SCI 201 milestone 2

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School

Strayer University *

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Course

201

Subject

Biology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by Iffy702Baby

21 questions were answered correctly . 1 question was answered incorrectly . 1 Select the food chain that is in the correct order, starting at the first trophic level.  Flower, grasshopper, mouse, and toadstool  Toadstool, flower, grasshopper, and mouse  Flower, toadstool, grasshopper, and mouse  Toadstool, mouse, grasshopper, and flower RATIONALE The correct order, starting at the first trophic level, is a flower (primary producer), grasshopper (primary consumer), mouse (secondary consumer), and toadstool (decomposer). CONCEPT Food Chains and Food Webs Report an issue with this question 2 Choose the statement that correctly describes how carbon is cycled.  Through photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is changed into food with oxygen as a waste product.  Animals consume carbon and release oxygen, and plants consume oxygen and produce carbon.  By converting it into sugars, plants relay carbon to animals and animals convert it to oxygen.  Plants consume carbon and release oxygen, and animals consume oxygen and release carbon. RATIONALE In the carbon cycle, plants consume carbon dioxide as part of photosynthesis. Animals then eat plants and absorb the carbon, which

they then release into the atmosphere through their breath. The plants then absorb the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, completing the cycle. Oxygen is a product of photosynthesis, but it is used by animals and humans, not wasted. Animals do not consume carbon and release oxygen, and plants do not consume oxygen and produce carbon; instead, it’s the other way around. Plants relay carbon to animals, but animals cannot convert carbon into oxygen. CONCEPT Photosynthesis and the Carbon Cycle Report an issue with this question 3 Which of the following is an example of predation?  A ladybug consumes aphids on a rose bush.  A clown fish lives safely within a sea anemone.  A plant develops large leaves to capture more sunlight.  A coral reef bleaches and dies. RATIONALE In predation, one species preys on or consumes another, including carnivores eating other species. In this case, a ladybug is preying on aphids. The clown fish and the sea anemone are in symbiosis. The plant is using evolutionary biology. The coral reef is likely experiencing global warming. CONCEPT Community Ecology Report an issue with this question 4 Which of the following is a strategy associated with restoration ecology?

 Creating a new wilderness area to limit human interactions with an endangered species  Studying an environment closely to determine ways to maintain biodiversity and a healthy ecosystem  Reintroducing native plant and animal species to a piece of land devastated by deforestation  Examining the biological structures of living and nonliving components in a given environment RATIONALE Reintroducing native species is associated with restoration ecology because it is a form of restoring damaged or destroyed ecosystems. The other strategies are associated with conservation biology. CONCEPT Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology Report an issue with this question 5 Choose the example of a primary consumer in the food chain.  A squirrel that eats an acorn  An oak tree that drops acorns onto the ground  A snail that eats a decaying acorn on the forest floor  An eagle that eats a squirrel RATIONALE The squirrel is a primary consumer because it is an herbivore and consumes the acorn. The oak tree is a producer. The eagle is a secondary consumer. The snail is a decomposer. CONCEPT

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Food Chains and Food Webs Ecosystem Ecology Report an issue with this question 6 Environmental scientists cite several challenges to protecting endangered species. Which of the following is NOT a difficulty faced by those working to protect endangered species?  Identifying danger for a species may come too late to reverse the danger.  People aren’t that interested in protecting animals they do not consider valuable.  There is no legislation in the United States to protect species identified as endangered.  It is difficult to enforce protection policies in some environments. RATIONALE Endangered species in the United States are protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Protecting endangered species can be slowed by a lack of enforcement, lack of interest, or failure to identify the threat soon enough. CONCEPT Endangered Species Report an issue with this question 7 Select the statement that refers to an exponential population growth model.  The slope of the graph in this model is steepest near the top.  This model considers carrying capacity when examining population growth.

 This graph is a more realistic model of population growth.  This model considers a limited amount of natural resources when examining population growth. RATIONALE In an exponential growth model, the line is shaped like a J, with a shallower growth curve near the bottom and a steeper growth curve at the top. This model does not consider resource availability or carrying capacity, making it less realistic than a logistic model. CONCEPT Population Ecology Report an issue with this question 8 Which list correctly orders the examples of an organism, population, community, and ecosystem?  Parrot, a flock of parrots, animals in the rainforest, and the rainforest  Fungi, trees, forest, and a stream running through the forest  Algae, insects, fish, and pond  Honeybee, a hive of bees, a meadow of flowers, and a river RATIONALE The correct example is a parrot (an organism), a flock of parrots (a population), animals in the rainforest (a community), and the rainforest (an ecosystem). The other examples are not in the correct order or contain more than one example from the same organizational level. CONCEPT Ecology Report an issue with this question 9

Which statement is characteristic of an invasive species?  A species that has been domesticated  A species that can reproduce rapidly  A species that remains in its original environment  A species that has natural predators and competitors RATIONALE Invasive species have few natural predators, competitors, or other limiting factors in their new environment, resulting in high birth rates and a rapidly growing wild population. CONCEPT Native and Non-Native Species Report an issue with this question 10

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According to the graph, how many months did it take for the deer population to reach carrying capacity?  4  8  10  6 RATIONALE The blue dotted line represents the carrying capacity for the deer population, which is 140 deer on the y -axis. The first time the solid black line representing the size of the deer population crossed the blue dotted line was around 6 months. The deer population had not yet reached carrying capacity after 4 months, according to the graph, and had already reached carrying capacity by 8 and 10 months. CONCEPT Population Ecology

Report an issue with this question 11 All of the following are emergent properties at the population level of organization EXCEPT __________.  sex ratio  patterns of dispersion  number of living things in an area  interactions with abiotic factors RATIONALE Interactions with abiotic factors is a property at the ecosystem level, not the population level, since ecosystems are all of the communities and their relationships with the abiotic factors in a specific area. The number of living things in an area, sex ratio, and patterns of dispersion are all properties at the population level. CONCEPT Ecology Report an issue with this question 12 Choose the statement about nitrogen and nitrogen fixation that is FALSE.  When an animal dies, microorganisms convert the nitrogen in its proteins and muscles into a form that plants can eat.  Nitrogen in the atmosphere is not usable, so it needs to be “fixed” to be of benefit to plants and animals.  The roots of certain plants contain microorganisms that absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere and pass it on to animals.  Nitrogen makes up about 22% of the atmosphere and is an important biological compound found in DNA. RATIONALE

While nitrogen is an important biological compound found in DNA, it makes up 78% of the atmosphere, not 22%. The other statements are true. CONCEPT Water and Nitrogen Cycles Report an issue with this question 13 Choose the statement that is NOT true about the conditions within the given biome.  Steppes are cold grasslands with little precipitation.  Temperate grasslands are in the wetter areas of the temperate zone.  Tundras are very cold with very little rainfall.  All deserts have extremely low precipitation levels. RATIONALE Temperate grasslands occur in the dryer areas of the temperate biome latitude, not the wetter areas. The other statements about the particular biomes are true. CONCEPT Biomes Report an issue with this question 14 Select the example that describes a native species.  Citrus trees in Florida originated in subtropical Southeast Asia.  English ivy was imported to North America to help provide ground cover.  Scotch broom quickly dominated the landscape after it escaped from a garden.  Lemurs evolved with natural predators on the island of Madagascar. RATIONALE

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Lemurs on Madagascar are an example of a native species because they have adapted and evolved over time to the island’s predators, competitors, and limiting factors. The English ivy, citrus trees, and Scotch broom are examples of non- native species because either they are from a different environment originally or they have no natural predators in their new environment. CONCEPT Native and Non-Native Species Report an issue with this question 15 Moss and lichen begin to grow on land revealed by glacial retreat. Over a period of years, these plants are replaced by shrubs and then by taller shrubs. The ecological process that occurs is called __________.  secondary succession  primary succession  species interaction  ecosystem management RATIONALE Primary succession occurs when species begin inhabiting and establishing themselves in an environment that has never been inhabited before. Since the land under the glacier is newly exposed land, the mosses and lichens being established there are part of primary succession. This process is not a part of secondary succession, species interaction, or ecosystem management. CONCEPT Community Ecology Report an issue with this question 16

Which statement accurately describes the savanna biome?  This biome features forests and grasslands that go dormant during the winter.  This biome features tropical grasslands and is located near the equator.  This biome features a level of permafrost and a short growing season during the winter.  This biome features high levels of biodiversity and is located near the equator. RATIONALE Savannas are tropical grasslands near the equator that can support tall grasses, but not trees. Tropical rainforests have high levels of biodiversity and biomass and are located near the equator. The tundra is the coldest biome, where the ground is frozen all year and the growing season is short. Temperate forests and temperate grasslands go dormant in the winter. CONCEPT Biomes Report an issue with this question 17 Which of the following is NOT an impact of deforestation?  Deforested lands are often so degraded that they can sustain very little life.  The loss of forests affects the rainfall, humidity, and temperature in nearby areas.  The deforestation of tropical rainforests has led to discoveries of new species.  Trees that are burned release carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming.

RATIONALE The deforestation of tropical rainforests has not led to discoveries of new species; deforestation threatens species biodiversity and, once cleared, rainforests rarely grow back. Deforestation has negative impacts on biodiversity, the water cycle, and atmospheric carbon levels. CONCEPT Forests and Deforestation Report an issue with this question 18 Which of the following is a nonrenewable resource?  Sugar  Rubber  Ethanol  Minerals RATIONALE Nonrenewable resources are resources that cannot be replaced in a reasonable human time span, taking thousands or millions of years to form. These include mined resources, such as minerals. Sugar, rubber, and ethanol are all plant-derived renewable resources. CONCEPT Natural Resources Report an issue with this question 19 Choose the statement that is NOT true about energy and trophic levels.  Photosynthesis captures more than 10% of sunlight that reaches Earth.  Primary productivity is dependent on sunlight, moisture and temperature.

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 Six is considered to be the maximum number of trophic levels in any ecosystem.  Secondary productivity is the rate at which consumers convert organic material into biomass. RATIONALE It is not true that photosynthesis captures more than 10% of the sunlight that reaches the Earth. Of the sunlight that reaches Earth's surface, less than 1% is captured through photosynthesis and converted into energy. The other statements are true. CONCEPT Food Chains and Food Webs Report an issue with this question 20 Aliesha is helping Josh study for their upcoming geography and environmental science test. “Say you’re in a boat headed toward the equator,” Aliesha prods. “What climate would you expect to find there?” To correctly answer the question, Josh would say which of the following?  “Increased cloud cover would cause high humidity and rain.”  “Days would be hot and nights would be cool.”  “The temperature would be warmer near the equator.”  “There would be little rain near the coastline.” RATIONALE An important fact to remember about the weather and climate is that the closer one gets to the equator, the warmer it generally is.

Precipitation is affected by proximity to large bodies of water, not proximity to the equator. Furthermore, hot days and cool nights describe a desert climate, not the temperature closer to the equator. CONCEPT Earth's Features Report an issue with this question 21 Select the statement that is indicative of valuing species for their intrinsic value.  Wetlands must be protected because they provide flood control.  Cotton is an important crop because it can be made into fibers for clothing.  Wilderness areas are places that provide opportunities for reflection and enjoyment.  Factory farming should be abolished because it condemns chickens to short, miserable lives. RATIONALE This statement exhibits intrinsic value because it implies that the chickens are valuable as an end unto themselves, not as a means to an end; in other words, they are valuable because they exist. The other statements exhibit the value of ecosystem services because they imply that wilderness areas provide recreational and cultural services, wetlands provide regulating services, and cotton provides provisioning services. CONCEPT The Role of Individual Species Report an issue with this question 22 Which of the following is NOT an example of overexploitation?  Twenty-five million bison once roamed the American landscape; by 1880, only 1,091 remained.

 Ginseng is slow growing, produces few seeds, and is highly sought after for its medicinal properties.  The passenger pigeon population in America was in the billions before they became extinct.  Each time salmon are harvested from a fish farm, new salmon are brought in to replace them. RATIONALE Farming of salmon is not overexploitation because it is done sustainably. The others are examples of overexploitation, or overharvesting, because they demonstrate an unsustainable overconsumption of a natural resource. CONCEPT Overexploitation

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SCI 201 milestone 2

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