cytology and test procedures

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Southern Technical College, Auburndale *

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MICROBIOLO

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Biology

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Jan 9, 2024

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pdf

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Uploaded by ChancellorProton12597

Place a small drop of blood in the center of the pre-cleaned, labeled slide. Using the corner of another slide or an applicator stick, spread the drop in a circular pattern until it is the size of a dime (1.5 cm2). A thick smear of proper density is one which, if placed (wet) over newsprint, allows you to barely read the words. Lay the slides flat and allow the smears to dry thoroughly (protect from dust and insects!). Insufficiently dried smears (and/or smears that are too thick) can detach from the slides during staining. The risk is increased in smears made with anticoagulated blood. At room temperature, drying can take several hours; 30 minutes is the minimum; in the latter case, handle the smear very delicately during staining. You can accelerate the drying by using a fan or hair dryer (use cool setting). Protect thick smears from hot environments to prevent heat-fixing the smear. Do not fix thick smears with methanol or heat. If there will be a delay in staining smears, dip the thick smear briefly in water to hemolyse the RBCs. steps for a blood smear ear cytology steps Step 1: Each ear is sampled with a separate swab. A dry swab is inserted into the ear canals and rotated several times. Step 2: Collected material is gently rolled onto a slide, using complete swab to transfer material Step 3: Heat fixation / wipe back side of slide clean Step 4: Dip 10 seconds each Rapid Differential Stain Fixative, Stain Red, Stain Blue, and rinse with water Step 5: Allow time to dry before reading with a microscope Dionisia Leal , Jesenia Arellano Chasity Candelaria

urine urine analysis testing step Step 1: Obtain the Sample Gather the necessary supplies, including a clean, dry container to collect the urine sample. Approach the patient calmly and gently, ensuring they are comfortable during the process. With gloved hands, collect a mid-stream urine sample (about halfway through urination) to get the most accurate results. Step 2: Observe and Note Observe the urine's color, clarity, and odor. Note any abnormal findings, such as cloudiness or strong odors, which may indicate underlying health issues. Step 3: Measure Specific Gravity Use a refractometer or a urinometer to measure the specific gravity of the urine. This helps assess the kidney's ability to concentrate urine and overall hydration status. Step 4: Dipstick Test Dip a urine test strip (dipstick) into the urine sample, making sure all the pads are covered. Compare the color changes on the dipstick with the provided color chart. This test provides information about pH, protein, glucose, ketones, blood, bilirubin, urobilinogen, nitrites, and leukocytes in the urine. Step 5: Microscopic Examination Transfer a small amount of urine onto a microscope slide and place a coverslip over it. Examine the slide under a microscope at different magnifications. Look for the presence of red blood cells, white blood cells, crystals, casts, bacteria, and other cellular elements. Andy De Leon

urine analysis testing step Step 6: Analyze Results Interpret the findings based on the specific gravity, dipstick results, and microscopic examination. Identify any abnormalities and consider potential underlying conditions. Step 7: Record and Report Record all findings in the patient's medical record, including any observed abnormalities or significant results. Prepare a clear and concise report for the veterinarian to review and make appropriate treatment decisions. Step 8: Ensure Proper Handling Dispose of the urine sample and any waste materials appropriately and in compliance with biohazard protocols. Clean and disinfect all equipment used during the urinalysis. urine Andy De Leon

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fecal Weigh out approximately 4-5 grams of fresh feces. Mix feces with 10-15ml of flotation solution in the fecal diagnostic refill kit . Place a coverslip on top of tube, making sure that it comes in contact with the solution. Centrifuge for 5 minutes at 1200-1500rpm. Let fecal set for 5-10 minutes. Carefully remove coverslip and place onto a clean slide. Ydaytza Ortega

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