biod 151 module 3 exam

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biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy 1. explain why a patient with liv- er disease would have intol- erance to fatty food the liver produces bile which breaks down fat. if the liver isn't producing adequate bile, the fat wouldn't be able to be broken down adequately 2. food enters the stomach from the ___ via the ___ sphincter. food exits the stomach via the ___ sphinc- ter into the ___. food enters the stomach from the ESOPHA- GUS via the CARDIOESOPHAGEAL / LOW- ER ESOPHAGEAL sphincter. food exits the stomach via the PYLORIC sphincter into the SMALL INTESTINE 3. a patient is experiencing vit- amin toxicity. what type of vi- tamin would be causing this toxicity? explain fat soluble vitamins because they are stored in body fat so it's more difficult for the body to get rid of them 4. explain which digestive sys- tem functions are carried out by the large intestine absorption--water and electrolytes are reab- sorbed, vitamins are absorbed defecation--feces travels to rectum to be ex- creted via anus 5. name and explain the 4 main functions performed by the digestive system 1. ingestion--when food enters mouth 2. digestion--mechanical digestion from chewing, mixing, breaking down, and moving of food bolus. chemical digestion from en- zymes breaking down food. 3. absorption--nutrients from food go to blood 4. defecation--waste is excreted via feces 6. what produces lipase pancreas 7. what produces urea liver 8. what produces salivary amy- lase mouth/salivary glands 9. what produces pepsinogen stomach 10. decrease hunger, increase satiety 1 / 7
biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy what is the purpose of the hormone leptin 11. true or false: the ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into the large intes- tine true 12. true or false: taste buds are located on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx true 13. true or false: the liver, pan- creas, and tongue are con- sidered accessory organs to the digestive system true 14. true or false: the stomach is located along the right side of the abdomen below the di- aphragm false, it is on the left 15. true or false: lipids can be divided into two categories: complete or incomplete false. lipids--saturated, unsaturated, cholesterol protein--complete, incomplete 16. true or false: catabolism combines smaller molecules to make larger molecules false, that is anabolism 17. true or false: the nasophar- ynx is the most superior re- gion of the pharynx true 18. true or false: the pharynx has 3 types of skeletal muscle: circumferential, longitudinal, and oblique false, it has circumferential and longitudinal 2 / 7
biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy 19. true or false: the oblique lay- er of the stomach churning food into smaller pieces is an example of mechanical di- gestion true 20. describe fungiform papillae they are raised bumps on the tongue that contain taste buds and help grip food 21. true or false: pyruvic acid are broken down into glucose false, glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvate 22. true or false: 2 ATP mole- cules are formed in the first breakdown of glucose true 23. which of the following state- ments is FALSE concerning the second stage of glucose breakdown a. the second stage is TCA cycle b. pyruvic acid is converted to carbon dioxide c. additional ATP is formed d. the second stage is ETC d. the second stage is ETC 24. which of the following state- ments is TRUE concerning the ETC a. can only proceed anaerobi- cally in humans b. approximately 2 ATP are formed c. protons are pumped out of the inner mitochondrial membrane c. protons are pumped out of the inner mito- chondrial membrane 3 / 7
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biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy d. the proton motive force forms ADP 25. describe central incisor chisel-shaped for biting 26. uvula a. connects mouth to esoph- agus b. forms food into a bolus c. attaches to the lesser omentum d. stores glycogen and pro- duces urea e. attached to soft palate e. attached to soft palate 27. stomach a. hangs from the cecum b. connects mouth to esoph- agus c. attaches to the greater omentum d. contains the hepatic flex- ure e. site of ileocecal valve c. attaches to the greater omentum 28. submucosal layer of tissue a. made of 2 layers of muscle b. innermost layer c. secretes mucus d. contains blood and lymph vessels e. begins in the mouth d. contains blood and lymph vessels 29. dentin a. upper portion of gums b. outermost layer c. bone-like substance 4 / 7
biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy c. bone-like substance d. hard connective tissue e. contains longitudinal mus- cle 30. common bile duct a. contains secretions from the pancreas b. joins with the pancreatic duct c. enters the jejunum d. contains secretions from the salivary glands e. contains lymph vessels and nerves b. joins with the pancreatic duct 31. explain which digestive sys- tem functions are carried out by the small intestine digestion--chemical digestion via enzymes to break down starches, proteins, and fats. me- chanical digestion as bile breaks down fat into smaller pieces absorption--begins as digested food mole- cules, water, and fat are absorbed into the bloodstream 32. describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their loca- tion, secretions, and purpos- es parietal cells are located in wall of stomach; secrete hydrochloric acid; purpose is to gen- erate acidic pH of 1.3-3.5 to kill bacteria and stop activity of salivary amylase and activate pepsin chief cells are located in stomach; secrete pepsinogen; purpose is for hydrochloric acid to activate pepsinogen into pepsin for protein breakdown 33. what is the purpose of the hormone ghrelin increase hunger, decrease satiety 5 / 7
biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy 34. purpose of molars crushing food 35. enamel a. lies below gums b. innermost layer c. largest portion of tooth d. contains nerves and ves- sels e. located on surface of crown e. located on surface of crown 36. explain in detail how the stomach contents enter the small intestine the pyloric sphincter at the base of the stom- ach relaxes and chyme passes through to the duodenum. chyme passing through causes a reflex of the sphincter to contract and close the opening 37. where is vitamin K produced large intestine 38. where is secretin produced duodenum 39. pancreas a. storage site for bile b. attached to soft palate c. secrete juices which di- gest all types of food d. stores glycogen and pro- duces urea e. forms food into a bolus c. secrete juices which digest all types of food 40. small intestine a. first section is called the jejunum b. contains the LES c. attaches to the greater omentum d. pancreas secretions en- d. pancreas secretions enter here via he- patopancreatic ampulla 6 / 7
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biod 151 module 3 exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e322wy ter here via hepatopancreatc ampulla e. secretes vitamin K 41. muscularis externa a. made of 2 layers of muscle b. innermost layer c. secretes mucus d. contains blood and lymph vessels e. begins in mouth a. made of 2 layers of muscle 7 / 7

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