff that witnessed separated both residents and settled them both. Staff performed first aid. Description of the injuries Bleeding skin tear on the left arm of the resident Was first aid or further treatment required? Yes ☒ No ☐ Did the injured person required hospitalizati on Yes ☐ No ☒ NOK notified of the incident Yes ☒ No ☐ Were there any witnesses Yes ☒ No ☐ Witness Details: Page | 14 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

Full Name: Reena Joseph Address: 5 Turner Street Position: Allied Health Professional Contact Details: 0423 255 679 Follow up Plan Yes ☒ No ☐ Action Responsib le team Time framew ork Outcome Make sure Rex is isolated from John Bellbird Staff N/A No aggressive behaviour Book follow up at doctors for infection control Bellbird Staff 2 Weeks Healed Reporting person Name: Kayla Jones Position Allied Health Assistant Date/time: 11/03/2019 @ 6:05pm Signature Kayla Jones Submission Instructions Please proofread your work and save a copy of your assessment to keep in your own records. Save the document to include your name in the file for example: HLTWHS002 Case Study – Scenario Your Name . Submit your completed assessment for marking by your assessor. Assessor Overall Feedback Satisfactory ☐ Date: Not Yet Satisfactory ☐ Date: Comments: Page | 15 HLTWHS002 Follow safe work practices for direct client care Case Study v1.0 (2021/01/14)

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HLTWHS002-Case Study (Allied Health)

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