Fundamentals Test 2

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NAME: ______________________________________ BIO110 FUNDAMENTALS OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I ROWAN COLLEGE AT BURLINGTON COUNTY FALL 2023 EXAM II 1

1. List three functions of bone (excluding “protection”). 2. List two functions of the axial skeleton. 3. List two functions of the appendicular skeleton. 4. Bones are classified by their ______________. 5. The skeleton is divided into divisions. What are the divisions? 6. Which bone does NOT articulate with the ethmoid bone? A. sphenoid B. nasal C. maxilla D. zygomatic E. palatine F. vomer 7. The lower limbs are attached to the _____ by _____. A. skeleton; cartilage B. appendicular skeleton; ligaments C. hip; ligaments D. axial skeleton; muscle 8. The pubic bones are bound anteriorly by the _____, which is made of _____. A. coccyx; bone B. pubic symphysis; cartilage C. glenoid fossa; muscle D. pubis; muscle 9. In the anatomical position, which bone is most medial? A. humerus B. carpal C. phalange D. radius E. ulna 10. Which bones are flat bones? (Select all that apply) A. sternum B. scapulae C. temporal D. occipital E. hyoid 2

F. ischium G. lacrimal 11. Which list contains bones of the appendicular skeleton? A. patella, ethmoid, femur, coccyx, tibia B. clavicle, fibula, metatarsal, phalange, radius C. humerus, scapula, occipital, metacarpal, sternum D. ulna, radius, phalange, mandible, coccyx 12. Where is the xiphoid process located? A. in the dorsal cavity B. in the thoracic cavity C. superior to the mandible D. in the abdominal cavity 13. Which of the following correctly describes an epiphyseal plate? A. they are in areas of growth in long bones B. they ossify in an individual’s mid 20’s C. they enable the diaphysis of bones to grow D. they are formed of spongy bone Provide the common name for each bone/bones. For example, the coccyx: tailbone. 14. Ileum, ischium, pubis: _________________ 15. Collar bone: _________________ 16. Upper jaw: _________________ 17. Lower jaw: _________________ 18. The femur is proximal to the _____. A. pubis B. tibia C. pelvic girdle D. diaphysis 19. All of the following bones aid with grasping and grasping EXCEPT the _____. A. talus B. phalange C. carpals D. metacarpus E. phalanx 20. The lambdoid suture articulates with which of these bones? (Select all that apply) A. parietal B. foramen magnum C. frontal 3

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D. temporal E. occipital 21. The sagittal suture: A. separates the coronal and lambdoid sutures B. divides the temporal bones C. divides the parietal bones D. separates the frontal from the parietal bones 22. The clavicle articulates medially with the _____. A. sternum B. scapula C. cervical vertebrae D. thorax E. manubrium 23. Which cranial suture connects the occipital and frontal bones? A. fontanelle B. sagittal C. coronal D. lambdoid 24. Articulations that allow full range of motion are called _____ joints. A. synovial B. ball-and-socket C. pivot D. gliding 25. This type of joint is distinguished by the presence of a cavity. A. condyloid B. hinge C. synovial D. ball-and-socket 26. Which of the following is adapted to withstand pressure and stress? A. compact bone B. spongy bone C. trabecular bone D. bone matrix 27. Long bones are lined internally with this connective tissue. A. osteocytes B. osseous tissue C. endosteum D. periosteum 4

28. Which bones possess foramen? (Select all that apply) A. parietal B. vertebrae C. occipital D. maxillae E. mandible 29. Which motion moves the ankle in a direction that points the toes downward? A. elevation B. dorsiflexion C. eversion D. plantar flexion 30. Which bone is entirely weight-bearing? A. ilium B. tibia C. fibula D. ulna E. sacrum 31. Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of _____. A. supination B. hyperflexion C. hyperextension D. flexion E. extension 32. Moving a limb away from the axial skeleton is called _____. A. rotation B. extension C. adduction D. abduction 33. What bone(s) form the elbow? 34. Which of these bones is considered a short bone? (Select all that apply) A. hamate B. scaphoid C. lunate D. capitate E. vomer F. hyoid G. phalanx 5

Classify the following bones as Short (S), Long (L), Irregular (I), Sesamoid (SES), or Flat (F). 35. Sphenoid. _____ 36. Metacarpal. _____ 37. Atlas. _____ 38. Lunate. _____ 39. Patella. _____ 40. Ribs. _____ 41. Supination is the motion that moves the _____. A. hand from the palm down position to the palm up position B. foot so that the bottom of the foot faces the midline of the body C. hand from the palm forward position to the palm backward position D. scapula in an upward direction 42. _____ are responsible for the formation of new bone during the development of the skeleton and during bone remodeling. A. osteoclasts B. osteocytes C. osteons D. osteoblasts 43. _____ joints are only capable of side-to-side and back-and-forth movement. A. gliding B. condyloid C. hinge D. pivot 44. Where does the skull articulate with the spinal column? _______________________ 45. A physical therapist wants to improve the strength of someone’s ankle. Which of these synovial joint movements would be most appropriate for this? A. adduction B. circumduction C. abduction D. dorsiflexion 46. The bones of the skull, the vertebrae, and bones of the thorax form the ___________________. 47. Which vertebrae lack foramen? A. lumbar spine B. sacrum C. axis D. cervical spine 6

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E. atlas 48. An injury of the proximal humerus would cause a patient to have the most difficulty: A. adducting the arm at the shoulder joint B. abducting the arm at the shoulder joint C. flexing the carpals and metacarpals D. extending the phalanges 49. The zygomatic bone is classified as what shape bone? A. long B. flat C. sesamoid D. short E. irregular 50. The calcaneus is an example of what shaped bone? ________________ 51. The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates: A. the bone has completed ossification B. bone is lengthening C. bone is increasing in diameter D. bone is no longer lengthening 52. Which of these bones does NOT form the orbit? A. frontal B. sphenoid C. zygomatic D. vomer E. ethmoid F. lacrimal G. maxilla H. palatine 53. Cranial sutures: A. are flat bones B. are joints C. are synovial joints D. are present only in infants E. ossify late in life 54. The thumb is considered a _____ joint. A. hinge B. pivot C. saddle D. plane 7

55. What bones form the knee joint? 56. When you reach up to scratch your nose, you have to _____ your elbow. A. extend B. adduct C. abduct D. flex 57. What is an example of a joint in the body that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction? 58. TRUE or FALSE ? Sesamoid bones form within muscle. _____ 59. Ligaments prevent joints from _____. A. hyperextending B. retracting C. flexing D. extending 60. Where does pronation and supination occur? A. in the tibia and fibula B. in the acetabulum and femoral head C. in the radius and ulna D. in the lumbar and thoracic spinal regions 61. The diaphysis of long bones is composed of _____. A. spongy bone B. red bone marrow C. osteoclasts D. compact bone 62. How many cranial bones does an adult have? A. 10 B. 24 C. 14 D. 22 E. 8 63. How many carpals does a grown adult have? ________ 64. Which of these bones is part of the appendicular skeleton? A. hyoid B. mastoid process C. coccyx D. scaphoid E. ossicles F. manubrium 8

65. Which bone forms the inferolateral areas of the cranium? A. zygomatic bones B. parietal bones C. cervical vertebrae D. sphenoid bone E. temporal bones 9

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